STD4153
Quenching and tempering steels and precipitation hardening steels Standard responsible (department acronym, name)
UTDH Markku Backholm
淬火和回火调质钢和沉淀硬化钢
Contents 目录
Page页码
Introduction介绍…………………………………… 2
Changes from previous issue之前发行号的变化.......2 1.Characteristics and applications特性及应用.......2 1.1 Quenching and tempering steels淬火和回火调质钢.......2
1.2 Precipitation hardening steels沉淀硬化钢.......4 2.Macro inclusions宏观夹杂物.......5
3.Austenite grain size奥氏体晶粒尺寸....... 5 4.Reduction factor折减系数....... 5
5.Requirements of hardenability可硬化行能力的要求.......5
6.Chemical composition化学成分....... 6
6.1 Quenching and tempering steels淬火和回火调
钢...6
6.2 Precipitation hardening steels沉淀硬化钢.......8 7.Forms of supply供应形式....... 8
8.1 Mechanical properties力学特性.......9
9.Precipitation hardening steels沉淀硬化钢....... 16 10.Surface hardening表面硬化......17 11. Fusion welding熔焊....... 18
12.Forging temperature铸件温度.......20 13.Heat treatment热处理....... 21
14.Hardening of different steel grades不同级别钢的硬化... 23
14.1 Hardening temperatures硬化温度.......24 14.2 Hardenability according to Jominy.. 25 根据顶端硬化性能力
14.3 Tempering diagram回火图....... 38 14.4 Diagram for isothermal
transformation (TTT-diagram)等温转变图（TTT图）....... .......54
15.Equivalent rectangular and circular
sections for bars棒的等效矩形和圆形截面 .............. 59
16.Material indication on drawing材料显示在图纸上.............. 60
17.Appurtenant documents附属文件.............. 62
Standard responsible (department acronym, name) Introduction简介
UTDH Markku Backholm
Scania quenching and tempering steels and precipitation hardening steels deviate from standardized steels due to factors such as the requirements on macro
inclusions, austenite grain size, reduction factor and forging temperature.Scania淬火和回火调质钢和沉淀硬化钢是偏离标准钢的，由于一些因素影响，比如说宏观夹杂物的要求、奥氏体晶粒尺寸，减少因素和锻造温度。
Changes from previous issue 之前发行号的变化
The standard has been revised and adapted to international standard when possible.
Periodical up date.此标准已是修正版，通用于国际化标准，如有可能，也适用于定期更新的版本。
1 .Characteristics and applications 特性及应用
Basic data for heat treatment of steel grades according to this standard are given in section 13, “Heat treatment”and in section 14, “Hardening of different steel grade.根据本标准，钢级热处理的基本数据在第13节中，“热处理”在第14节中，“硬化有不同的钢级”。
1.1Quenching and tempering steels 淬火和回火调质钢
1.1.1 Conventional quenching and tempering steels常规的淬火和回火调质钢 Steel 91672 is intended for quenching and tempering as well as surface hardening of relatively weak and simple parts. When surface hardening, a hardening depth of 4 mm can be achieved. The steel can be used in normalised or untreated condition. Steel
91672 replaces steel 1672.91672钢是用于淬火和回火，以及相对较弱和简单零件的表面硬化。当表面硬化时，硬化深度为4毫米，是可以达到的。钢适用于标准的或未经处理的条件下。钢91672替代1672钢。
Steel 92220 can be used for medium sized parts where there are no requirements for total material hardening throughout. The steel is suitable for surface hardening. Steel 92220 replaces steel 2120. 92220钢可用于中等尺寸的零件，在整个材料硬化过程中没有任何要求。该钢是适用于表面硬化。92220钢替代2120钢。
Steel 92254 has approximately the same strength properties as steel 92225, but it is cheaper due to a different chemical composition. The steel is suitable for surface hardening. 92254钢和92225钢有大致相同的强度性能，但由于不同的化学成分它
Standard responsible (department acronym, name)
更便宜。该钢适用于表面硬化。 UTDH Markku Backholm
Steel 92245 has approximately the same strength properties as steel 92234, but it is cheaper due to a different chemical composition. The steel is suitable for surface hardening. 92245钢和92234钢有大致相同的强度性能，但由于不同的化学成分它更便宜。该钢适用于表面硬化。
Steel 92225 is used when the material strength requirements are so high that a quenching and tempering steel need to be used, at the same time as there is a requirement for a certain degree of weldability. The steel is suitable for surface hardening. Steel 92225 replaces steel 2225. 92225钢需要在淬火和回火时使用，所以它的材料强度要求很高，同时也要有一定程度上的焊接要求。该钢是适用于表面硬化。92225钢替代2225钢。
Steel 92234 is used for moderately loaded quenched and tempered parts in dimensions up to approximately 250 mm, to moderately- high loaded parts up to approximately 40 mm and highly loaded parts up to approximately 25 mm. The steel is suitable for surface hardening. Steel 92234 replaces steel 2234.
