61. Which of the following devices favourably reacts to users? A. Dream-pad pillow B. Eight sleep tracker
C. Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution D. Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System 62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature. B. The Nightingale is an economical but perfect device. C. Soft music is applied to all these four devices. D. One in three people suffer from sleep problem.
(C)
An epidemic is the occurrence of a disease which affects a very large number of people living in an area and which spreads quickly to other people. Like infectious diseases, ideas in the academic world are spreadable. But way some travel far and wide while equally good ones remain in relative insignificance has been a mystery. Now a team of computer scientists has used an epidemiological model to imitate how ideas move from one academic institution to another. The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions caused bigger “epidemics” than equally good ideas from less well-known places, explains Allison Morgan, a computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and lead author of the new study. “This implies that where an idea is born shapes how far it spreads, holding the quality of the idea constant.” says senior author Aaron Clauset, also at Boulder. Not only is this unfair -- “it reveals a big weakness in how we’re doing science,” says Simon DeDeo, a professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not involved in the study. There are many highly trained people with good ideas who do not end up at top institutions. “They are producing good ideas, and we know those ideas are getting lost,” DeDeo says. “Our science, our scholarship, is not as good because of this.”
The Colorado researchers analyzed an existing data set of computer science department hires in North America, as well as a database of publications by these hires. First they looked at how five big ideas in computer science spread to new institutions. They found that hiring a new member accounted for this movement a little more than a third of the time -- and in 81 percent of those cases, transfers took place from higher- to lower-status universities. Then the team imitated the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious disease model and found that the size of an idea “epidemic” (as measured by the number of institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating institution. The findings were published online last October in EPJ Data Science.
The researchers’ model suggests that there “may be a number of quite good ideas that originate in the middle of the pack, in terms of universities,” Clauset says. DeDeo agrees. There is a lot of good work coming out of less famous places, he says: “You can learn a huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people don’t know because they’re not even paying attention.”
63. The word “this” in paragraph 2 refers to the fact that _________. A. the time when good ideas were born decides how far they may spread B. the quality of the original ideas tends to be not easy to maintain
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C. good ideas from less important institutions lack influence
D. scholars in insignificant institutions consider their ideas valueless 64. The case of some hires in paragraph 3 is used to indicate _________. A. the statistics the epidemological model provides for the researchers B. why the originating institutions transfer their new findings
C. how they carry the ideas from lower - to higher - status institutions D. the way the movements of some new ideas happen and their effects
65. Researchers such as Clauset are very much concerned about _________. A. losing quite a number of great and creative thoughts B. missing the opportunities of getting more well-known
C. misusing the epidemiological model in scientific research areas D. having difficulty in finding more proper science department hires 66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. Infectious Diseases B. Original Ideas C. Idea Epidemic D. Epidemiological Model
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. So we try to push back the tide and keep up by multi - tasking.
B. No wonder people say they’re too busy to see friends, exercise or sleep. C. Would it surprise you to hear that we have more leisure time today than ever?
D. How can we learn to spend time in a way that’s more likely to lead to happiness and success?
E. It’s something that economist have been puzzling over and they’ve identified several reasons.
F. Then you will have fewer empty experiences and far ore that are worthy of your precious time.
The Fullness of Time
Most of us think we have very little time, but the truth is we actually have a lot - on average, five hours 49 minutes each day, which means we typically have somewhere between 36 and 40 hours available to be spent every week however we want. So why don’t we feel time - rich? ______67______
One is that we earn more, so time feels more expensive. Then there’s the way we’ve come to see busyness as a status symbol: important people are busy, so we want to be busy, too. Add to that the flood of incoming emails and texts, along with the endless ocean of possibilities, and it’s easy to see where time goes.
A second factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others are doing, making us anxious. _____68______ This fools us into thinking we’re being more productive with our work time, so we try to do it with our leisure time, too. When we’re playing with out kids, we check Facebook. When we’re hanging out with one group
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of friends, we post pictures to show another. This is something sociologists call ‘polluted time’.
