外研版高中英语选修六 1-6单元知识点归纳
Module 1
【词条1】lack
【点拨】lack动词, 意为\缺乏,没有\。如:
He is good at his job but he seems to lack confidence.
What he lacks in experience he makes up for in enthusiasm. 【拓展】
1. lack的常用短语有:be lacking\欠缺,缺乏\；be lacking in\缺乏(某种品质、特点等)\；lack (for) nothing\应有尽有\。如: Money for the project is still lacking. I think the film is lacking in pace.
They have got everything ready and they lack for nothing. 2. lack还可作名词,常与of连用,意为\缺乏,没有\。for lack of \因为缺乏……\。如:
The work had to be stopped for lack of funds. The flowers withered for lack of water.
【词条2】reply
【点拨】名词,意为\回答,答复\常与介词to 连用。如: Is it a reply to the first or the second letter To my anger, she made no reply to my question.
其常用在短语in reply to中,意为\作为对……的回答,回复\。如: What did he do in reply to your challenge
【拓展】reply也可作动词,意为\回答,答复\。如:
The teacher gave me no chance to reply to her question. Lily replied that she knew nothing about it.
【词条3】apology
【点拨】apology名词,意为\道歉,歉意\常用于短语:offer / make an apology to sb.\向某人道歉\接受道歉\。如:
It’s impolite of you to leave without a word of apology. In my judgment, we should accept their apology. You’d better make an apology for your absence.
【拓展】其动词形式为apologize,意为\道歉,表示歉意\常用短语为: apologize to sb.(for sth.)\因某事)向某人道歉\。如:
I must apologize for not being able to meet you that day. I think Tom might have apologized to Jane for what he did.
经典短语透视
【短语1】think of
【点拨】think of可意为\想起,想出\。如:
The photo made me think of my child-hood. It was Tom who thought of the good plan. 【拓展】think的其他常用短语:
1. think highly / much of 重视,高度赞扬。如:
All the teachers think highly of John because he is very smart and kind. 2. think about 考虑。如:
I was thinking about something else and missed your words. 3. think over 仔细考虑。如:
Please think the plan over and let me know your decision tomorrow.
【短语2】in addition
【点拨】in addition意为\另外,此外\。如:
I write my own songs and I play the guitar in addition. You need money and time. In addition, you need diligence.
【拓展】in addition to 除……之外(还有),to为介词,后接名词或动词-ing形式。如:
His brother can speak three foreign languages in addition to English. besides也意为\除……之外(还有)\。如:
The play was badly acted, besides being far too long.
【短语3】leave out
【点拨】leave out意为\省去,删去\。如:
In Western countries, people usually leave out No. 13 as the number is thought unlucky.
You can leave out the unnecessary words when writing down the notes. 【拓展】
1. leave out还可意为\漏掉,遗漏\。如:
Decide with you partner which words have been left out. 2. 与leave相关的常用短语:leave behind遗留,留下
It left behind a long train of problems and difficulties. leave over剩余,暂不解决
We shall have to leave the question over till the next meeting. leave alone别管,不理会
If I were you, I’d leave this question alone.
【短语4】show off
【点拨】show off意为\炫耀\。如:
Those boys always show off their sports skills to the girls. His brother likes to show off his knowledge in public. 【拓展】与show相关的常用短语: show sb. around领某人参观
The headmaster showed us around the school. show up出席,到场
The party is about to begin, but Mr. Wang hasn’t shown up.
热点语法聚焦
didn’t need to do和needn’t have done都有\过去不必做某事\的意思,但是didn’t need to表示\过去没有必要做某事,事实上也没做\；needn’t have done表示\过去本来不必做某事,实际上却做了\。如:
I didn’t need to take a taxi from the air-port —there was a bus all the way into the city.
I needn’t have booked in advance; there were plenty of tickets left. 此外,要注意need的其它用法:
need可作实义动词,也可作情态动词。
1. 作实义动词时, need有人称和数的变化,后可以接名词、代词、动词不定式和动名词等,否定式要在前面加don’t (doesn’t, didn’t),疑问句用do (does, did) 提问。如:
The company needs some good salesmen.
His broken car needs to be repaired. = His broken car needs repairing. 2. 作情态动词时,need没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,否定式为needn’t,常用在否定句和疑问句中。如:
You needn’t worry about him. He is very mature now. —Need I stay another day —Yes, you must.
