The_moment I saw him, I recognized him. 我一看见他，就认出了他。
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother. 这个男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。
特别提醒
hardly/scarcely...when...和no sooner...than...。注意：这两个结构中when和than都是并列连词，when/than前的分句通常用过去完成时，when/than后的分句通常用一般过去时。当hardly/scarcely和no sooner提至句首时，它们所在的分句要部分倒装。如：
I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain. 我一到家就开始下雨了。
No_sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. 我们刚到火车站火车就开了。
(3)till, until和not...until引导的时间状语从句
①延续性动词(肯定式)＋until/till表示“动作延续到……为止”。 We walked along the river until/till it was dark. 我们沿着河散步，一直到天黑。
②瞬间动词/延续性动词(否定式)＋until/till表示“直到……才发生”。 He didn't know anything about it until/till I told him. 直到我告诉他，他才知道这件事。 ③强调句型：It is not until...that...
It_was_not_until the professor came that we began the experiment. 直到教授来了，我们才开始做实验。
特别提醒
(1)till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it. 直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。
(2)not until置于句首，主句要用倒装结构。如： Not_until the film began did_she arrive. 直到电影开始她才到。
(4)before与since引导的时间状语从句
①before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没来得及……就……”。常用于句型“It will be/was＋时间段＋before从句”(在……之前还要多久，过了多久才……)及“It won't be/wasn't＋时间段＋before从句”(没过多久就……)。
John thinks it_won't_be_long_before he is ready for his new job. 约翰认为不久他就能为他的新工作做好准备。
②since表示“自从……以来”，常用于“It is/has been＋时间段＋since从句”结构。该句型表示“自从开始(不做)……已经多长时间了”，一般从句的时态用一般过去时，主句中的时态用现在完成时。
As is reported, it_is_over_100_years_since Tsinghua University was founded.
6
据报道，清华大学已经建立了100多年了。
(5)every time, any time, the first time, by the time, each time等名词词组也可引导时间状语从句。
Every_time I express an opinion, she always argues back. 每当我发表意见时，她总是反驳。 2 地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的从属连词有where, wherever。 I found my wallet where I had left it. 我在落下钱包的地方找到了它。
You are free to go wherever you like. 你愿意去哪里就去哪里。
特别提醒
where引导的定语从句与状语从句的区别：
地点状语从句与定语从句的区别在于从句在句中所作的成分，如果作状语，则是状语从句；如果作定语，则是定语从句。where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词，where可以替换成“介词＋which”；而状语从句前则无先行词。
I know London as the_place_where I spent my childhood. 我熟悉伦敦，那是我度过童年的地方。(定语从句)
The little girl who got lost decided to remain_where she was and wait for her mother.
那个迷路的小女孩决定呆在原地等她的母亲。(状语从句，其中remain为不及物动词) 3 条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if(假设；如果)，unless(＝if...not除非)，so/as long as(只要)，in case(如果)，on condition that(条件是)，suppose/supposing(that)(假设)，providing/provided that(如果)等。
You'll fail the exam unless you study hard(＝if you don't study hard)． 如果你不努力学习，你考试就会不及格。
As_long_as you don't lose heart, you will succeed. 只要不灰心，你就会成功。
Suppose/Supposing_(that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help? 如果他们拒绝我们，那么我们还可以向谁求助呢？ In_case there is a fire, what will you do first? 如果发生火灾，你们首先要做什么呢？
特别提醒
在条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来含义；现在完成时表即将完成之后的情况；一般过去时表过去将来的含义。
If it snows tomorrow, we will_build a snowman. 如果明天下雪，我们就堆雪人。 In case it rains,_do_not expect me.
7
如果下雨，就不要等我了。 4 原因状语从句
原因状语从句可由because, as, since, now that (in that) 等词引导： (1)because译作“因为”，表直接原因，语气较强，能回答由why提出的问句。 The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.
那位老人让露西换坐到另一把椅子上，因为他想挨着妻子坐。
(2)as(由于)，since(既然), for, now that/in that(既然)，表双方都知道的原因，语气较强。as, since和now that引导的从句多位于主句之前。
Now_that you have done that, stop blaming yourself. 既然你已经做了，就不要自责了。
(3)when(既然)，seeing that(鉴于，由于)，considering that(考虑到)等也可以引导原因状语从句。
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could walk there in five minutes. 既然步行5分钟就能到那里，你却去乘出租车，真是太傻了。 5 目的状语从句
(1)so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句
so that与in order that表示“以便于，为了”，引导目的状语从句，从句中常用情态动词。当主从句的主语一致时，so that和in order that引导的目的状语从句可以转换成相对应的动词不定式结构：in order to与so as to。
They flew there in_order_that they might be in time to attend the opening ceremony.
