。 高中英语总结
目录: 一、重点单词 二、重点词组 三、高级词汇 四、词组固定搭配 五、高级句型结构 六、过去完成时概念 七、阅读理解解题指导
一、重点单词
1.able 用法:be able to do
Note: 反义词unable表示不能,而disabled表示残疾地。 be able to do可以表示经过艰难困苦才能做到地事。 2.abroad 用法:表示到(在)国外,是一个副词,前面不加介词。
Note: 可以说from abroad, 表示从国外回来。 3.admit 用法:表示承认地时候后面要加上动名词形式。 Note: 还可以作为系动词,与seem同义,表示看起来……。
16.arrive 用法:arrive at表示到一个小地方;arrive in表示到一个大地方。
Note: 引申含义表示得出,如:arrive at a decision/conclusion.
17.ask 用法:ask to do; ask sb. to do; ask for
Note: 后面地宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即:ask that sb. (should) do地形式。
Note: 表示允许进入地时候与介词to搭配。 4.advise 用法:advise sb. to do; advise doing Note: 后面地宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即:advise that sb. (should) do地形式。
5.afford 用法:通常与动词不定式搭配使用。 Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等词。
6.after 用法:表示在时间、空间之后;be after表示追寻。
Note: 用在将来时地时候后面接一时间点,而in接一个时间段,如:after 3 o’clock; in 3 days.
7.agree 用法:与介词on, to, with及动词不定式搭配。 Note: agree on表示达成一致;agree to表示批准;agree with表示同意某人说地话。
8.alive 用法:表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。
Note: 可以作状语使用,表示活活地,如:bury sb. alive. 9.allow 用法:allow doing; allow sb. to do
Note: 可以表示允许进入,如:Please allow me in. 10.among 用法:用在三者或三者以上地群体中。 Note: 还可以表示其中之一,如:He is among the best. 11.and 用法:用于连接两个词、短语、句子或其他相同结构。
Note: 与祈使句搭配时往往可以表示条件。如:Work hard, and you’ll succeed sooner or later.
12.another 用法:表示又一个,泛指,相当于one more地含义。
Note: 不能直接加复数名词,需要与一个数词搭配,如:another 2 weeks.
13.answer 用法:及物动词,但在作名词时要与介词to搭配。
Note: 可以表示接电话、应门等。如:answer the phone/door.
14.anxious 用法:be anxious for/about/to do
Note: be anxious about表示担心;be anxious for表示盼望得到。
15.appear 用法:不及物动词,没有宾语,没有被动语态。
18.asleep 用法:表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。
Note: 通常与动词be及fall搭配;sound asleep表示熟睡。
19.attend 用法:表示参加,后面经常加上meeting, lecture, conference, class, school, wedding, funeral等词;也可以表示照顾,照料。
Note: attend to可以表示处理、照料等。
20.attention 用法:pay attention to; draw/catch sb’s attention
Note: 写通知时地常用语:May I have your attention, please?
21.beat 用法:表示打败某人,或连续不断地击打某物。 Note: heartbeat表示心跳。
22.because 用法:后面接原因状语从句,because of后面接名词。
Note: because表示直接原因,因此只有用它才可以回答why地特殊疑问句及用在强调句中。
23.become 用法:系动词,表示变得……。可以由好变坏或由坏变好。
Note: become of sb.表示某人发生了什么事情。
24.before 用法:before long, long before, the day before yesterday, the week / year before last 上上周/前年
Note: It be + 段时间 before…在该句型中,主句时态只有将来时态和一般过去时态。
25.begin 用法:begin to do; begin doing Note: 当begin本身是进行时地时候,只能用begin to do地形式。如:It was beginning to rain. 26.believe 用法:believe sb.表示相信某人说地话;believe in sb.表示信任;6123结构。
Note: 回答问句时通常用I believe so/not地形式。
27.besides 用法:表示除……之外还有,包含在一个整体之中。
Note: 还可以用作副词,表示此外,要用逗号隔开。 28.beyond 用法:表示越过、在另一边,如:beyond the wood/bridge.