Module 2
【词条1】behave
【点拨】behave 用作不及物动词,意为\举止或行为)表现\。如: She has been behaving very politely.
另外,behave还可意为\举止得体；守规矩\常和反身代词连用。如: Can’t you make your little child behave himself
【拓展】well- / ill- / badly-behaved adj.表现得好的/不好的；behavior n.行为,举止如:
He is thought to be a well-behaved child.
She was ashamed of her children’s bad behavior.
【词条2】appeal
【点拨】appeal可用作名词,意为\吸引力,感染力\。如: Films of this sort have lost their appeal for me. 【拓展】
1. appeal用作名词时,还可意为\呼吁,请求\。如: His appeal for forgiveness went unanswered.
An appeal is being made for help for those who lost their homes in the
earthquake.
2. appeal还可用作动词, 意为\引起兴趣；呼吁,请求\常跟介词to连用。如: Does the idea of working abroad appeal to you The police are appealing to the public for any information about this. 【词条3】awake
【点拨】awake 可用作形容词,意为\醒着的\。如:
I have lain awake all night thinking over the problem.
注意:awake是表语形容词,不能用于名词前作定语。类似的形容词还有asleep, alive, aware等。
【拓展】awake (awoke, awoken) 可作不及物动词,意为\醒来\这时与wake up意义相近；awake也可作及物动词,意为\唤醒,叫醒；唤起(记忆)；激起(情感)\。如:
I awake to the ringing of an electric bell every day. The thunder awoke me last night.
His father tried to awake him to a sense of duty. Nothing can awake her interest in foot-ball.
经典短语透视
【短语1】ahead of
【点拨】ahead of意为\在……之前\。如:
The time here is nine hours ahead of London. Ahead of us was a narrow and muddy road.
【拓展】ahead of还可意为\胜过,优于；(数量、价格等)超过\。如: In management, our company is well ahead of theirs. Their pay offer was well ahead of inflation.
【短语2】holdout
【点拨】hold out可意为\伸出,拿出\。如:
When I arrived, Mary held out her hand in welcome. 【拓展】hold out还可意为\维持；坚持(抵抗)\。如:
We were short of water but it could hold out for another day. They held out against the enemy for two days and nights. The town was surrounded, but the citizens held out until help at last came.
【短语3】putdown
【点拨】put down可意为\放下\。如:
Put down that knife before you hurt somebody! 【拓展】
1. put down还可意为\写下,记下；镇压；消灭\。如: Put down your notes at the bottom of the paper. The uprising was put down three days later. can’t put sth. down 爱不释手；不忍释卷。如:
It is an interesting story and he can’t put it down until he has finished reading it.
2. 与put相关的常用短语:put out出版；生产；使熄灭,扑灭；put up树立；put off推迟；put aside 把……搁在一边；put forward提出；put up with容忍。如:
Be sure to put out the light before you go to bed.
The building will be put up in the centre of the campus. Don’t put off till tomorrow what can be done today.
He put aside his work to spend more time with his family. He put forward a very good suggestion at the meeting. I could hardly put up with the child any longer.
热点语法聚焦
动词的-ing形式作状语
可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式、伴随或对谓语加以补充说明等。如:
While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. (时间) It rained for two weeks, completely ruining the crops. (结果)
Turning to the right at the crossing, you will see the post office right before you. (条件)
Being busy and exhausted, he gave us a lot of help. (让步) We Chinese eat our food using chopsticks. (方式)
Not knowing how to deal with the problem, the boy turned to his teacher. (原因)
Laughing and talking loudly, we left the party. (伴随) 【难点点拨】
1. 现在分词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致,它所表示的动作应该是句中主语所发出的动作,即现在分词和句子主语之间构成主动关系。如:
Seeing from the top of the hill, we can get a full view of the country. (we与see之间是主动关系)
2. 现在分词作状语时,其前可加while, when, after, before, though, unless等连词,on, upon等介词或thus, completely等副词。如:
While doing the experiment, we discovered the new chemical. Take the medicine three times a day after having each meal. On hearing the news, she rushed out the room.
My car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. 3. 有时用\宾语+ 现在分词\结构作状语。如: I couldn’t focus my attention with that noise going on.
4. 当现在分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时,现在分词必须有自己的主语。如:
Weather permitting, the sports meet will be held next Friday.
Module 3
外研版高中英语选修六 1-6单元知识点归纳
