直播旱种与秸秆还田方式对稻田温室气体排放的影响
张自常;刘立军;王志琴;杨建昌;李永丰
【期刊名称】《农业科学与技术（英文版）》 【年(卷),期】2015(000)001
【摘要】Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of direct-seeding with non-flooding and wheat residue returning patterns on greenhouse gas emission from rice paddy. [Method] Two rice cultivars currently used in the production, Yangdao 6 (an indica) and Yangjing 4038 (a japonica), were field grown using a direct-seeding method, and four treatments, wheat straw incorporation into soil and traditional flooding (SlF), non-flooding and wheat straw mulching (NSM), non-flooding and wheat straw incorporation into soil (NSl) and traditional flooding (no straw returned, Control, TF), were imposed after sowing to maturity. Effects of direct-seeding with non-flooding and wheat residue returning patterns on CH4, N2O and CO2 emissions were investigated by using the method of static chamber-gas chromatographic tech-niques. [Result] Grain yield showed no significant difference between non-flooding and flooding treatments, but was significantly higher under the SlF than under any other treatments. The emission flux of CH4 and CO2 under TF and SlF exhibited a single peak curve, while changed little under the NSl and NSM. The emission flux of N2O showed multiple perk curves for al the treatments. Compared with TF,
SlF significantly increased mean emission flux of CH4 or N2O, decreased emission of N2O, while NSl and NSM significantly decreased the mean emission flux of CH4, and increased emission flux of N2O and CO2. SlF also increased Green Warm Po-tential (GWP) of CH4, N2O and CO2 and the GWP per unit grain yield by 47.3%-53.7% and 32.2%-39.4%, respectively. Both NSl and NSM decreased GWP by 24.2%-29.6% and 30.1%-35.5%, and the GWP per unit grain yield was decreased by 21.7-27.2% and 25.6%-31.1%, respectively. [Conclusion] both NSl and NSM could significantly reduce greenhouse effect of CH4, N2O and CO2 meanwhile main-tain a high grain yield.%[目的]为探讨直播旱种和麦秸秆还田方式对稻田温室气体排放的影响。[方法]以扬稻6（籼稻）和扬粳4038（粳稻）为材料进行直播，设置麦秸秆掩埋水种(SIF)、麦秸秆覆盖旱种（NSM）、麦秸秆掩埋旱种(NSI)和常规水种（TF,秸秆不还田，对照）4种处理。利用静态箱-气相色谱法测定稻田温室气体排放。[结果]旱种的产量与水种的产量无显著差异，但 SIF处理的产量显著高于其它处理。稻田CH4排放通量在 TF和 SIF 处理下呈单一的峰值曲线，在 NSI和 NSM处理下变化范围较小。各处理 N2O排放通量呈多峰曲线。与 TF相比，SIF显著增加了 CH4和 CO2的平均排放通量，降低了 N2O的排放速率，而 NSI和 NSM显著降低了 CH4的平均排放通量，增加了 N2O和CO2的排放通量；SIF排放的 CH4、N2O和 CO2所产生的全球增温潜势（ GWP）和单位面积产量的 GWP分别增加47.3%~53.7%和32.2%~39.4%，NSI和 NSM的 GWP分别降低了24.2%~29.6%和30.1%~35.5%，单位面积产量的 GWP分别降低
21.7%~27.2%和25.6%~31.1%。[结论]麦秸秆覆盖旱种和麦秸秆掩埋旱种在维持较高产量的同时，可显著降低稻田温室气体的排放。 【总页数】6页(16-21)
【关键词】直播稻;秸秆还田;旱种;温室气体 【作者】张自常;刘立军;王志琴;杨建昌;李永丰
【作者单位】江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所，江苏南京 210014; 扬州大学/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室，江苏扬州 225009;扬州大学/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室，江苏扬州 225009;扬州大学/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室，江苏扬州 225009;扬州大学/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室，江苏扬州 225009;江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所，江苏南京 210014 【正文语种】中文 【中图分类】 【文献来源】
https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/academic-journal-cn_agricultural-science-technology_thesis/020122678158.html 【相关文献】
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直播旱种与秸秆还田方式对稻田温室气体排放的影响