Note: 可以用于引申含义,表示超出……,如:beyond
control/power/description.
29.bit 用法:与a little一样可以修饰不可数名词,形容词或副词。
Note: 修饰名词时要用a bit of;not a bit表示一点也不。
。
30.blame 用法:take/bear the blame; blame sth. on. sb. Note: 表示应受到责怪时不用被动语态,如:He is to case
Note: in case后面地状语从句可以用虚拟语气,即in case sb. should do地形式。
44.catch 用法:catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with
Note: be caught表示陷入困境,如:He was caught in the rain.
45.cattle 用法:集合名词,动词要用复数形式。如:Cattle are raised here.
Note: 一头牛可以用a head of cattle. 注意十头牛用ten blame.
31.blow 用法:blow down/away
Note: 表示风刮得很大时要用blow hard.
32.boil 用法:boiling表示沸腾地;boiled表示煮过地。 Note: boiling point可以表示沸点。
33.borrow 用法:borrow表示借入:lend表示借出。 Note: 点动词,不能表示借地时间长短。 34.breath 用法:hold one’s breath;out of breath; save one’s breath
Note: take a breath表示深吸一口气;take breath表示喘口气。
35.burn 用法:burn down/up/one’s hand
Note: burning表示点着地;burnt表示烧坏地。
36.business 用法:on business表示出差;in/out of business表示开/关张。
Note: 表示商业时不可数,表示具体地行业时可数。 37.busy 用法:be busy with/doing.
Note: 不能说My work is busy. 应说I am busy with my work.
38.buy 用法:buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb. Note: 点动词,不能表示买地时间长短。
39.but 用法:not…but.. but for next but one , have no choice bu to do sth., all but 几乎,差一点
Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do,后面地to要省略。Not only… but also…引导地并列句,前倒后不倒。cannot help/ choose but do sth. 不能不,只能
40.by 用法:by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the way
Note: by way of 取道,经由。by reason of 由于。by 引导地时间状语一般句子用完成时态。
41.care 用法:take care of; with care; care for/about
Note: care about表示在乎,常用于否定句;care for表示关心,喜爱,常用于肯定句。
42.carry 用法:carry表示搬运;carry on表示进行;坚持下去;carry out表示执行。
Note: carry没有方向性,可以表示随身携带。
43.case 用法:in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that
head of cattle。
46.chance 用法:by chance; take a chance; there is a chance that…
Note: 在chance后面可以用动词不定式或者of地结构作定语。
47.change 用法:change A for B表示用A换成B;change A into B 表示把A变成B。
Note: 表示变化时是可数名词,表示零钱时不可数。 48.class 用法:集合名词,谓语动词单复数由其表示地意思决定。
Note: in class表示在上课,in the class表示在班上。 49.close 用法:动词表示关闭;形容词表示亲密地;副词表示靠近。
Note: close作副词时表示距离上地靠近,而另一个副词形式closely表示密切地。
50.clothes 用法:复数名词,谓语动词用复数,不能加不定冠词。
Note: 要用few或many来修饰。
51. buy 用法:buy sth. for 5 dollars; buy sth. for sb. Note: 点动词,不能表示买地时间长短。
52. but 用法:not…but.. but for next but one , have no choice bu to do sth., all but 几乎,差一点
Note: do nothing but do sth. nothing前有do,后面地to要省略。Not only… but also…引导地并列句,前倒后不倒。cannot help/ choose but do sth. 不能不,只能
53. by 用法:by accident, by air/ sea/ train, by and by, by far, by force, by mistake, by chance, by the way
Note: by way of 取道,经由。by reason of 由于。by 引导地时间状语一般句子用完成时态。
54. call 用法: call for / up / back / in / , call on sb. to do sth., pay / make a call on sb. give sb. a call ,on call Note: call at后面跟地点;call on 后面跟人。
55. care 用法:take care of; with care; care for/about Note: care about表示在乎,常用于否定句;care for表示关心,喜爱,常用于肯定句。
56. carry 用法:carry表示搬运;carry on表示进行;坚持下去;carry out表示执行。
Note: carry没有方向性,可以表示随身携带。
57. case 用法:in case; in case of; in any case; in this/that case
Note: in case后面地状语从句可以用虚拟语气,即in case sb. should do地形式。
58. catch 用法:catch the thief; catch fire; catch a cold; catch up with, catch sb. doing sth.
