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2020下半年翻译资格考试二级笔译练习题
残雪断想
岑桑
残雪不甘沦落，东一堆，西一堆，在那坑坑洼洼的地方，还积得老深，散发出令人战栗的寒气。
所以，你还不相信隆冬已尽，春天已经来临了吗?
那时候，朔风凛冽，周天寒彻，我们这个世界埋在坚冰底下，气息奄奄。人间是喑哑的，欢乐和树林一起凋零了。希望蜷伏在冻土的深处冬眠;生活的光彩都已褪尽，歌声都已隐没，只有叹息，只有风声和寒鸦的啼叫。人们心都碎了，神经都麻木了。绿色的信念随着枯枝败叶慢慢地枯萎，如果说世界还有鲜丽的色彩留存，指的也许就是雪原之上的斑斑血迹了。
那简直是一个漫长的冰川时期呵!
长夜里，人们习惯于在苦寒和无望中生活，以致到了冰消春暖的时光，对于时序的迁流，竟还有人木然不敢置信。
莫非正是因为这样，你才不相信春光就在眼前?
残雪不甘逝去，这里一摊，那里一摊;在那背着阳光的角落.还积得很厚，发出咄咄逼人的余威。
所以，你还不承认隆冬已尽，春天已经来临了吗?
那时候，千里冰封，万里雪飘，我们这个世界委实凝结得太久太久了。人们屈处于冰雪的淫威之下，痛苦地期待着、期待着。对于春天的渴望，使他们焦灼得快要撕裂自己的胸膛。
啊，什么时候，才有彩蝶蹁跹，才见群莺飞舞?什么时候呵，才让繁花竞放，树木葱茏，蜂房酿满蜜汁，人心注满情谊……
美丽的期待，在人们心怀里跳荡不安;因为生活荒凉已久，谁也难以继续忍受了。人们祈求一夜之间冰化雪消，花繁叶茂;而坚冰毕竟太厚，最初的春色毕竟还不够浓艳。现实并无点化而成的奇迹，得以满足人们可以理解的迫切心愿，以致到了飞燕衔泥的时光，竟还有人感觉不到如今已是换了人间。
莫非正是由于这样，你才不承认春光就在眼前?
残雪以它白皑皑的回光，刺痛我们的眼睛;然而它正在崩溃，再也堆不起几个雪罗汉了。
残雪以它冷冰冰的神态，傲然盘踞在依旧可容立足的东边一角、西边一隅;然而它正在没落，再也不能无休无止地扼杀大地的生机了。
残雪呵，你是丑恶势力绝不甘心退隐的明证;也是它摆脱不掉败亡命运的象征。你是属于冬天的，有着冷酷而凌厉的秉性;然而你以自身残缺的形象，反证了春的胜利，我们因之得以透过你的寒光，探寻到切切实实的春意。
隆冬溃退了，残雪是为它殿后的。
时间无情，却也深情，它让该死的死，该生的生;让该诅咒的归于毁灭，该赞美的郁郁葱葱。
春天从天外轻盈地飞了回来，化作柔风和云雀。
春天从地里悄悄地冒了出来，化作草叶和芽苗。
春天从山间喧闹地奔了过来，化作溪流、河川和波光潋滟的湖泊。
春天化作一千一万种生命的形式;还化作歌声，还化作微笑，还化作温暖和美丽的色彩……
久违了，春天，你这生机萌发的美妙时节!今天我们贴起挥春，挂起灯笼，架起高矗的彩楼，点起不眠的灯火;孩子们还烧起他们的爆竹和烟花，姑娘们还戴起她们的蝴蝶结，穿起她们的花衣裳，高高兴兴，衷心把你欢迎。
哈哈，春天，唱不尽的大好时光!比起我们对你如此激动的情怀，这一切加起来又算得上什么?
我想最好还是用我们刚刚苏醒过来的希望，来把你欢迎吧!
我想最好还是用我们刚刚升腾而起的志气，来把你欢迎吧!
