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第三课
亲密的, 隐私的 1. count on: to rely on； depend on an intimate letter. 依靠，依赖
私人信件 You can count on my help. initial
你可以依赖我的帮助 最初的, 词首的, 初始的 4. available adj. the initial issue of a magazine 可用到的, 可利用的,
杂志的创刊号 Chinese commodities available for Incredible export are varied.
难以置信的
中国可供出口的商品种类繁多。 gave an incredible explanation of the I'm sorry, those overcoats are not cause of the accident available in your colour and size. 20. look into
对不起,这种外套没有你要的颜色向...的里面看, 窥视； 浏览；观察, 和尺码。
调查
The lawyer is not available now. run into 偶然遇见，偶然发现 遭律师现在没空。 遇，陷入（某件事） approachable
ran into an old friend. 可接近的, 平易近人的, 亲切的 与一个老朋友不期而遇
You'll find the headmaster a very His net worth runs into seven figures. approachable person.
他的净值达到了七位数
你将会发现校长十分平易近人。 come into 继承, 获得（遗产）；开9. recall:回忆, 回想, 记起, 取消 始；进入
Recall the misery of the past and Tom came into a fortune when his contrast it with the happiness of uncle died.
today.
汤姆的叔叔去世后,他得到一大笔\想想过去的苦,比比今天的甜。\钱。
retain:保持, 保留
put into 使进入, 把...翻译成 retain an appearance of youth 30. doubt的用法
保有年轻的外貌 1. doubt当动词时,在<肯定句>中后remind:提醒, 使想起 面可接if或whether。
Remind me to write to Mother. 在否定句及疑问句中可跟that从提醒我给妈妈写信。 句。有时在<肯定句>中也能跟thatThis reminds me of last year. 从句,但其含义是\恐怕...不会\。 这使我想起去年的事。 doubt if (或 whether) he will win. 12. intensively adv. 我怀疑他能否赢。
强烈地, 集中地 don''t doubt that he will win. intensive reading 精读 我毫不怀疑他会成功。 intensive farming Do you doubt that he will win? 细耕农业, 集约农业
你怀疑他会成功吗? originally adv. 最初, 原先 I doubt that he will win. originally named Johnston. 恐怕他赢不了。 他原本名叫庄士顿 2. doubt of
19. intimate adj.
对...抱怀疑或悲观态度。 The project began badly and we dou
范文范例 学习指导
bt of its further progress.
这项工程开始就不顺利,我们怀疑能否继续进行。
3. no doubt后接that从句或介词of。
We have no doubt that you will succeed.
We have no doubt of your success. 我们毫不怀疑你会成功。 There is (It is 误) no doubt that you will succeed.
毫无疑问你会成功。 33.虚拟语气
it作形式主语，后面用形容词作表语，即在it is + adj.这样的句型中，当描述主语的表语形容词是advisable, critical，crucial, desirable, essential, imperative, important, incredible,
inevitable,
necessary,
recommend, strange, urgent等形容词时，主语从句的谓语动词多用虚拟语气，如果是现在时，谓语动词用
should/would +动词原形(should/would经常省略)；如果是过去时，则用should/would + have done的形式。
虚拟语气: 一、虚拟语气用于名词性从句 1>虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。 ① “wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would / could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”或“could (should) + have + 过去分词”。例如：
I wish that the rain would stop. ② 在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”或是“动词原形”。例如：
word格式精心整理版
The teacher suggested that we 来状况则用过去将来时。例如： (should) clean the blackboard after She loves the children in the class.
kindergarten as if they were her ③Would (had) rather, would just as own.
soon, would sooner, would prefer + 2> 虚拟语气用于句型“It is (about / 从句结构
high) time (that)...”中，定语从句的这几个句型都表示一种“婉转的责谓语动词用一般过去时 (be用were) 备”，谓语动词用过去式表示现在或或should + 动词原形。例如： 将来，用过去完成式表示与过去事It is high time (that) we began to 实相反。例如：
work.
I'd rather (that) she stayed at home 3>虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹in such a bad health condition. 句中。例如：
④expect, believe, think, suspect, If only he could come tomorrow. imagine等动词的否定或疑问形式4>虚拟语气用在“for fear that”引起的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should + 的状语从句中,其形式为should +动动词原形。例如：
词原形（should不能省略）。例如： I never expected that the problem She put a blanket over that baby for should be so complicated.
fear that he should catch cold.