92234钢是用于中等负载的淬火和回火零件，尺寸约为250毫米，至中度大约40毫米和高度负载部分高达约25毫米。该钢是适用于表面硬化。92234钢替代2234钢。
Steel 92244 is used for medium high loaded quenched and tempered parts in dimensions up to approximately 100 mm as well as for highly loaded parts up to approximately 25 mm. The steel is suitable for surface hardening. Steel 92244 replaces steel 2244.92244钢是用于中等高负载的淬火和回火零件，尺寸高达约100毫米，及高度负载部分高达约25毫米。该钢是适用于表面硬化。92244钢替代2244钢。
Steel 92541 is used for highly loaded quenched and tempered parts in dimensions up to approximately 250 mm as well as very highly loaded parts up to approximately 50 mm. The steel is less suited for surface hardening as water cooling of parts with complicated forms entails a certain risk of crack formation. Steel 92541 replaces steel 2541. 92541钢是用于高负载的淬火和回火零件，尺寸高达约250毫米，及非常高的负载部分高达约50毫米。该钢是不适合表面硬化的，由于零件具有复杂的冷却水冷却形式，且具有一定的裂缝形成的风险。92541钢替代钢2541。
Standard responsible (department acronym, name)
Steel 92230 is used for parts with thickness exceeding 15 mm and with
UTDH Markku Backholm
requirements for good suspension properties. To some extent, the steel can be used for weaker coil springs.92230钢是用于厚度超过15毫米的零件，并具有良好的悬浮性能要求。在一定程度上，该钢可用于较弱的线圈弹簧。 1.1.1 Boron steels 硼钢
Boron steel is an alternative to certain quenching and tempering steel with a basic price that is lower than for corresponding conventional quenching and tempering steel.
硼钢是一种替代某些淬火和回火的调质钢，其基本价格低于相应的常规的淬火和回火调质钢的。
Steel 92133 is quenching and tempering steel with boron that can replace steel 92234. 92133钢是用硼来淬火和回火的调质钢，可以代替92234钢。
Steel 92138 is quenching and tempering steel with boron and hardenability between 92133 and 92139.92138钢是用硼来淬火和回火的调质钢，可硬化性在92133和92139之间。
Steel 92139 is quenching and tempering steel with boron that can replace steel 92244.92139钢是用硼来淬火和回火的调质钢，可以代替92244钢。 1.1.2 Tool steel 工具钢
Steel 92258 is originally a ball and roller bearing steel, but it is also used for a number of other applications. The steel can, to a certain extent, replace quenched and tempered steel when the requirements for toughness are not all too high. Steel 92258 replaces steel 2258.92258钢最初是一个球和滚式的轴承钢，但它也被用于一些其他应用程序。当韧性的要求不高时，该钢在一定程度上可以代替淬火和回火的调质钢。92258钢替代2258钢。
1.2 Precipitation hardening steels沉淀硬化钢
Precipitation hardening steels can in some applications replace quenching and
tempering steels. Hardening is achieved through controlled air cooling after forging, where the heat from forging is used. As a rule, the use of precipitation hardened steel results in a cost reduction in relation to quenched and tempered steel.
Precipitation hardened steels have poor impact strength compared with quenched and tempered steels.
在某些应用中，沉淀硬化钢可以代替淬火和回火的调质钢。硬化是通过控制空气冷却后使用那里热来锻造的。通常，使用沉淀硬化钢结果会比用淬火和回火调质钢成本降低，但是其具有较差的冲击强度。
Standard responsible (department acronym, name)
2.Macro inclusions宏观夹杂物 UTDH Markku Backholm
Steels in accordance with STD4153 must be delivered by steel works approved according to STD4273. 钢必需符STD4153，通过由钢铁厂颁发的可接受的STD4153。
3.Austenite grain size奥氏体晶粒尺寸
All quenched and tempered steels shall be fine grained. The average grain size in quenched and tempered state shall be maximum 60 ^m, corresponding to ISO index G=5. The largest observed grain must not be larger than 120 ^m.
The grain size shall be etched out according to SS-EN ISO 643, “Steels - Micrographic determination of the apparent grain size (ISO 643:2003) ”. 所有淬火和回火的调质钢均为微细晶粒。淬火和回火态的平均晶粒尺寸为60^m，对应的ISO指数为5。最大的观察到的细粒度不得大于120^m。 晶粒尺寸应根据SS-EN ISO 643来被腐蚀，“表面晶粒度尺寸（ISO 643:2003）由钢的显微测定来决定。” 4. Reduction factor 折减系数
The reduction factor of the cross-sectional area in bars and before forging shall generally be not less than 6. 在杆和锻造前的横截面的面积的折减系数一般不小于6。
5. Requirements of hardenability可硬化性能力的要求
When steels are specified with no requirements in regard to hardenability, the chemical composition requirement according to section 6, “Chemical
composition”must be fulfilled. 钢在可硬化性方面没有要求，化学成分的要求在第6节的，必须满足“化学成分”的要求。
When steels are specified with requirements of hardenability according to band H (Harden-ability) or with restricted hardenability according to band HL
(Hardenability Low) or band HH (Hardenability High), the harden-ability values in section 14.2 ”Hardenability according to Jominy?shall be applicable in addition to the requirements of chemical composition according to section 6 “Chemical composition”
See example in section 16, ”Material indication on drawing? 当钢是根据带H要求可硬化性规定（硬性能力）或者根据带HL（低可硬化性能力）或波段HH（可硬化性能力高），可硬化性能力值在第14.2节“根据端淬可硬化性能力？应适用于所规定的化学成分见第16节的第6条“化学成分”，“图纸上有指明材料吗？
标准4153中文翻译
