Chapter 6
Directions: Please fill in the following blanks with appropriate information.
1. English Romanticism is generally defined to begin in 1798 with the publication
of William Wordsworth and Samuel Coleridge’s _________________, and end in 1832 with ______________’s death and the passage of the first Reform Bill in Parliament. (Lyrical Ballads, Sir Walter Scott) 2. The Romanticists split into two groups because of the different attitudes toward
the capitalist society. Some romanticists reflected the thinking of those classes which had been ruined by the bourgeoisie. They returned to the feudal past and idealized the life of the Middle Ages to protest against capitalist development. They are considered to be conservative and passive romanticists who are represented by ____________, ____________, and ___________. (William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Robert Southey) 3. Other romanticists expressed the aspiration of the laboring classes. They held
out an ideal of future society free from oppression and exploitation. They were the firm supporters of the French Revolution, who are represented by ____________, ____________, and ____________. They are considered to be radical and active romanticists. (George Gordon Byron, Percy Bysshe Shelly, John Keats) 4. Unlike enlighteners who celebrate reason and rationality, romanticists paid
great attention to the spiritual and emotional life of man. Personified nature plays an important role in the pages of their works. They are characterized with 5 I’s: _________, _________, _________, _________, and _________. (imagination, intuition, idealism, inspiration, individuality) 5. “All good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling … recollected
in tranquility” is the poetry principle proclaimed by Wordsworth. It’s taken from _______________, the publishing of which marks the beginning of British Romanticism. (Lyrical Ballads) 6. ______________ is considered “the father of the historical novel” which opens
up to fiction the rich and lively realm of history. He is best known for his work___________. (Sir Walter Scott, Ivanhoe)
7. The literary form which is fully developed and the most flourishing during the
Romantic Period is _________. (poetry)
8. Romanticism declined in the mid ________ century. Romantic poetry gave way to
_________ works and romantic prose was superseded by ________ and ________ in
th
the mid to late 19th century. (19, symbolist, naturalism, realism ) 9. Pre-romanticism and Romanticism originated among the conservative groups of men
of letters as a reaction against Enlightenment and found its most expression in the“Gothic novel”. But the more important pre-romanticist writers are the two famous poets, ____________and ___________. (William Blake, Robert Burns) 10. ___________________is regarded as the founder and forerunner of pre-romanticism.
His works are reputed for its originality and inventiveness in form and
techniques. (William Blake)
11. Of all the romantic poets of the 18th century, ___________ is the most
independent and the most original. His best poems are collected in Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience. (William Blake) 12. The best of William Blake’s short poems are to be found in these two little
collections of lyrics, __________________and ____________________. The former depicts the happy condition of a child before it knows about the pains of existence, in which lies the beauty and virtues, while the latter with an entirely different theme, draw pictures of the distress and sufferings of the miserable.(Songs of Innocence, Songs of Experience)
13. The stanza “A little black thing in the snow, /Crying “’weep! ’weep!” in
notes of woe! / “Where are thy father and mother Say!”/ - “They are both gone up to the church to pray. /” is taken from _____________by __________. In this poem, the color images of ________ and _______ make a perfect comparison. (“The Chimney Sweeper”, William Blake, black, white) 14. ___________ is regarded as the native poet of Scotland, who wrote in the Scottish
dialect. He also created many lyrics praising nature, love, and friendship. Most of them are collected in the anthology ____________. (Robert Burns; Poems ,Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect) 15. The rhyme scheme in the stanza “Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear, /And the
rocks melt wi’ the sun! /And I will luve thee still, my dear, / While the sands o’ life shall run.” is ____________. (a-b-a-b)
16. In the stanza “Farewell to the Highlands, farewell to the North, / The
birthplace of Valor, the country of Worth; / Wherever I wander, wherever I rove, / The hills of the Highlands forever I love.”, “farewell”, “valor”, and “rove” respectively mean _________, _________, and _________. (“say goodbye”, “courage” or “bravery”, “wander” or “roam”)
17. ___________ wrote some patriotic poems, in which he expressed his deep love for
his motherland, such as “My Heart’s in the Highlands”. (Robert Burns) 18. __________, __________, and __________ are referred to as the “Lake Poets”
because they lived in the Lake District in the northwestern part of England. (William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Robert Southey)
19. In “She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways”, ________ depicts a life of obscurity
about a beautiful girl named _________. (William Wordsworth, Lucy)
20. The stanza “No Nightingale did ever chaunt / More welcome notes to weary bands,
/ Of travelers in some shady haunt, / Among Arabian sands: /A voice so thrilling ne’er was heard / In spring-time from the Cuckoo-bird, / Breaking the silence of the sea /Among the farthest Hebrides.” is taken from _________by _________. Here, “chaunt”, “weary”, and “shady haunt” respectively mean _________, _________, and _________. (“The Solitary Reaper”, William Wordsworth, “chant”, “tired” , “oasis in the desert”)
21. ___________ is probably the best poet of Lake Poets in depicting nature. His
“Daffodils”, also called ______________ described his unexpected encounter with the daffodils sparkling beside the lake. (William Wordsworth, “I Wandered
Lonely as a Cloud”)
22. In 1824, the Revolutionary Romantic poet ________went to Greece to help that
country in its struggle for liberty against Turks. Not long, he died of fever there. (George Gordon Byron)
23. George Gordon Byron is chiefly known for his two long poems: Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage and ________. (Don Juan)
24. As a leading Romanticist, Byron’s chief contribution is his creation of the
_________, a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin, strong build, with disrespect for privilege or tradition and an idealism to right all the wrong in a corrupt society. The figure is, to some extent, modeled on the life and personality of Byron himself, and makes Byron famous both at home and abroad. (Byronic Hero)
25. As one of the active Romanticists in England, __________was gentle and kind by
nature. He glorified freedom, exposed tyranny and expressed his sympathy for the oppressed. His best poem is often believed to be _______________, in which the west wind is seen as the embodiment of revolution spirit. (Percy Bysshe Shelley; “Ode to the West Wind”)
26. “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind” is an epigrammatic
line by ___________. (P. B. Shelley)
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27. The plot of Shelley’s lyrical drama __________________ is borrowed from a play
of the Greek tragedian Aeschylus. (Prometheus Unbound)
28. The rhetoric device used in “Drive my dead thoughts over the universe / Like
withered leaves to quicken a new birth!” is _____________. (simile/personification)
29. ____________ (a poetic form) are generally regarded as Keats’ most important
and mature works. (The odes) 30. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty.” is a famous line from “Ode on a Grecian Urn”
by _________. (John Keats) 31. During the Romantic period, American literature began to flourish and shook free
from the dependence on English literature, which is called America’s __________________. (Renaissance)
32. The center of America’s Romanticism is in _________________. America’s
Romanticism found its main expression in ___________. Ralph Waldo Emerson is regarded as the founder and cheerleader of New England Transcendentalism, the summit of American Romanticism. With its emphasis on spirit and individualism, Transcendentalism made a tremendous impact on the intellectual life of America. (New England, Transcendentalism)
33. In “The Poetic Principle”, Edgar Allan Poe declares __________is the aim of
poetry and ___________is the most perfect tone. He concludes _______and _______ could make intimate alliance, thus the death of a beautiful woman is the most poetic is a poem in memory of a beautiful woman, which is a perfect combination of _______ and _______. (beauty, melancholy, death and beauty, “To Helen”, death and beauty)
34. In the stanza “Lo! in yon brilliant window-niche / How statue-like I see thee
Chapter 6 复习题答案