2>虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从第四课
句中的运用。
作表示建议、要求、命令等名词的21、独立主格结构在句中作状语，表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的有自己的逻辑主语, 表示一种伴随谓语动词用“（should） + 动词原的动作或情况。
形”。例如：
主语+（副词、介词短语、形容词短It is my proposal that he be sent to 语、现在分词、过去分词、动词不study further abroad．
定式）+其它。
3>虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。 22. consist of 由…构成： 在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语 consist in 在于
气用“should + 动词原形”的结构，The beauty of the plan consists in its 表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。simplicity.
常用的形容词：natural， necessary， 这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。 important， urgent， probable， consist with 一致，符合 desirable， advisable, essential，常Theory should consist with practice. 用的过去分词：required, demanded, 理论应与实践相一致。
suggested, ordered recommended,。30. lay off: 解雇员工; lay down:放例如：
弃并投降;规定 …rules; lay out:设It’s necessary that we should have a 计;展览
walk now.
49. on behalf of 代表, 为了; on 二、虚拟语气在其他场合的运用 sb.'s behalf 以某人的名义; 为了1>虚拟语气在as if / as though、even 某人; 代表某人
if / even though等引导的表语从句My husband could not be here 或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动tonight, but l want to thank you on 作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指his behalf.
现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将
我丈夫今晚因故不能前来, 我代表
范文范例 学习指导
他向你们致谢。
51. access:通路, 访问, 入门; have access to: 有通路，有可能，有权利 The only access to the town is across the bridge.
到镇上唯一的通路是经过一座桥。 Citizens may have free accessto the library.
市民可以自由使用图书馆。 54. for fear that 唯恐, 害怕; In case 万一
Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot.
倘若太阳很利害，你就把帽子戴上。 in case of 如果；万一 In case of rain they can't go. 万一下雨，他们就不能去了。 56.run down 停掉，耗尽,筋疲力尽 The alarm clock finally ran down. 闹钟终于停了
run into 偶然遇见，偶然发现;遭遇，陷入（某件事） ran into trouble 陷入麻烦 run through 穿透，刺穿
run over: 碾过; 与…相撞、撞倒，浏览
The car ran over a child. 那辆汽车碾过了孩子
run over a speech before giving it. 演说之前浏览一下演讲稿
第五课
25. event 事件;社交场合，活动; （体育运动） 比赛项目; 结果；accident 意外事件, 事故；incident 事件, 事变。
33. survive幸免于, 幸存, 生还 Few survived after the flood. 洪水过后，生还者极少。
The man was very ill, but he survived.
这个人病得很厉害，可是他活下来了。
He survived his wife for many years.
word格式精心整理版
他比妻子多活好多年。(outlive,live 副词＋as＋代词和行为动词 longer than ) 例如：
倒装结构: Please take notes while listening to 学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分the report.
倒装。如何区分之，编个顺口溜：When explaining it to her, you should 副(adv.)介(prep．)提前全倒装，其be patient.
它句式部分倒；否定提前倒助动，40. decline：To express polite refusal.让步状语倒表语；复合句式倒主句婉拒，谢绝
不倒装的属特殊。
reject 拒绝; 否决, 驳回, 丢弃 refuse 拒绝, 谢绝; 表示不情愿（做A、Here comes the bus．(副词提前，某事)
全倒装)
45. accuse:控告, 谴责, 非难 B、Here he comes.(代词作主语，不The police accused him of murder. 倒装)
警方指控他谋杀。
C、In front of the house lies a charge:使承担;收费; 控告 （ in garden.(介词短语提前，全倒装) charge of: 负责）
D、Never shall I do this again.(否定词charged him with the task of 提前，部分倒装)
watching the young swimmers. E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让使他承担起看护年轻游泳者的任务 步状语从句，表语倒装
The police charged him with car theft. F、Only when he told me did I realize Critics charged the writer with a lack what trouble he was in．(only 修饰of originality.
状语，主句倒装
警方以偷车罪指控他。评论家指责G、Only he can save the patient.(only这位作家缺少独创性 修饰主语．不倒装)
47. account for 导致，引起 H、Not only will help be given to Bad weather accounted for the long people,but also medical treatment delay.
will be provided.(否定词提前，部分长期的延缓是因为坏天气 倒装
做出解释，说明：
第六课
The suspect couldn't account for his 2. condemn sb.'s behaviour 谴责某time that night.
人的举动
嫌疑犯不能说明那天晚上他的时间condemn sb. to death 判某人死刑 安排
lecture:严肃地劝导或责备 count on： rely on; depend on:依靠，He always lecturs me about my 依赖：
manners.