我们要用自己的志气，把希望点燃，煽得它通明透亮，煽得它烈焰飞扬，把那希望的火炬高高举起，插上泰山之顶，树在昆仑之巅。
残雪啊残雪，当希望之火越烧越旺，我们将怀着宽慰的心情，看见你呵，你这隆冬的余孽终于彻彻底底溶人泥泞，坠于沟壑，化作摊摊污水。
就在那样的时刻，我们那绿色的梦幻，将会在现实中明确无误地呈现出来，一天浓似一天，一层浓似一层……
The Melting Snow
Cen Sang
Unwilling to be driven from the streets, the heavy snow piles sit here and there in the bumpy places, looking stubborn and rough. It is piled so deep and gives off a chilling air that makes people tremble.
Don’t you believe that the cold winter has ended and spring has come?
At that time, as the biting north wind blew, nature appeared to be frozen solid. Buried under the hard crust of snow, the world gasped in exhaustion. The world has dumb and the pleasure of the rich forests had faded. Hope had curled up and hidden away in the depths of the frozen earth to pass its winter in hibernation. The pleasure of life had withered and the songs had died down too, leaving only the sighs, howling wind the cry of jackdaws. Men became heart-broken and their senses dulled. The hope of green life gradually withered away with the dry twigs and brittle leaves. The only fresh colour in the world were the blood stains on the snow-covered field.
It was simply like that the ice age had returned!
During the long nights, people were used to a hopeless and miserable life. When the warmth of spring finally arrived and snow melted, some people were too numb to believe in the passing of time.
Is it because of winter that you do not believe in spring?
In piles here and there, the snow was stubborn to melt away. And in the corners where the sun spent little or no time, the snow remained thick and threatening.
So, why don’t you believe that the cold winter has passed and spring has arrived?
Then it was a time of a hundred leagues locked in ice and ten thousand leagues of whirling snow. The world was in fact still frozen and silenced by the force of the ice and snow. Man was forced to wait in pain. The eagerness for the coming of spring made them anxious to the point of tearing their chests open.
Oh, when would the colourful butterflies be whirling about again? When would the orioles be flying around? When would the flowers blossom, the trees turn green, the bee hives overflow wither sweet honey, and the human heart be full of the ties of friendship?...
Beautiful expectations are dancing in our hearts, for life has been so desolate for so long and nobody can bear it any longer. We sincerely hope that the snow melt overnight, and the flowers and leaves flourish. But the warmth of spring is not yet enough to melt the hard, thick ice. No wonder that even after the swallows are darting about, there are still some people who are not yet convinced that the world is changing. And there are those men who are only satisfied in their eagerness to understand this feeling through touch.
Is it just because of this that you don’t believe spring is before your eyes?
The sun’s reflection of the melting snow is blinding our eyes. However, it is slowly melthing and no longer can you build a snowman with it.
With a chilly gesture, the melting snow still settles in this corner and that corner, trying its best to keep a foothold to life. However, the melting weather is too warm for the snow, so it finally surrendered to spring.
The remainder of snow, you are a proof of the ugly force that desperately attempts to force itself upon the earth when it should retreat. You are also a symbol of the impossible escape from its doomed fate. You belong to winter with your cold-blooded and untamed character. However, you are also a proof in the triumph of spring with your dissolving appearance. We can see the real spring atmosphere through your chilly, bleak light.
The cold winter has retreated, and the melting snow is its real guard.
Time is ruthless yet full of feeling. Those which must die, die; and those which should live, live. It curses those which should be cursed and turns green those which be praised.
Spring drifts in lightly from beyond the sky in the form of gentle breeze and skylarks.
Spring silently oozes from under the earth in the form of grass, leaves and fresh shoots.
Spring rushes up from mountain valleys, in the form of streams, riverbeds and lakes with shining ripples.
Spring changes into countless life forms, into songs, smiles and warm and beautiful colours…
We have been longing for you, spring. You are that wonderful season when life beings. Today, we put on spring couplets, hang up lanterns and colourful decorations over gateways, light the ever-burning lamps to usher you in! The children light their firecrackers and fireworks, and girls put on their butterfly hair ties and wear their colourful dresses to cheerfully usher you in with complete happiness.
Oh, spring, you are the best season and are beyond words to describe. You are so wonderful that even when our exciting affection towards you is put together, it still amounts to so little.
It’s better to greet you with our hope which has just been recovered!
It’s better to greet you with our will which has just sprung up!
