分在意自己的外表和行为。他们头脑里常有这样不安的想法：我给别人留下了怎样的印象？别人喜欢我吗？我是否听起来很蠢？我穿的衣服难看吗？ 显而易见，这些不适的感觉对人有负面影响。一个人的自我认识体现在他/她的言行举止上，这些行为影响着他人对此作出反映。总体来说，人们对自身的看法深刻影响到他们生活的方方面面。 害羞的人往往自信不足，常常被动，易受他人影响。他们需要有相信自己的心态，认识到自己所做的是正确的。害羞的人对批评意见比较敏感。他们感到自卑意识由此增强。害羞的人难以取悦。他们会说这样的话：“你说那些是让我高兴，其实我知道我没那么好。” 显然，自我意识是一种良好的品质，过份的自我意识就不好了。 害羞能够消除或至少减轻吗？当然。只要人们坚定耐心地培养自信就可克服害羞。既然害羞源自缺乏自信，人们应该在看到自己长处的同时认识自己的短处。 每个人都是独特的，有价值的个体，有自己的行为方式。我们对自己了解越多，我们就越能发挥自己的潜能。不要让害羞妨碍我们享受丰富的人生。 1. 一段第—二句话提到“害羞的人很紧张和敏感，他们对于自己的外表和行为过分关心。”所以选B为正确答案。 2．[答案]A。[解析]细节推断题。根据第三段最后一句，可知自我意识是—种好的品质，所以选A。选项C有干扰性，过度的自我意识是有害的，而不是说自我意识是有害的。 3．[答案]B。[解析]细节推断题。根据第三段第五句。 4. [答案]C。[解析]细节推断题。根据文中最后一句“我们不应该让害羞阻碍我们过丰富的有价值的生活。”可知正确答案是C。 5．[答案]B。 [解析]细节推断题。第五段第二句话提到，“我们越了解自己就越越容易发挥自己的潜质。”可以推断出我们应该正确了解自己，所以选B。 Passage 4
What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works.
The scientist’s knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations. Einstein’s ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations. 1. What makes a scientist according to the passage? A. The tools he uses. B. The way he uses his tools. C. His ways of learning. D. The various tools he uses.
2. “The scientist, however, goes one step further…”. The author says this to show ________. A. the importance of information B. the importance of thinking
C. the difference between scientists and ordinary people
D. the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs 3. A sound scientific theory should be one that ________.
A. works not only under one set of conditions at one time, but also under the same conditions at other times B. does not allow any changes even under different conditions C. can be used for many purposes D. leave no room for improvement
4. The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate ________. A. the measurements are keys to success in science B. that accuracy of mathematics
C. that the investigations are important in science D. that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The theory of relativity.
B. Exactness is the core of science.
C. Scientists are different from ordinary people.
D. Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist. 是什么使一个普通人成为科学家？他有与从不同的学习方法和工具吗？答案是否定的。不是因为科学家使用的工具，而是因为他使用工具的方法使他成为科学家。你也许认同怎么
用力对一名木匠来说很重要。你也许也认同怎么研究调查，发现信息对每个人来说都很重要。然而，科学家比这更进一步，他必须确定他对自己的问题得出了一个合理的答案，并且他的答案通过别人也可以得到证实。他同时把自己得出的许多答案归结为一个系统的关于世界如何运作的观点。 科学家的知识必须很确切。不能给半错半对或者只有一半机会对的情况留任何空间。他必须在条件允许的情况下尽可能正确。在一种条件下成功一次的话必须在同样的条件下都能成功。如果条件不同，科学家在证明过程中观察到的任何变化都必须解释他的条件是如何变化的。这是关于调查研究在科学研究中十分重要的其中一个理由。爱因斯坦通过数学方法提出了相对论。他的数学运用的正确性被后人通过调查研究的方法证实该理论是正确的。一个科学家会用很多工具来测量。测量的结果用来进行数学计算，再进行调查研究的测试。 Passage 5
A city man was on holiday in the mountains. He talked with a mountain man and found that the man was stupid. So he suggested they play a game. “We'll ask each other questions, ” he said, “and the person will pay a dollar if he can't answer one question.” The mountain man thought about this for a few minutes, then said that the city man paid a dollar and he paid only 50 cents. The city man agreed.
“What has three legs and can fly?” asked the mountain man. The city man thought a while, then answered “I don't know. Here is your dollar.”
Then he asked the same question: “What has three legs and can fly?” “I don't know, either,” said the mountain man. “Here is your 50 cents.” 1. A city man was on holiday ________. A. in a far away place B. on the high hills C. in a city D. in a village
2. The city man found the mountain man was ________. A. not clever B. on the high hills C. clever D. strong 3. The city man said, “We'll ________.” A. fight each other B. help each other C. ask each other questions D. look at each other 4. The mountain man ________. A. knew the answer himself B. didn't know the answer himself C. told the answer to the city man D. didn't want to tell the city man the answer 5. At last ________.
A. the city man got one dollar B. the city man got 50 cents C. the mountain man got one dollar D. the mountain man got 50 cents Passage 6
Look at the instructions on the bottle of the medicine and then choose the right answers.
John is twelve years old. He had a bad cold and coughed day and night. He went to see a doctor. The doctor gave him some cough medicine. Cough Medicine
Shake (摇动) it well before use.
Take it three times each day before meals. Dose (药量):
Age: over 14 2 teaspoonfuls(勺) 8—13 1 teaspoonful 4—7 1／2 teaspoonful
Not right for children below the age of three. Put it in a cold place. Use it before December 1st 2002.
1. John should take ________ a day. A. 2 teaspoonfuls B. 3 teaspoonfuls C. 4 teaspoonfuls D. 1 teaspoonful 2. The medicine should be kept in ________. A. a fridge B. hot water C. any place D. the sun 3. John should ________ before he takes it. A. shake the medicine well B. eat nothing C. do some exercise D. drink a cup of tea 4. When people are ________ years old, they cannot take this medicine. A. eighty B. thirty C. two D. twelve 5. John will ________ the medicine when it is left after Dec.1st, 2002.
A. throw away B. stop to take C. take once D. take six times more 【答案与解析】约翰病了，咳嗽得很厉害。医生给他开了些药。咳嗽药上说明书的内容主要包括了药品的服用方法、药量、贮存条件以及保质期等。 1. B。根据“John is twelve years old.”和“8—13 1 teaspoonful”可知B为正确答案。 2. A。“Put it in a cold place.”是本题答案的依据。 3. A。答案就在“Shake(摇动)it well before use.”中。 4. C。由“Not right for children below the age of three”这句话可知，此药不适用于三岁以下的儿童。 5. A。本说明的最后一句说的是此药品的保质期。答案显然为A。
大学英语(B)阅读理解练习题与答案 - 图文