We’re also addicted to our devices. In 2007, the amount of leisure time we spent on devices like smart-phones could be measured in minutes. Now, we spend on average 3.5 hours a day online. _____69_____
You might be wondering why you need help deciding how to spend your free time -- after all you know the sort of things you enjoy, so what could be so difficult? Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has a surprising opinion on it. “The popular assumption is that no skills are involved in enjoying free time, anybody can do it. Yet the evidence suggests the opposite; free time is more difficult to enjoy than work.” Worryingly, scientists have found that people are often no happier after a holiday than if they’d never taken one. _____70_____ The question still remains unsettled.
Ⅳ.Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Cryptocurrency（加密货币）
Making payments online is very easy these days if you have a credit card or a bank card that used a payment network. Sending money online to a friend, you have to use a payment service like Google Pay or PayPal, or make a bank transfer. However, there is usually a significant delay before the receiver can use the money, and transfers can have sizeable fees.
In 2008, a group of people published a paper describing a process that would use crypto-graph（密码学）to create a secure electronic cash system, known as a cryptocurrency. Person - to - person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial organization. Each transaction could happen very
quickly. The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to confirm those transactions safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.
Today, there are over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be valid global payment systems like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry. One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.
Another problem is the large number of false cryptocurrencies advertised on the Internet. The advertisements invite Internet users to visit websites offering new
cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along with the victims’ money. In response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.
Ⅴ. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
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72. 我真的应该为自己失礼的行为向你道歉。(owe)
73. 我表哥每天步行一小时去单位，不为省钱，为了保持健康。(but)
74. 医生建议不要口渴了才喝水，而且要多喝白开水，而不是果汁或可口可乐。(before) 75. 这家网站常年以爆料名人的隐私来满足大家的好奇心，真令人不齿！(It)
Ⅵ. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120 - 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是李华，今年暑假在一家老年医疗中心当了一个星期的志愿者。请给你的朋友王平写一封信，与其分享本次经历。你的信必须包括：
l 你的所见所闻 l 你的感悟
（信的开头已经为你写好）
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参考答案
语法部分：
21. themselves 22. have been introduced 23. to come 24. when / if 25. hoping 26. can 27. which 28. what 29. But 30. personalized 词汇部分：
31. G 32.C 33. I 34. A 35. E 36. B 37. K 38. F 39. J 40. H 完型填空：
41 - 45 CACBB 46 - 50 DADBC 51 - 55 BDACD 阅读理解：
56 - 59 DDAB 60 - 62 CBC 63 - 66 DACA 选句填空： 67 - 70 CAEB 概要写作：
71. The Zeigarnik effect, the tendency to remember incomplete tasks better than complete ones, is useful in daily life. Firstly,it can keep people from putting off things when they start with a small step.Besides, it encourages breaks in students’ study, thus improving recall in exams. Thirdly, it promotes mental health by providing the motivation needed to finish tasks. 翻译部分：
72. 导游让游客相信不少欧洲小镇确实值得看一看。（convince）
The tour guide convinced the tourists that many / quite a few European towns / towns in Europe were really / definitely / indeed / well worth seeing / visiting / a visit.
73. 如果你不清楚如何进行生活垃圾分类，不妨登录相关网站进行查询。(sort)
If you don’t know how to sort the household wastes /trash / rubbish, you’d better/ might as well consult / refer to / make inquiries / inquire about them on a relevant website. (If you don’t know: you’d better / might as well)
74. 这部新上映的电影刻画的是生活中最微不足道的小事会如何影响我们的人生轨迹。(feature)
The / This newly - released movie features how the tiniest incidents in our life can have an impact / effect on what our life will be like / the course of our life.
75. 正因为大量健身步道的投入使用，越来越多的上海市民开始了定期户外锻炼，“每天一万步”已成为都市新风尚。(It)
It is because a large number of fitness / jogging /hiking trails have been but use that more and more Shanghai citizens get /become engaged in / take (up) / do / take part in regular outdoor exercise /regular exercise outdoors and 10,000 steps a day has become a new urban trend /fashion.
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2020上海长宁、嘉定、金山高三英语一模试卷附答案