We should light hope with will and let it shine bright as the flames dance in the wind. Let us hold high the torch of hope, put it at the top of both the Taishan Mountain and the Kunlun Mountain.
Melting snow, as the fire of hope burns brighter and brighter, we watch you with a consoling heart. You are the residue of a cold winter that eventually melts and sinks deep into the earth and fills the ditches and pools with dirty water.
It is at this moment that our dream of green manifests itself into reality and grows stronger and stronger with each passing day.
2020下半年翻译资格考试二级笔译练习题
Working Alongside Bosses Encourages Female Staff to Dress for the Job They Want, Study Says
There are full of distractions, from chatty colleagues to incessantly ringing phones. But it seems open-plan offices also hold another source of stress for women – their appearance.
Modern open workspaces put women under pressure to dress up, buy elegant clothes and wear make-up, a study has found.
Rubbing shoulders with bosses in one shared office may encourage women to dress for the job they want. This means looking ‘conventionally business-like and feminine’, the researchers said.
But standards of dress may also rise because there are so many people to impress. Researchers at Anglia Ruskin University and the University of Bedfordshire spent three years studying the behavior of around 1,000 employees.
Interviews with female local authority staff, who moved from small, separate offices into a large shared space, found they felt ‘there isn’t anywhere that you don’t feel watched’.
Alison Hirst, of Anglia Ruskin’s Lord Ashcroft International Business School, said: ‘When changing from a more closed, compartmentalized office space to a new open-plan [office]… workers were more conscious of their visibility and often found this unsettling rather than liberating.
‘Women in particular felt anxious about the idea of being constantly watched, and felt they had to dress in a certain way.’
In the study, published in the journal Gender, Work and Organisation, Dr Hirst described women dressing more smartly and spending more on clothes after moving to an open-plan office in an organization where senior female managers were known for their smart attire.
A learning and development manager in the office said: ‘People’s level of dress just went up… people seemed to have more respect for themselves.’ Another staff member said she swapped her cardigan for a jacket and spent a lot of money on clothes.
真的吗?女性在开放办公室更注重着装打扮
办公室里充斥着让人分心的人和事，有闲聊的同事，还有此起彼伏的电话铃声。不过，开放式办公室似乎还带给女性另一种压力——她们的外表。
一项研究发现，现代的开放式办公室带给女性的这种压力迫使她们对衣着更加讲究、购买考究的服装，还会化妆。
在共享的办公空间与老板擦肩而过这种事可能会鼓励女性职员为了得到想要的职位而讲究穿着，这意味着她们要看起来“符合职场惯例且女性化”。
但是，因为要取悦太多人，所以穿衣的标准可能也在提高。安格利亚鲁金斯大学和贝德福德大学的研究人员花费了三年时间研究了大约1000名职员的穿着行为。
研究人员从与地方政府女性职员的访谈中发现，她们从单独的办公室搬到开放的大办公室之后，感到“随处都有人在看你”。
安格利亚鲁金斯大学国际商学院的艾莉森·赫斯特说：“从更私密的隔离办公室搬到新的开放式办公室时，员工会更注意个人形象，而且觉得这种状况让人心烦，不自在。”
“对总是被人看到这件事，女性尤其感到焦虑，她们觉得自己不得不穿成某种样子。”
这篇研究报告发表在《性格、工作与组织》期刊上。赫斯特博士在其中称，在资深的女性管理者以其时尚穿着著称的机构里，搬到开放式办公室时，女性职员会穿得更加时髦漂亮，也会花更多的钱来置装。
一位办公培训和发展经理说：“人们的穿着水平提升了，看起来更加尊重自己。”还有位职员说，她把羊毛开衫换成了短外套，还花了一大笔钱买衣服。
2020下半年翻译资格考试二级笔译练习题
Tips for Your Healthy Autumn
Do eat moist food. According to traditional Chinese medicine, autumn corresponds to the lungs of the human body. The lungs are especially vulnerable to the influence of dryness. The most convenient and easy way to nourish lungs in autumn is to drink more water. In addition, you can adopt the diet therapy of traditional Chinese medicine, eating some food with moisture, like pear, yam, sugar cane and duck meat.