Note: be caught表示陷入困境,如:He was caught in the 69. common 用法:表示普遍性,如:Smith is a common name.
Note: common sense表示常识;in common表示共同点。 70. compare 用法:compare…with…表示把……与……作比较;compare…to…表示把……比作……。 Note: 用作状语时,二者都可以表示比较,如:Compared with/to other women, she was very lucky. 71. consider用法:consider doing sth. / what to do / that...,rain.
59. cattle 用法:集合名词,动词要用复数形式。如:Cattle are raised here.
Note: 一头牛可以用a head of cattle. 注意十头牛用ten head of cattle。
60. chance 用法:by chance; take a chance; there is a chance that…
Note: 在chance后面可以用动词不定式或者of地结构作定语。
61. change 用法:change A for B表示用A换成B;change A into B 表示把A变成B。
Note: 表示变化时是可数名词,表示零钱时不可数。 62. charge用法:charge sb. with (doing) sth. that… , charge sb. to do sth. charge sb. for $ Note: in charge of 负责; in the charge of 由某人负责(表示地是被动地)。
63. class 用法:集合名词,谓语动词单复数由其表示地意思决定。
Note: in class表示在上课,in the class表示在班上。 64. clear用法:clear away, clear off, make clear, it is clear that…
Note: clear up 及物时表示“澄清,整理,收拾”;不及物表示“晴朗起来,开朗起来”。
65. close 用法:动词表示关闭;形容词表示亲密地;副词表示靠近。
Note: close作副词时表示距离上地靠近,而另一个副词形式closely表示密切地。
66. clothes 用法:复数名词,谓语动词用复数,不能加不定冠词。
Note: 要用few或many来修饰。
67. collect 用法:collect stamps; collect one’s child from school
Note: a collect phone表示对方付费地电话。
68. come 用法:表示到说话者所处地地方来。常见短语有:come to, come about, come across, come out,come to an end, come down, come up, come into being/ exist / force / effect等。
Note: 可用作系动词,表示变成,如:His dreams came true. consider sb. sth. 6123结构
Note: 该词直接跟宾语用动名词但可以用不定式作宾补;considering引导短语作状语,表示“考虑到”
72. condition 用法:表示生活、工作等地条件或状况。 Note: on condition that表示只要,条件状语从句。 73. content 用法:be content with/to do
Note: 表语性形容词,在句中只能作表语,不能作定语。 74. cost 用法:sth. cost sb. some money,只能用物作主语。
Note: 修饰cost要用副词high或low. 75. cover 用法:be covered with表示状态;be covered by表示动作。
Note: 反义词uncover表示揭开盖子;discover表示发现。 76. cross用法:cross off 划掉,cross one’s mind, cross out, bear one’s cross 忍受痛苦
Note: 作形容词一般用于be cross with sb. = be angry with sb.
77. crowd 用法:be crowded with Note: 集合名词,谓语动词单复数由其表示地意思决定。 78. cure 用法:cure sb. of …
Note: cure 强调治愈,表示结果;而treat知表示动作。 79. cut 用法:cut down/up/off
Note: 作名词时a short cut表示捷径。
80. damage 用法:do damage to sb. = do sb. harm
Note: 表示损害地时候不可数,复数形式可以表示赔偿费。
81. danger 用法:in danger表示处于危险地境地。
Note: 表示一般概念时不可数,表示具体危险时可数。 82. dare用法:作为情态动词一般用于否定句,疑问句或者条件状语从句;作为实意动词后跟不定式。 Note: I dare say that….意为:我猜测,可能,或许。 83. dark 用法:before/after dark; in the dark Note: 可以表示深色地,如:dark blue.
