欧阳索引创编 2021.02.02
状语从句中的虚拟语气 主句（目的） 从句（条件） 欧阳家百（2021.03.07） 虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法三点： 表示于现在事实相反的虚拟条件句 If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were） If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If+主语+had+动词的过去分词 If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train. 主语+would(should might)+动词原型 could 表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句 主语+would（should could might）+have+动词的过去分词 表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句 1、If+主语+动词过去式 主语+would（could should 2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原might）+动词原型 形 3、If+主语+should +动词原形 If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America. 错综时间条件句——主有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，从句时间不一致的情况这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。 If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 下的虚拟语气 If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 含蓄条件句 有时虚拟条件句并没用if从句表示出来，而是用介词短语（otherwise，or，without，but for）上下文或其他方式来表示。 1. 条件暗含在短语中； 2. 条件暗含在上下文中； 3. 虚拟式变为习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。 条件从句中省略if采用在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，有时可以把虚拟条件倒装语序的情况 中的连词if省去，而将had，should，were等助动词提到主语之前。 例：原句：1: If she were younger,she,would do it. 去if：Were she younger,she,would do it. 2: If you had come earlier, you would have met him. 去if: Had you come earlier, you would have met him 3:If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 去if:Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 虚拟语气在as if/as 1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去though引导的方式状语式。 He treatsthe boy as if he were his own son. 从句中 欧阳索引创编 2021.02.02
欧阳索引创编 2021.02.02
2.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。 He spoke as if he had known about it. 3．表示与将来事实相反，(表示将来的可能性不大),用would (might, could)+动词原形 He acts as if he could win in the game . 注意：1.在as if/as though 句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。 例：He looks as if he going to be ill. 2.as though或as if引导的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同时，从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。 虚拟语气用在lest，for 谓语动词多用should/could/might+动词原型构成 fear that，so that及in For fear that it may rain tomorrow, we should bring an umbrella. order that引导的目的状语从句中表示“以防，以免”等意思 由“providing（that）/provided（that）/on condition that/suppose（that）/supposing（that）”引导的条件从句 根据情况，1.可以用虚拟语气。 例：suppose/supposing that it rained,we shouldn’t go out. 2.也可以用陈述语气。 例：They are willing to surrender provided they are given free pardon.. “In case”引导的从句中即可用陈述句，也可以用虚拟语气 （should）+动词原型 例：1.The game will be put off in case it (should) snow. 2.The game will be put off in case it snows. 名词性从句中的虚拟语气一：宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1.在动词wish/hope后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气,表示一种不可能实现的愿望。 对现在情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去式或过去进行式。 I wish (that) I were a bird. 对过去情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去完成时，或would，could，might+现在完成时。 I wish (that) I had seen the film last night. 对将来情况的虚拟：从句谓语“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。 I wish (that) I would\\could go. 欧阳索引创编 2021.02.02
欧阳索引创编 2021.02.02
在表示建议，命令，要求，忠告，等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 均以“should+动词原型”表示这种语气，“should”常被省略。 We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. They insisted that the boy (should) go with them. 常用的此类动词有： 表示“提议，劝告，建议”的：propose,suggest,recommend,advise. 表示“要求”的：ask,desire, request,demand,require,beg 表示“同意，坚持”的：insist 表示“决定，命令”的：decide,order 注意：suggest,insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示，表明，坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 The smile on his face suggested(暗示） that he was satisfied with our work. The man insisted 【坚持认为】that he had never stolen the money. 经常用“should+动词原型（或完成形式），表示惊奇，怀疑，不满等情绪。 I cannot believe that you should think so. 在expect，believe，think，suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 Would rather，had 谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来相反 rather，后的宾语从I would rather you told me the truth. 用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反。表示“宁愿做什么”或“对过句中的虚拟语气 去做的事的懊悔”。 I would rather you had gone there last Sunday. 注意：1.若某人愿自己做某事，would rather后用动词原型 2.would rather…..than……中用动词原型 I would rather do it by myself. I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 主语从句中的虚拟语气 “It is(was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that….”结构中的虚拟语气 表达形式为should+动词原形或省略should It’s quite necessary that we should have a walk now. 常用的形容词：natural，appropriate，advisable，necessary，important，urgent，probable，possible，desirable，strange。 注意：在上述所列形容词后面用that引出的宾语从句中，谓语动词也要用虚拟语气。 例：I don’t think it advisable that tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience.(汤姆缺乏经验，指派他做这项工作我认为是不恰当的). 欧阳索引创编 2021.02.02
完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图之欧阳索引创编
