Today, as in every other day of the year, more than 3,000 US teenagers will smoke their first cigarettes on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime, it can be expected that of these 3,000 about 23 will be murdered, 30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by smoking-related diseases. The number of death assigned to cigarettes smoking clearly outweigh all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary.
A study has been conducted to enquire into teenage smoking problems and the following is what has been found.
First, in the past several years, smoking rates among youth have declined little. Second, in the late 1970s, smoking among male high school seniors was larger than that among females by nearly 10 percent. Surprisingly, this statistic is reversing. Third, several recent studies have indicated high school dropouts have very high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent. Therefore, the National Cancer Institute began its current effort to determine the most effective measures to reduce smoking levels among youth.
1. What is the major concern of the passage? A. The number of deaths assigned to smoking. B. Smoking rates among youth.
C. Reasons for the decline in teenager smoking. D. How to reduce smoking levels among youth.
2. What is the chief cause of the deaths among US teenagers according to the passage? A. Murder. B. Traffic accidents.
C. Smoking-related diseases. D. All of the above.
3. How many teenagers will smoke their first cigarettes every day? A. More than 3,000. B. More than 1,500. C. 750. D. 30.
4. Which of the following group of youth has the highest smoking rate according to the passage? A. Students who dropped out of school. B. Children who lost their parents. C. Those who had diseases. D. Children whose parents smoke.
5. What is surprising according to the study conducted? A. High smoking rates are due to the increase in wealth. B. Smokers at high school are from the families in low social positions.
C. There are now more females than male smokers among high school seniors. D. Smoking rates among youth have declined very little.
1—5 BCBAC Passage 4
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it is painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you are “hot”. That is true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (独白) as: “Get up, John! You’ll be
late for work again!” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help. Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up later anyway. Counteract (抵制) your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam and work better
at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours. 1. If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably ______.
A. he is a lazy person
B. he is not sure when his energy is low C. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle D. he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
2. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage? A. Unawareness of energy cycle.
B. Familiar monologues.
C. Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members. D. A change in a family member’s energy cycle.
3. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should ______. A. overcome his laziness B. get up earlier than usual
C. change his energy cycle D. go to bed earlier
4. You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will ______.
A. help to keep your energy for the day’s work B. help you to control your temper early in the day C. enable you to concentrate on your routine work D. keep your energy cycle under control all day 5. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one’s energy.
B. Dr. Kleitman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of day.
C. Habit helps one adapt to his own energy cycle. D. Children have energy cycles, too. 1—5 DACAB Passage 5
Look honestly at your own life. Are your days and nights spent doing things that are meaningful and make you smile? Or do you spend the majority of your time doing things that give you back only the smallest percentage of joy?
Look deeply into your own heart. Are you happy? Is there something you think needs to happen before you can be happy? Are you sure that if that something occurred, you would truly be happy?
Look closely at your spiritual value. If you suddenly died tomorrow and looked back on your life, what moments would you treasure the most?
I believe that asking ourselves these questions is very important. It forces us to stop living our lives mechanically and unconsciously, and demands that we pay attention.
Paying attention to the moments in your life as they develop is what having real moments means, moments when you are fully present, fully feeling, fully alive.
Sometimes they will be moments of great happiness. Sometimes they will be moments of deep sadness. But always, when you pay attention to where you are and what is going on, right now, you will experience a moment that has meaning, a moment that matters, and that is what I call a real moment.
1. In what way should you look at your life?
A. In an honest way to find out whether we spend our time meaningfully.
B. In a matter-of-fact way to see how we spend our days.
2017年成教学位考试英语复习题附答案
