热点11 任务型阅读
【命题趋势】
为了弥补阅读理解客观题(判断是非题与单项选择题)一统天下、考生容易猜测的局面，近年来各地中考英语阅读理解部分都引入了属于主观题性质的任务型阅读，要求考生或填写表格(一般限定词数)，或回答问题。这类试题的难度最大，考生如果不能真正读懂并理解文章，就无法下笔。 值得一提的是,近年来任务型阅读的主观题在各地中考英语试题中所占的比例越来越大，有的地方试题甚至采用两篇,既要求考生根据文章填写表格，又要求考生在阅读文章后回答问题，但是，综观任何一组中考英语阅读理解试题，试题的难易度分布非常有序。 【满分技巧】
此类任务型阅读是各种题型的综合，可以给出不同的任务让学生逐一完成。一般是在问题设计上兼顾了多种类型，既有根据短文设计的问答题和相应的翻译题、句型转换等，又有根据内容完成句子，完成这一题型应非常细致，应认真地到原材料中收集有用的信息，并且经过整理输出信息。在明白题意和文章的基础上仔细阅读后面的题目要求，根据实际情况去完成所要求的任务。具体答题策略如下：
1.认真审题，读懂题意
由于目要求形式多样，在同一篇阅读材料中会要求完成不同的任务，因此解题前要先明确任务，做到心中有数。
2.快读阅读，掌握大意
在做影时要快速扫视一下文章的大意，然后结合前面的题目的要求，大致明白所要完成的任务。 3.细读题目，完成任务
在明白题意和文章意思的基础上，仔细阅读后面的题目要求，在原文中找出问题题干所包括的信部分，这样就可以快速准确地抓住有效信思，确保答题的佳确性。如果是根据英文释义写单词的题，则一定要确保所填的单词来源于原文，切不可脱离原文，随意发挥。 【热点话题】（建议用时：30分钟）
阅读、健康、垃圾分类及说明建议类等。 【限时检测】
A
（2019 ?天津市） 话题：交朋友 难度：★ 建议用时：7分 Friends are an important part of our lives． We spend time with them， have fun
together．and share our opinions，feelings and even secrets．Life would be boring without friends．
Friends influence who we are．help us learn，supportus in good and bad times．and （支持）care for us even when we are not happy．
Often．we have many happy moments with our friends．We need someone to share things with to make them more enjoyable．Being lonely for long periods of time is not a great feeling．
That is why it is important to spend time making friends and nurturing （维持），a close group of friends．
It is important to have a friend to talk to，whether（不论） it is about a sad or happy subject．
In good times， it is wonderful to be able to celebrate with someone． It is also important to have someone support you if you have just had an unpleasant experience． Friends arc important pillars（中心人物）of support．
Friends teach us important lessons． No two persons are the same． As time goes by， we learn to respect one another's differences． This acceptance of others' differences is important as we meet more and more people in our lives， such as new family members， neighbours and new friends． 1.Life without friends．
2. Being lonely for long periods of time ．
3. It is important to have a friend to talk to， whether ． 4. You need someone to support you if ．
5. No two persons are the same， so we should ． 【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍的是朋友的重要性，以及如何与朋友相处．
1. would be boring．细节理解题．根据第一段最后的句子Life would be boring without friends，\没有朋友，生活将是很无聊的\，可确定此处要填写would be boring．故答案为would be boring．
2. is not a great feeling．细节理解题．第三段最后的句子Being lonely for long periods of time is not a great feeling，意思是\长时间的寂寞不是一种好的感觉\．根据这个句子判定此处应该填写is not a great feeling．答案为is not a great feeling．
3. it is about a sad or happy subject．细节理解题．根据文中的句子 It is important to have a friend to talk to，whether it is about a sad or happy subject，\有一个朋友去聊天儿是很重要的，不管你谈的是难过的还是快乐的话题\．因此应该填写it is about a sad or happy subject．故答案为it is about a sad or happy subject． 4. you have just had an unpleasant experience．细节理解题．根据文中的句子 It is also important to have someone support you if you have just had an unpleasant experience可以确定此题答案是you have just had an unpleasant experience．这话的意思是\如果你刚刚有一个不愉快的经历，你需要有人来支持你\．故答案为you have just had an unpleasant experience．
5. learn to respect one another's differences．细节理解题．文章说No two persons are the same． As time goes by， we learn to respect one another's differences，\没有两个人是相同的．随着时间的流逝，我们学会尊重别人的差别\，因此看出此处要填写learn to respect one another's differences．故答案为learn to respect one another's differences．
B
（2019 ?江苏省无锡市） 话题：茶文化 难度：★★ 建议用时：7分 阅读填空 先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。
Britons are well known for drinking tea. The average (典型的) person in the UK drinks around 1.9 kg of tea every year. That’s around 876 cups of tea. Tea is drunk by all levels of society. But tea does not grow in Britain. Most tea grows in India and China. So, how did it become an important part of British culture?
