机械工程英语第二版partunit翻译
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机械工程英语（第11单元）
Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing Technologies快速原型制造和快速制造技术
Introduction介绍
Manufacturing community is facing two important challenging tasks：（1）Substantial reduction of production development times; and (2) Improvement on flexibility for manufacturing multi-variety and small batch-size products. Computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD and Cam) have significantly improved the traditional production design and manufacturing. However, there are a number of obstacles in true integration of computer-design with computer-aided manufacturing for rapid development of new products.
制造社会面临两个重要的艰巨任务：1大幅度减少产品开发时间，以及改善对弹性制造多品种，小批量大小的产品。电脑辅助及制造大大改善了传统的生产设计和制造。但是，有一个数字障碍计算机辅助设计与真正的一体化电脑辅助制造新产品的快速发展。
To substantially shorten the time for developing patterns, and prototypes, some manufacturing enterprises have started to use rapid prototypes(RP)methods for complex patterns making and component prototyping. Over the past few years, A variety of new rapid manufacturing theologies, generally called Rapid Prototyping and
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Manufacturing ,have emerged; the technologies developed include stereo lithography(SL),selective laser sintering (SLS), fused deposition modeling(FSM),laminated
object
manufacturing(LOM),and
three
dimensional printing (3D Printing)。These technologies are capable of directly generating physical objects from CAD databases. They have a common important feature: the prototype part is produced adding materials rather than removing materials, that is, a part is first modeled by a geometric modeler such as a solid modeler, and then is mathematically sectioned(sliced)into a series of parallel cross-section pieces. For each piece, the curing or binding paths are generated. These curing or binding paths are directly used to instruct the machine for producing the part by solidifying or binding a line of material. After a layer is built, a new layer is built on the previous one in the same way. Thus, the model is built layer by layer from the bottom to top.
为了大大缩短母摸、模具和样件的制作时间，一些制作厂开始利用快速原型制造技术来制作复杂的母模和零部件的原型。在过去几年中，各种新的快速制造技术，通常被称为快速成型与制造，有涌现，这些技术包括立体开发，选择性激光烧结，熔融沉积成型，分层实体制造，三维打印。这些技术能够直接从CAD数据库生成实体对象。他们都有一些共同的重要特征：原型件都是通过增材制造，而不是材料去除工艺制作的，也就是说，零件首先通过几何建模软件，比如一个实体建模模块来建模，然后用数学的方法进行切层处理，使其成为
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一连串平行的横截面片。每件，固化或具有约束力的路径生成。这些固化或具有约束力路径是直接用于指导生产的部分机器固化或具有约束力的材料一致。建成后，一层是，一个新的层是建立在以同样的方式前一个。因此，该模型建立一层一层从底部到顶部。 RR Processes RP反相进程
As mentioned earlier, there are several technologies available for model production based on the principle of “growing” or “additive” manufacturing. The major differences among these technologies are in two aspects (1) Materials used, and (2) Part building techniques. The following sections will explain in detail these rapid prototyping technologies with respect to the above two aspects.
如前所述，有几种技术可以为模型生产的基础上，增加或添加剂生产原则。这些技术之间的主要分歧是在两个方面;材料使用，而部分建筑技术。以下部分将解释快速原型技术，这些细节就上述两项方面。
1.Stereo lithography光固化
Stereo lithography apparatus (SLA) was invented by Charles Hull of 3D Systems Inc. It is the first commercially available rapid prototype and is considered as the most widely used prototyping machine. The material used is liquid pho-to-curable resin, acryl ate (monomers) are polymerized into large molecules. Based on this principle, the part is built in a vat of
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机械工程英语第二版partunit翻译