Do have digestible food. People’s spleen and stomach functions are weakened because of the raw and cold food they had during the long, hot summer. So in autumn, you should give your spleen and stomach a rest. For example, you can choose some nutritious food that is easy to digest, such as fish, red bean, lotus root and kelp.
Do take vitamin supplements. Vitamins play an important role in the body’s immune system. The number and vitality of immune cells are related to vitamins when the body resists foreign invasion. It is recommended that you eat plenty of fresh vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C, such as kiwi and oranges.
Don’t eat irritating food. In autumn, the immune function of the human body will be significantly weakened, people should eat less irritating food, like spicy food and cold food, which could cause some ulcers and inflammation in the intestinal tract.
Don’t take too many health tonics. Some people choose to take tonics to improve their immune system in autumn. But that can be too much burden for human body.
Sleep is important for people to restore their physical strength, ensure their health and enhance their immunity. The autumn weather is cool and suitable for a good night’s sleep.
Therefore, in autumn, it is suggested that you go to bed at 9 pm, or try to fall asleep before 11 o’clock. According to traditional Chinese medicine, autumn represents yin. Yang Qi, the Yang spirit, is deficient and Yin Qi, the Yin spirit, is the most abundant at Zishi (11 pm-1 am). So if you sleep at that time, you can nourish yin while having a sound sleep.
People are usually recommended to sleep at least 8 hours every day, and those who are physically weak and sick should appropriately increase sleep time.
To stay energetic throughout the day in autumn, it is an ideal way to do two or three high-intensity exercises a week, with low-intensity fitness workouts, such as yoga, walking or weight-bearing training, in between. Even if you are not tired, you will feel relaxed if you have a few limb stretches.
秋季到了这份养生攻略请收好
吃润肺食物。中医说，秋天人体的肺气最旺，干燥最伤肺。秋天养肺最简便的方法就是多喝水。你也可以按中医饮食疗法吃一些润肺食物，比如梨、山药、甘蔗和鸭肉。
吃容易消化的食物。因为在漫长的炎夏吃了太多生冷食物，人的脾胃功能变弱了。所以在秋季应该让你的脾胃休养一下。比如，你可以吃一些容易消化的有营养的食物，比如鱼、红豆、莲藕和海藻。
补充维生素。维生素在人体的免疫系统中扮演重要的角色。人体在抵抗外界疾病入侵时，维生素能保持免疫细胞的数量和活力。建议你吃大量富含维生素C的新鲜蔬菜水果，比如猕猴桃和橘子。
不要吃刺激性食物。在秋天，人体抵抗力大大降低，因此人们应该少吃刺激性食物，比如辛辣生冷食物，此类食物会引发胃溃疡和肠炎。
不要吃太多补品。有些人选择吃补品来增强免疫力。但吃太多补品对人体来说是负担。
睡眠是人们恢复体力，保障健康，提高免疫力的重要方式。秋季天气凉爽，有助于人们安眠。
因此，在秋季，建议晚上9点睡觉，或在11点前入睡。按中医的说法，秋季属阴。人在子时(晚上11点到凌晨1点)阳气最弱，阴气最足。所以如果你在这个时间段睡觉可以养阴，并拥有优质睡眠。
我们通常建议每个人每天睡8个小时，体弱者和病人应该适当增加睡眠时间。
秋天到了，为了保证一整天都精力充沛，最好每周做两到三次高强度运动，佐以几次低强度的健身锻炼，比如瑜伽、走步或承重训练。就算你不累，随意伸展一下四肢也会让你感觉放松一些。
2020下半年翻译资格考试二级笔译练习题
The Metamorphosis of Silicon Valley C.E.O.s: From Big to Boring
When Joe Barton, a Republican congressman from Texas, greeted Jack Dorsey at a congressional hearing last week, he sounded flummoxed.
“I don’t know what a Twitter C.E.O. should look like,” Mr. Barton said. “But you don’t look like what a C.E.O. of Twitter should look like.”
The congressman had a point. Mr. Dorsey – who sported a nose ring, a popped-collar shirt and a craggy Moses beard – looked more like a hipster version of a Civil War officer than a tech icon. Yet more striking than his look was his manner before skeptical lawmakers.