Tea arrived in London in the 1600s. At this time, British ships were exploring the world and came across the drink in China. It was not long before green tea could be bought from the market. However, it was only for the rich people.
At the beginning of the 1700s, the amount（数量）of tea arriving in Britain increased rapidly . Black tea arrived at this time. At first this tea served exactly as it was in China. They soon discovered that it mixed really well with a little milk and sugar, giving the drink a special British colour.
In the 1800s, tea was still a product enjoyed only by people with money. At this time they began to have
“afternoon tea”. They drank tea with a snack around 4 pm to avoid feeling hungry between lunch and dinner. It is a still going today but has become less popular in recent times.
Title: ____1____ and Britain-a short history Important facts Drinking tea is an important part of British culture. The average British drinks about 1.9 kg of tea every year. Tea is not _____2_____ in the UK, but mostly in India and China. British ships discovered tea in China while exploring the world and it arrived in London in the 1600s. Black tea arrived at the beginning of the 1970s and Britons first drank it exactly the same way as the ___3___ did. Big events A little milk and sugar were found to be a perfect ___4___ for black tea and a special British drink was born. Britons began to have ‘afternoon tea’ in the 1800s and it has ___5___ a tradition since then. 【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍了茶是如何成为英国文化的重要组成部分的？英国人以喝茶而闻名。但是茶在英国不生长。大多数茶叶生长在印度和中国。茶在16世纪到达伦敦，在17世纪初，到达英国的茶叶数量迅速增加。在19世纪，英国人开始喝“下午茶”。从那时起，它就成了一种传统。
1. tea 【解析】细节理解题。根据So, how did it become an important part of British culture? 那么，它是如何成为英国文化的重要组成部分的呢？可以推知本文解释了茶是如何成为英国文化的重要组成部分的。因此题目应该是茶与英国——一段短暂的历史。故答案为：tea。
2. grown 【解析】细节理解题。根据But tea does not grow in Britain. 但是茶在英国不生长。所给的句子Tea is not _____2_____ in the UK, but mostly in India and China.是一般现在时的被动句，故应该填grow的过去分词grown。所以答案为：grown。
3. Chinese 【解析】细节理解题。根据At first this tea served exactly as it was in China. 起初，这种茶和中国的茶一模一样。句子Black tea arrived at the beginning of the 1970s and Britons first drank it exactly the same way as the ___3___ did.的意思是：红茶在20世纪70年代初问世，英国人第一次喝红茶的方式和中国人完全一样。所以答案为：Chinese。
4. colour 【解析】细节理解题。根据They soon discovered that it mixed really well with a little milk and sugar, giving the drink a special British colour. 他们很快发现，它与少量的牛奶和糖很好地混合，使这种饮料具有英国特有的颜色。可知，本题应该填：colour；句子A little milk and sugar were found to be a perfect ___4___ for black tea and a special British drink was born.的意思是：少量的牛奶和糖被发现是红茶的完美颜色，一种特殊的英国饮料诞生了。所以答案为：colour。
5. became 【解析】细节理解题。根据It is a still going today but has become less popular in recent times. 它在今天仍在进行，但近来已不那么流行了。也就是说：从那时起，就成了一种传统。句子Britons began to have ‘afternoon tea’ in the 1800s and it has ___5___ a tradition since then. 的意思是：19世纪，英国人开始喝下午茶，从那时起，它就成了一种传统。本句话是现在完成时。其结构是：助动词 has/have+动词的过去分词。所以答案为：became。
C
（2019 ?岳阳市） 话题：电影 难度：★★ 建议用时：7分 阅读短文，然后根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。
Amazing China is a 90-minute documentary about the development of China. Many people have watched it. We asked some students how they liked this movie. Here are their opinions.
▲ The director Wei Tie made this successful movie. It shows that China has progressed rapidly in the past nearly 70 years.
——Li Lin
▲This movie drew a picture of common people’s great work, I’m proud of our country because all the Chinese try to achieve Chinese dream.
——Xu Wei
▲ In this documentary, we saw the longest sea-crossing bridge in the world, Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. Now, China also has longer high-speed rail network (高铁网) than any other country.
——Liu Yang
▲ The film helped people to know China better. The stories in the movie touched my heart deeply. From then on, I decided to work harder than before.
——Huang Lei
1. What kind of movie is Amazing China?
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2020年中考英语热点专题突破训练十一 任务型阅读
