2008年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题
Paper One
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (30 % ) Section A
Directions: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question about what is said. The question will be read only once. After you hear the question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. Listen to the following example. You will hear:
Woman: I feel faint.
Man: No wonder. You haven' t had a bite all day. Question: What's the matter with the woman? You will read: A. She is sick.
B. She was bitten by an ant. C. She is hungry.
D. She spilled her paint. Here C is the right answer.
Sample Answer A B C D Now let's begin with question number 1. 1. A. It was called offunexpectedly. B. It raised more money than expected. C. It received fewer people than expected.
D. It disappointed the woman for the man' s absence. 2. A. A thoracic case. B. A nervous disorder. C. A stomach problem. D. A psychiatric condition. 3. A. In the housing office on campus. B. In the downtown hotel C. At the rental agency. D. In the nursing home. 4. A Thrilled. B. Refreshed. C. Exhausted. D. Depressed. 5. A. To travel with his parents. B. To organize a picnic in the country. C. To cruise, even without his friends. D. To take a flight to the Maldives instead. 6. A. He' s got a revert. B. He's got nausea.
C. He' s got diarrhea. D. He' s got a runny nose. 7. A. To suture the man's wound. B. To remove the bits of glass. C. To disinfect the man's wound. D. To take a closer look at the man's wound. 8. A. Mr. Lindley had got injured. B. Mr. Lindley had fallen asleep. C. Mr. Lindley had fallen offhis chair. D. Mr. Lindley had lost consciousness. 9. A. She will apply to Duke University.
B. She will probably attend the University of Texas.
C. She made up her mind to give up school for work.
D. She chose Duke University over the University of Texas.
10. A. Her boyfriend broke up with her. B. She was almost run over by a truck. C. One of her friends was emotionally hurt.
D. She dumped her boyfriend's truck in the river.
11. A. The patient will not accept the doctor's recommendation. B. The doctor lost control of the allergic reaction. C. The doctor finds it hard to decide what to do. D. The medicine is not available to the patient.
12. A. It was more expensive than the original price. B. It was given to the woman as a gift. C. It was the last article on sale. D. It was a good bargain. 13. A. Excited. B. Impatient. C. Indifferent. D. Concerned, 14. A. She regrets buying the car. B. The car just arrived yesterday. C. She will certainly not buy the ear. D. This is the car she has been wanting. 15. A. He is seriously iii. B. His work is a mess. C. The weather is lousy this week. D. He has been working under pressure. Section B
Directions: In this part you will hear three passages. After each one, you will hear five
questions. After each question, read the four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One
16. A. He has got bowel cancer B. He has got heart disease. C. He has got bone cancer. D. He has got heartburn. 17. A. To have a colonoscopy. B. To seek a second opinion C. To be put on chemotherapy. D. To have his bowel removed. 18. A. A pretty minor surgery. B. A normal life ahead of him. C. A miracle in his coming years. D. A life without any inconveniences. 19. A. Thankful. B. Admiring. C. Resentful. D. Respectful. 20. A. It was based on the symptoms the man had described. B. It was prescribed considering possible complications. C. it was given according to the man' s actual condition. D. it was effective because of a proper intervention. Passage Two
21. A. Smoking and lung Cancer. B. Lung cancer and the sexes. C. How to quit Smoking. D. How to prevent lung cancer. 22. A. Current smokers exclusively. B. Second-hand smokers. C. With a lung problem. D. At age 40 or over. 23. A. 156. B. 269. C. 7498. D. 9427. 24. A. Smoking is the culprit in causing lung cancer B. Women are more vulnerable in lung cancer than men.
C. Women are found to be more addicted to smoking than men.
D. When struck by lung cancer, men seem to live longer than women. 25. A. Lung cancer can be early detected. B. Lung cancer is deadly but preventable. C. Lung cancer is fatal and unpredictable.
D. Smoking affects the lungs of men and women differently. Passage Three 26. A. A hobby. B. The whole world. C. A learning experience. D. A career to earn a living. 27. A. Her legs were broken. B. Her arms were broken.
C. Her shoulders were severely injured.
D. Her cervical vertebrae were seriously injured. 28. A. She learned a foreign language, B. She learned to make friends C. She learned to be a teacher. D. She learned living skills. 29. A. She worked as skiing coach. B. She was a college instructor.
C. She was a social worker in the clinic. D. She worked as elementary school teacher. 30. A. Optimistic and hard-bitten. B. Pessimistic and cynical. C. Humorous and funny. D. Kind and reliable. Part Ⅱ Vocabulary ( 10% ) Section A
Directions: In this section all the statements are incomplete, beneath each of which are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can best complete the statement and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.
