2024年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析
08名词性从句(一)
名词性从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句四种。名词性从句是历年高考必考内容,重点考查连接词的选择,其次还考查名词性从句的语序、语气、时态以及名词性从句的后置等。
考点一 连接词的选择
连接词的选择是考查的重点。名词性从句连接词的选择可从连接词在从句中的作用(即成分)和意义两个方面入手:一是连接词在从句中作不作成分,如果作成分,是什么成分;二是连接词在从句中有无意义,如有意义,是何意义。具体见下表:
连 接 词 that if/whether what(ever)/which(ever)/ who(ever)/Whom(ever)/ whose/how many/how much when(ever)/where(ver)/ how(ever)/why/because √ 状语、表语 作 用(成分) × × √ 主语、宾语、表语、定语 意 义 × √是否 √ (无论)什么/哪一个/谁、谁的、多少 √ (无论)何时/何地/怎样、为什么,因为 1. that引导名词性从句
that引导名词性从句时,在从句中不作成分,也没有任何意义。
1. Scientists have obtained more evidence __________ plastic is finding its way into the human body. (2024江苏) A. what 【答案】B
【解析】这是一个复合句。连词引导同位语从句,在从句中不作成分,也无意义,故用that。 2. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is __________ one can be entirely free from dust. (2016北京)
A. what B. that C. whether D. why 【答案】B
B. that
C. which
D. where
【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导表语从句,在从句中不作成分,也没有意义,故用that。句意:雨季最惬意的事情就是人们可以远离尘土。
3. The manager put forward a suggestion _________ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. (2016天津)
A. whether B. that C. which D. what 【答案】B
【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导同位语从句,在从句中不作成分,也没有意义,故用that。句意:经理提出一个建议:我们应该聘一个助手。因为有太多的事情要做。 4. It is often the case ______ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. (2016江苏) A. why B. what C. as D. that 【答案】D
【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导主语从句后置,在从句中不作成分,也没有意义,故用that。
5. I truly believe ______ beauty comes from within. (2015北京)
A. that 【答案】A
【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句,在从句中不作成分,也没有意义,故用that。句意:我确实认为美来自内在。
6.It is believed ______ children should learn to be responsible from the very beginning. (2015江苏)
A.why B.how C.when D.that 【答案】D
【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句,在从句中不作成分,也没有意义,故用that。句意:人们认为,小孩子从小就要学会承担责任。
7. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _____ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. (2013浙江)
A how B that C which D whether 【答案】B
B. where
C. what
D. why
【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导同位语从句,在从句中不作成分,也没有意义,故用that。
2. if/whether引导名词性从句
if/whether引导名词性从句时,在从句中不做成分,但表示“是否”之意。
1. She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. (2017天津)
A. when B. where C. whether D. what 【答案】C
【解析】引导宾语从句,在从句中不作成分,但表示“是否”,故用whether。句意:她问我把书还给图书馆没有,我承认还没有。
2. It remains to be seen ______ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice. (2013陕西)
A. that B. which C. what D. whether 【答案】D
【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导主语从句,在从句中不作成分,但表示“是否”,故用whether。句意:新成立的委员会的政策能否付诸实施还有待观察。
3. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesn’t matter ____you have lived there for a short or a long time. (2012湖南) A. why 【答案】C
【解析】whether引导主语从句后置,whether在从句中不作成分,表示“是否”。 4. We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know______ she’ll accept it. (2011山东) A. where 【答案】D
【解析】这是一个复合句。连接词引导宾语从句,在从句中不作成分,但表示“是否”,故用whether。句意:我们已经给予她这项工作,不过不知道她是否接受。 注意if与whether引导名词性从句的区别:
1. 主语从句置于句首时,用whether引导,不用if。例如:
________ the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained controversial; people are still looking for other possible solutions. (2012湖北) A. If B. Which C. That D. Whether 【答案】D
B. what
C. whether
D. which
B. how
C. whether
D. when