Faced with tough questions, Mr. Dorsey did not mount an aggressive defense of his company and his technology, as an earlier generation of tech leader might have. Instead, he demurred, conceded mistakes and generally engaged in a nuanced and seemingly heartfelt colloquy on the difficulties of managing tech in a complex world. Even in response to Mr. Barton’s comment about his look, Mr. Dorsey was solicitous. “My mom agrees with you,” he said.
Mr. Dorsey’s testimony prompted questions about what we expect from tech leaders today –and how thoroughly what we expect has been upturned in the last few years. Since the 1980s, a common leadership archetype has loomed over the tech business: Steve Jobs and Bill Gates. Sometimes unconsciously and often deliberately, a generation of tech leaders attempted to ape the Apple and Microsoft founders’ charisma, their quirks, their style and above all their irrepressible, hard-charging confidence, to say nothing of arrogance.
Mr. Dorsey returned to a company he co-founded in order to save it – has long drawn comparisons to Mr. Jobs. Yet the congressional testimony marked a surprising rhetorical shift. Instead of the black-turtlenecked Mr. Jobs, Mr. Dorsey sounded more like Tim Cook, the understated operations manager who replaced him (and who is holding his umpteenth iPhone event on Wednesday).
That is, Mr. Dorsey sounded less like a quotable visionary who can see beyond the horizon and more like what he actually is and ought to be – a thoughtful, accessible, transparent and, despite the beard and nose ring, kind of boring manager of a serious company whose decisions have world-changing consequences.
When it comes to tech C.E.O.s, boring is the new black. Under the glare of global scrutiny, the daring, win-at-all-costs ethos that defined so much of the tech industry in the last couple of decades has been undergoing a thorough metamorphosis.
后乔布斯时代的硅谷领袖：平淡无奇是一种新时尚
当德克萨斯州共和党众议员乔·巴顿在上周的国会听证会上开始向杰克·多尔西提问时，这位议员听起来有点困惑。
“我不知道Twitter的首席执行官该是什么样子，”巴顿说，“但你看上去不像是Twitter首席执行官应该有的样子。”
这位国会议员说的有道理。戴着一枚鼻环、穿着一件翻领衬衫、留着一把摩西式大胡子的多尔西，看上去更像是美国内战时代军官的潮人翻版，而不是科技偶像。然而，比他的外表更异乎寻常的，是他在持怀疑态度的立法者们面前表现的举止。
面对严厉质问时，多尔西没有像上一代科技领袖们可能做的那样，为自己的公司和自己的科技大力辩护，而是表达怀疑，承认错误，并就在一个复杂世界中管理科技的困难与议员们展开了一场细致入微、似乎发自内心的对话。就连回应巴顿对自己外貌的评论时，多尔西也表现出一种对他人的关切。“我妈妈同意你的看法。”他说。
多尔西的听证会表现，引发了有关我们如今对科技行业领袖做何期待的问题，以及我们的期待在过去几年里发生了怎样彻底的转变。自20世纪80年代起，科技行业赫然耸现的常见领袖典型是史蒂夫·乔布斯和比尔·盖茨。一代科技领导们曾试图模仿苹果和微软创始人的魅力，模仿他们的怪癖、他们的风格，尤其是他们十足的、全力进取的信心，更不用说他们的傲慢。这种模仿有时是无意识的，但通常是故意的。
人们长久以来一直把多尔西与乔布斯相比，与已故的乔布斯一样，多尔西为了挽救自己参与创建的公司，重返公司工作。然而，他在国会听证会上的言辞标志着一个令人惊讶的转变。多尔西听起来不像是穿着黑色高领套头衫的乔布斯，而更像是蒂姆·库克，也就是接替了乔布斯的那位行事低调的运营经理人。(周三，他将举行自己的第无数次iPhone发布会)。
也就是说，多尔西听起来不大像一位视野超越地平线的、时有名言警句的预言家，而更像他实际上的本人和他应该成为的人——一个关心别人、易于接近的、透明的人，而且，尽管他留着胡子、带着鼻环，多尔西更像一个重要公司的无聊经理人，做出改变世界的决策。
当涉及科技行业首席执行官时，平淡无奇是一种新时髦。在全球的密切关注之下，过去几十年里定义了科技行业大部分的那种大胆、不惜一切代价取胜的信念，正在经历一个彻底的质变。