31. I am afraid that you' 11 have to ________ the deterioration of the condition. A. account for B. call for C. look for D. make for
32. Twelve hours a week seemed a generous ________ of your time to the nursing home. A. affliction B. alternative C. allocation D. alliance 33. Every product is ________ tested before being put into the market. A. expensively B. exceptionally C. exhaustively D. exclusively 34. Having clean hands is one of the ________ rules when preparing food. A. potent B. conditional C. inseparable D. cardinal 35. The educators should try hard to develop the ________ abilities of children. A. cohesive B. cognitive C. collective D. comic
36. Mortgage ________ had risen in the last year because the number of low-income families was on the increase. A. defects B. deficits C. defaults D. deceptions 37. The symptoms may be ________ by certain drugs. A. exaggerated B. exacerbated C. exceeded D. exhibited
38. Her story was a complete ________ from start to finish, so nobody believed in her. A. facility B. fascination C. fabrication D. faculty 39. The police investigating the traffic accident have not ruled out ________ . A. salvage B. safeguard C. sabotage D. sacrifice
40. The government always ________ on the background of employees who are hired for sensitive military projects. A. takes up B. cheeks up C. works out D. looks into Section B
Directions: In this section, each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined, beneath which are four words or phrases. Choose the word or phrase which can best keep the
meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlined part. Then mark your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.
41. The 19th century physiology was dominated by the study of the transformations of food energy in- to body mass and activity. A. boosted B. governed C. clarified D. pioneered
42. Surely, it would be sensible to get a second opinion before taking any further action. A. realistic B. sensitive C. reasonable D. sensational 43. The Chinese people hold their ancestors in great veneration. A. recognition B. sincerity C. heritage D. honor 44. I worked to develop the requisite skill for a managerial. A. perfect B. exquisite C. unique D. necessary
45. If exercise is a bodily maintenance activity and an index of physiological age, the lack of sufficient exercise may either cause or hasten aging. A. instance B. indicator C. appearance D. option 46. The doctor advised Ken to avoid strenuous exercise. A. arduous B. demanding C. potent D. continuous 47. The hospital should be held accountable for the quality of care it delivers. A. practicable B. reliable C. flexible D. responsible
48. Greenpeace has been invited to appraise the environment costs of such an operation. A. esteem B. appreciate C. evaluate D. approve 49. The company still hopes to find a buyer, but the future looks bleak. A. chilly B. dismal C. promising D. fanatic 50. These were vital decisions that bore upon the happiness of everybody. A. ensured B. mined C. achieved D. influenced Part Ⅲ Cloze (10%)
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten numbered blanks. For each blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D . Choose the best answer mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.
Are some people born clever and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely 51 , the answer to both these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius 52 a child born with low intelligence, On the other hand, a child who lives in boring environment will develop his intelligence less than the one who lives in rich and varied
surroundings. Thus the 53 of a person' s intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his 54 This view, not held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent 55 we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people 56 , it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical twins they will likely be as
intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have57 intelligence and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.58 now that we take identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in
intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment 59 birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the 60 that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence. 51. A. quite B. enough C. sure D. so 52. A. out of B. into C. from within D. off 53. A. amounts B. qualities C. limits D. scores 54. A. disposition B. perception C. endowment D. environment 55. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 56. A. in advance B. for effect C. at random D. under way 57. A. similar B. various C. appropriate D. inborn 58. A. Look B. Believe C. Suggest D. Imagine 59. A. and B. or rather C. as well as D. but for 60. A. fact B. event C. condition D. environment Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (30 % )
Directions: In this part there are six passages, each of which is followed by five questions. For each question there are four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One
Fourteen-year-old Sean MeCallum lay in a hospital bed waiting for a new heart. Without it, Scan would die. Sean' s case is not unusual. Everyday many people die because there just aren't enough human organs to go around.
Now scientists say they can alter the genetic make-up of certain animals so that their organs may be acceptable to humans. With this gene-altering technique to overcome our immune rejection to foreign organs, scientists hope to use pig hearts for transplants by the year 2008. That prospect, however, has stirred up strong opposition among animal fight activists. They protest that the whole idea of using animal organs is cruel and unjust; some scientists also fear such transplants may transform unknown diseases to humans.
Others believe transplanting animal organs into humans is unnecessary. Millions of dollars spent on breeding pigs for their organs could be better spent on health education programs. They believe seventy-five percent of the heart disease cases that lead to a need for organ transplant are preventable. The key is to convince people to eat healthfully, and not to smoke or drink alcohol. Scientists could also use research funds to improve artificial organs.
Still others believe that though new inventions and prevention programs may help, spending money to encourage more people to donate their organs is an even better idea. If enough people were educated about organ donations, everyone who needed an organ could be taken off the waiting list in a year.
61. What is the problem the passage begins with? A. High mortality rate of immune rejection B. A malpractice in heart transplantation. C. An unusual case of organ transplant D. A shortage of human organs
62. Not only is the gene-altering technique a technical issue, according to the passage but also it________ .
A. introduces an issue of inhumanity
2008-2010年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试题(附答案解析)