You can count on my help. 总是训斥我的礼貌
你可以依赖我的帮助
reflects on her country's place in 56. Angry as he was, he had to smile. history.
Child as he is, he knows a lot of 思考她的国家在历史上的地位 things.
3. run out:用完；耗尽： 用带as的倒装结构表示让步意义，Our supplies finally ran out. 表示强烈的对照。 我们的供给终于耗尽了 补语＋代词和系动词
逐出：强使离去；驱逐：
范文范例 学习指导
We ran him out of town. 期满：因期满或疏漏而无效： an insurance policy that had run out. 已过期的保险单 5. much less 更不用说 I can hardly walk, much less run. 我几乎走不动，更不用说跑了。 much more 更何况
\is difficult to understand his theses, much more his lectures.\“他写的论文很难懂,他的讲座就更难懂了。
14. figure out 算出；了解 We must figure out how to solve the problem.
我们必须想出解决这个问题的办法。
I couldn't figure out who the lady with the sunglasses was.
我想不出那位戴墨镜的夫人是谁。 18. convict vt.（常与of连用）证明有…罪；
He was convicted of murder. 他被判犯有谋杀罪。 25. substitute A for B 用A代 B substitute sb. by [with] another 用别人接替某人
28. incompatible adj.不能和谐共存的
His plan is incompatible with my intentions.
他的计划与我的意图相抵触。 Water is incompatible with fire. 水火不相容。
第七课
take (full) advantage of sth. to do:充分利用某事物去做…
show interest in (对…产生兴趣) provide sb. with sth.(给某人提供某物)gain profit from …(从…中获得利益)
5. much less 更不用说 I can hardly walk, much less run.
word格式精心整理版
我几乎走不动，更不用说跑了。 4. Birds differ from mammals. much more 更何况
鸟类与哺乳动物不同。 \is difficult to understand his People vary in intelligence. theses, much more his lectures.\人的智力因人而异
“他写的论文很难懂,他的讲座就distinguish 辨别; （常与from, 更难懂了。
between连用）区别；区分 14. figure out 算出；了解 Can you distinguish between those We must figure out how to solve the two objects?
problem.
你能区分那两个物体吗?
我们必须想出解决这个问题的办Speeches distinguishes man from the 法。
animals.
I couldn't figure out who the lady 言语使人区别于动物。
with the sunglasses was.
5. bring about 引起; 致使; 造成; 我想不出那位戴墨镜的夫人是谁。 达成
18. convict vt.（常与of连用）证bring off 实现，完成：
明有…罪；He was convicted of bring off a successful advertising murder.
campaign. 他被判犯有谋杀罪。 赢得了一场广告战
25. substitute A for B 用A代 bring out 出版；生产；制造 B substitute sb. by [with] another to bring out a new kind of soap 用别人接替某人
bring to 使…恢复知觉 28. incompatible adj.不能和谐共7. take after 相似 存的
She takes after her mother. His plan is incompatible with my take off 脱掉（衣服）;（飞机）起intentions.
飞
他的计划与我的意图相抵触。 I take my hat off to him for the way Water is incompatible with fire. he arranged the party.
水火不相容。
我对他安排社交聚会的方式表示佩第八课
服。
3. get away 脱身，逃脱;离开，The plane took off at three o'clock. 走开
飞机三点钟起飞了。
get off 起程;开火
take down 拿下，拆开；拆散;记下 get over 做完；痊愈，康复;克服 take down the Christmas tree. It took me a long time to get over take from 减去; 减损; 降低 my cold.
11. find 找到, 发现, find out发现;我的感冒过了很久才好。 揭露；查出 Can we get over this difficulty? found a solution
我们能克服这个困难吗？ Please find out what time the get through 接通（电话）让人了delegation will come.
解;完成
请查一查代表团什么时候来。 Get it through to him that he must 12. waste away 日益消瘦, 日渐衰rest.
弱
要让他了解他该休息了。
use up 用光，用光，耗尽： used up all our money.
范文范例 学习指导
go off离开, 去世, 消失, 变质 wear out 消瘦, 穿破, 用坏, 疲劳 14. fast 和 rapid 通常可以互换， 然而fast 更多指运动中的人或物， 而rapid 指相关的活动或运动： a fast car; 飞驰的汽车；
a rapid mountain stream; 轻快的山溪；
Quick 大多指花费极少时间或反应或动作的敏捷： Let's eat a quick snack. 让我们吃一顿快餐吧!
