【副词开头】(1)副词修饰全句Luckily,hedidn'tknowmyphonenumber;otherwise,hewouldbotherme.Incredibly,HelenagotstraightAinherschoolreportthissemester.Interestingly,catsanddogscanhardlygetalongwellinahouse.修饰全句常用的副词有:obviously,undoubtedly,apparently,fortunately,clearly,unfortunately,incredibly,luckily,unluckily,surprisingly,frighteningly等。这些副词大多数表示说话人对全句的看法,在意思上相当于“Itis...形容词that...”。比如:Obviously,heisnervousaboutthetest.=Itisobviousthatheisnervousaboutthetest.Unfortunately,hetrippedoverandfellinthemud.=Itisunfortunatethathetrippedoverandfellinthemud.(2)强调副词Hurriedly,themandrewmeascratchmaptoshowmethedirection.Dangerously,thedrunkardspeddownthestreet.Slowlyandgently,snowflakesweredriftingdownfromthesky.(3)副词表示某一地域或某一领域Geographically,Canadaisthebiggestcountryintheworld.Financially,sheisindependent,butemotionallysheisdependent.【插入语开头】用插入语开头,表示说话人的态度,或使句子的意思更加准确:Strangelyenough,Jenniferdoesnotenjoysunshineandbeach.Generallyspeaking,winterinVancouverisgloomy.类似的插入语有:nowonder,nodoubt,inotherwords,inmyopinion,inconclusion,infact,asamatteroffact等。【形容词和形容词短语开头】用形容词、并列形容词或形容词短语开头,修饰句子的主语,表示主语的特征或状态:Frantic,theyoungmotherrushedoutthedoorwiththebabyinherarms.Tastyandcrisp,potatochipisafavoritesnackforbothchildrenandadults.Happyathisgoodmarksatschool,thelittleboyskippedonhiswayhome.Desperateandhopeless,thepoormancommittedsuicide.【分词和分词短语开头】(1)修饰句子主语,表示主语所处的状态或主语同时进行的另一个较谓语动词次要的动作Scared,thegirlmovedtimidlyandcautiouslyintothedarkroom.(状态)Casedbymydearpetcat,themousedashedintoasmallhole.(状态)Spoiledbyhisparents,thenaughtyboyalwaysinsistsonthingshewants.(状态)Puffingandhugging,hefinishedhisrun.(另一动作)Lookingatherselfinthemirror,shefingeredhersilkscarfonhershoulder.(另一动作)(2)修饰谓语动词,表示原因、时间等Lyingdownonthecouch,hefeltmuchrelaxed.(时间)Feelingbored,sheturnedontheTVandswitchedfromchanneltochannel.(原因)Wantingtofindoutthebusinesshour,shecalledthestore.(原因)Havingcompletedtheform,hemaileditoutimmediately.(时间)【介词短语开头】用介词短语开头,表示句子谓语动词发生的时间、地点、方式、原因、条件等:Onseeinghimapproach,thegirlimmediatelyturnedherfacetoashopwindowpretendingtolookatsomethingthere.(时间)Aroundthecorner,acrowdgathered.(地点)Unlikehisfather,Petertouchesneithercigarettesnoralcohol.(方式)Duetothelimitofseats,hewasnotaccepted.(原因)Incaseoffire,usethestairways.(条件)【动词不定式开头】动词不定式开头,强调谓语动词动作的目的:TocelebratethearrivaloftheMillennium,weheldagrandpartyinthehotel.Toshowmytrustonhim,Ideposited$10,000intohisbankaccount.【独立分词短语开头】用独立分词短语开头,使句子有正式的味道:Birdssinginginthetree,anotherroutinedaystarts.Seagullsflyingoverthewater,theoldfishermanflunghisfishingmeatintotheopensea.Adogfollowingthem,thepolicesearchedeverysuspect.【过渡句开头】用过渡句开头,表示此句与上下句的关系:Consequently,Isloweddowntoavoidafineticket.Infact,shewasakindheartedwoman.【同位语开头】Asigningofficerofthebank,Janesignshernamehundredsoftimeseachdayatwork.ATVaddict,JimwatchesTVmoviesoneafteranothereveryeveninguntilaftermidnight.【副词从句开头】用副词从句开头,表示主句谓语动词发生的时间、地点、原因、方式、条件等:Whenyouareinneedofhelp,givemeacall.Whereveryougo,Ifollow.Sinceyourchildrenlovehamburgersandfries,wemightaswelleatinMacDonald.Asifitweresummer,everybodywearshortsandaT-shirt.Incasethatyougetlost,callmeatthisnumber.【名词从句开头】用名词从句开头,作整句的主语:Whetheryoutakethepositionornotmakesgreatdifferencetome.WhyIamunhappyissomethingIcan'texplain.Whattheyshoulddoabouttheholeintheroofistheirmostpressingproblem.
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