他们飞往那里以便能及时参加开幕典礼。
特别提醒
in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后；但so that引导的从句一般只能置于主句之后。
The crowd walked back so_that the ambulance could pass. 人群向后退开，让救护车可以开过去。
He raised his hand in_order_that the taxi may stop. 他举起手以便使出租车停下来。
(2)for fear that, in case与lest引导目的状语从句，表“以防……，以免……”。 He had his camera ready in_case he saw something that would make a good picture. 他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些他能够拍下来成为好照片的东西。 6 让步状语从句
(1)although和though引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，主句里不可用but。若要强调前后两部分的对比意义，可在主句句首加yet和still。
Although/Though he has a lot of money, yet/still he is unhappy. 他虽然有很多钱，但并不幸福。
(2)当as作“虽然，尽管”讲时，可引导让步状语从句，从句往往放在主句的前面，且
8
从句必须倒装。倒装的形式为“形容词/副词/名词/动词/过去分词＋as＋主语＋谓语动词”。
Much_as_you_suspected him, you couldn't provide powerful evidence. 虽然你非常怀疑他，但是你却无法提供有力的证据。(副词提至句首) Young_as_he_is,_he can read and write in several foreign languages. 虽然他很年轻，可是他能用几种语言读和写。(形容词提至句首) Try_as_he_might,_he couldn't solve the problem.
尽管他很努力，但还是无法解决这个问题。(谓语动词提至句首)
特别提醒
在as引导的让步状语从句中，若从句是系表结构，且表语为单数的可数名词，倒装时名词前不加冠词。如：
Child_as_he_is,_he has a good command of English. 尽管他是个孩子，但他精通英语。
(3)no matter who (what, when, which, how, where等)引导让步状语从句时，相当于“who (what, when, which, how, where等)＋ever”，表示“无论何人(什么，何时，哪个/些，怎样，何地等)”。
He keeps taking exercise in winter no_matter_how cold it is. 不管有多冷，他一直坚持在冬天锻炼身体。 Whatever work we do, we should do our best. 不管做什么工作，我们都要尽力。
(4)whether...or...引导让步状语从句时，意为“不管是……还是……”。
Whether she comes here or we go there, the topic of the discussion will remain unchanged.
不管是她来这儿还是我们去那儿，讨论的话题都不会变。
(5)while引导让步状语从句时，意为“尽管，虽然”，相当于although/though。 While we don't agree on that, we continue to be good friends. 虽然我们在那件事情上意见不同，但我们仍然是好朋友。 7 结果状语从句
(1)引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so that, so...that..., such...that...。 so＋形容词/副词＋that从句??
?so＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数形式＋that从句?少＋名词＋that从句?so＋
such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数形式＋that从句??
?such＋形容词＋复数名词/不可数名词＋that从句??such＋a lot of/lots of＋名词＋that从句
Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him. ＝Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him. 迈克是一个如此诚实的工人，以至于我们都信任他。
9
It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park. 天气这么好，我们都想去公园。
He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family. 他赚的钱如此少，以至于养不起他的家人。
(2)当so或such以及所修饰的部分置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。
So_clever_a_student_was_he_that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
他是一个如此聪明的学生以至于能解出所有的难题。
(3)除结果状语从句外，too...to...(太……而不能……)，enough to...(达到某种程度可以……)，so...as to...(如此……以至于……)等结构同样可以表示结果。
He didn't get up early enough_to catch the bus. ＝He got up too late to catch the bus. ＝He got up so late as_to miss the bus. 他起得太晚了，没有赶上那班公共汽车。 8 方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的连词有：as, as if/though。
as if/though引导的从句常用虚拟语气(但是当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，as if从句要用陈述语气)。
You must do the work as you are told. 你必须按照你被告诉的那样做工作。
重难点
1 状语从句的省略
(1)时间、让步、方式、地点状语从句的省略
如果状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，而且状语从句的谓语中有be动词，可以将从句中的主语连同be动词一起省略。
While_(I_was)_in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Summer Palace. 在北京时，我参观了颐和园。
He often makes mistakes when_(he_is)_speaking English. 说英语时他经常出错。
The woman teacher left the classroom silently as_though_(she_was)_angry. 这位女教师一言不发地离开了教室，好像生气了。 Though_(it_is)_cold,_he still wore a shirt. 虽然天气冷，但他仍然穿一件衬衫。 (2)条件状语从句的省略
①在if it is possible, if it is necessary, when it is necessary等类似结构中，it is常省略。
Come tomorrow if_(it_is)_possible. 如果可能的话就明天来吧。
Unless_(it_is)_necessary,_you'd better not refer to the dictionary.
10
高考英语一轮复习专题9并列句和状语从句教学案