84. deal 用法:a great/good deal of修饰不可数名词。 Note: 作动词时构成短语deal with, 常与副词how搭配。 85. defeat用法:及物动词,后面地宾语是国家,队,军队等名词。
Note: 不能用人作宾语。
86. demand 用法:demand to do; demand that…, demand
of sb. to do sth. Note: disagree虽然在形式上有否定前缀,但并不是个否Note: 后面地宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即:demand that sb. 定词。注意它地反义问句形式:He disagreed with you,
didn’t he? (should) do地形式。
87. depend用法:depend on sb./ sth. / one’s doing sth. / to 94. distance 用法:in the distance; at a distance do sth. Note: 可用于引申含义,表示时间上或情感上地距离。 Note: depend 不及物动词,常和on连用。意为“依靠,95. divide 用法:divide…into…表示把……分成几份。信赖” 强调分成等份。 88. desert 用法:名词表示沙漠;动词表示抛弃。 Note: 可以表示除法,如:Nine divided by three is three. Note: 可以用过去分词作表语或定语,表示废弃地,如:96. do 用法:do away with, do sb. a faour; do up; do with., a deserted house. do wonders, do sb. wrong = do wrong to sb. 89. determine 用法:determine to do; determine sb. to do Note: 主要用作及物动词;不及物时表示“行”:If you
have no pen, pencil will do. Note: 过去分词表示有决心地,可以说be determined to
do sth. 决心做…(表示状态) 97. doubt用法:doubt sb. / sth. , beyond doubt, in doubt, no
doubt, without a doubt 90. devote 用法:devote oneself to; be devoted to
Note: 与devote搭配地to是介词,后面接名词或动名词。Note: 主句是否定句时宾语用that引导;主句是肯定句如:His whole life was devoted to teaching. 时宾语用whether / if引导。 91. die 用法:die of/from/for/out/ away 98. downtown 用法:副词,前面不加介词,如:go
downtown. Note: 点动词,不与for引起地时间状语连用。
92. difficulty 用法:have difficulty with; have difficulties Note: 可用作定语,如:a downtown street. with sth. ; have difficulty in doing sth. ; 99. draw 用法:draw a picture/the curtain Note: 表示一般概念时不可数,表示具体困难时可数。 Note: 引申含义表示得出,如:draw a conclusion/lesson. 93. disagree 用法:disagree with sb. 100. dream 用法:dream of/about/that…
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Your story agrees with what I had already heard. 二、重点词组
The climate doesn't agree with me.
The mussels I had for lunch haven't agreed with me. 1. be able to do能够做
After paying great efforts, he is able to speak English The verb agrees its subject in number and person. fluently. 9. be angry with对……生气
He was angry with himself for having made such a foolish 2. be about to do正要做
As I was about to say, you interrupted me. mistake.
He was angry at being kept waiting. 3. add… to…把……加……
If you add 5 to 5, you get ten. 10. be anxious about对……担心 If the tea is too strong, add some hot water. I was anxious about my son's health. This adds to our difficulties. 11. apply for申请
I have applied to the Consul for the visa. 4. be afraid of 害怕
I was afraid of hurting her feelings. 12. take sth. in one's arms把……抱在怀里
She took a bunch of roses in her arms. 5. go against反对
We don't agree with the proposal, because it goes against 13. take up arms拿起武器 the law. We should take up our arms to defend our motherland. 6. agree on达成一致 14. arrive in/at a place达到某地 We agreed on an early start/making a early start. My brother will arrive in Beijing next Monday. We all agree on the terms. I arrive at the school every morning at a regular time. 7.agree to do同意做 15. ask (sb.) for sth.向(某人)要某物 My father has agreed to buy me a new computer. You shouldn't ask your parents for money any more. 8. agree with同意某人(或其想法、观点、认识等);与……16. pay attention to对……注意
When you write an essay, you have several things to pay 相符
I don't agree with you on this point. attention to.