16. whole， all， entire， gross， total
这三个形容词所共同的中心意思是“包括每个成分或个体”： a whole town devastated by an earthquake;
地震所破坏的整个镇子； all the class going on a field trip; 参加郊游的全体班级成员； entire freedom of choice; 完全的选择自由；
gross income; 总收入；
the total cost. 全部费用 (partial) 总计，总额，总数 18. now that
Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents. 既然你长大了, 就不应该依靠你的父母。
Now(that) he is well again, he can go on with his English study.
既然恢复了健康, 他就可以继续学习英语。
33. Nothing has resulted from his efforts.
他的努力终成泡影。 Smoke arose from the chimney. 烟从烟筒冒出来。
Accidents arise from carelessness. 疏忽大意往往会引起事故的发生。
第十课
word格式精心整理版
21. come up 显现；出现：升到地关于
平线上：提升，接近 in terms of 以…的观点；就…而 The question never came up. in touch with 同...有联系 从不曾发生过这个问题 in line with 符合
came up and said hello. 37. bear， endure， stand， suffer， come up with
tolerate
宣布或发现; 想出（计划、回答）；bear 更多地适用于承受的能力： 作出（反应）；产生
I couldn't bear his lying.
He couldn't come up with an answer. suffer 侧重于表示“忍受或经受令He couldn't come up with an 人不愉快的、甚至于痛苦的事”。 appropriate answer just at the time. endure 强调“长时间的忍受痛苦而那时他想不出一个合适的答案。 不屈服”。
25. ensure保证, 担保; 确保, 确What can't be cured must be 保, 保证
endured.
Our precautions ensured our safety. 治不好的病就必须忍受.
我们的预防措施保证了我们的安tolerate 和 stand 都表示“忍受令全.
人生厌的事”
We can ensure that the work shall be stand 常与 bear 通用，如果用词确done in the right way. 切，stand 总包含着“不退让”、“不我们可以保证把工作做好。 畏缩”的“忍受”。 assure 向…保证 ;给予信心；使40.愉快的,迷人的，可爱的 放心
a lovely meal 愉快的一餐 He assured us that the train would a lovely cool drink 沁人心脾的冷be on time.
饮
向我们保证火车将会准时到达 Your portable computer is a lovely The news assured us. job.
这消息使 我们放心了。
你的手提电脑真不错。 5. bring about 引起; 致使; 造成; have a lovely time 过得很愉快 达成
others 和some对比使用时, 是“有bring off 实现，完成：
些”的意思而不是做“其他”讲, bring off a successful advertising Some cleaned the windows, others campaign. mopped the floor. 赢得了一场广告战
有的擦窗户, 有的擦地板。 bring up 照料，教育（小孩 the others 是“其余的”意思, 表示to bring out a new kind of soap 在一个范围内的其他全部。 bring forward 呈上；提出： This dictionary is better than the bring forward proof.提交证据 others.
7. agree on 对…意见一致 这本字典比别[其余]的好。 agree with 一致；相符合 the other 是其中的“另一个”, agree with sb. 同意某人的话 Give me the other one; not this one. 适宜健康；与…相宜
给我那一个, 不是这一个。 The liquor did not agree with me. 两个中的“另一个”是“the other”; 这酒不适合我喝。
不定数目中的“另一个”是34. in regard of[to] /with regard to
“another” , This glass is broken.
范文范例 学习指导
Get me another.
这个杯子坏了, 给我另拿一个来。(在许多杯子中的一个) One ….another
There to be 和 there being 的用法 There+be是一种常见的“表示存在”的句型。 There+be后可接名词或动名词。
There must be rules for the changes. 这些变化一定是有规则的。 There is no knowing what may happen. 谁也不知道将要发生什么事。
下面就there to be 和 there being 的用法做一简要介绍。 １.there to be 的用法 1) 用作动词的复合宾语。 Would you like there to be a picture on the wall?
你喜欢墙壁上挂一张画吗？ We don’ want there to bve any commrade lagging behind. 我们不希望有一个同志掉队。 I don't want there to bwe any misunderstanding between us. 我不希望我们之间有什么误会。 2) 用在It be + adj. for...的结构中 It is impossible for there to be any more chance. 不可能在有机会了。
It was too late for there to be any buses.
时间太晚，不会有汽车了。 We waited for there to be another opportunity.
我们期待着还有下一次机会。 2. there being 的用法 1) 用作介词后的复合宾语 I never dreamed of there being a picture on the wall. 我从未想到墙壁上有幅画。 I was wrong about there being some misunderstanding between us. 认为我们之间有误解是我的错误。
专升本英语重点归纳
