课时作业18 Unit 6 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas, Presenting ideas & Reflection
Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．[2016·天津卷]The majority (major) of them take an online language test before starting their programme.
2．[2024·天津3月卷]People can be given the information earlier and take steps to_improve (improve) their health before it's too late. 3．[2024·全国卷Ⅱ改编]Doing (do) volunteer work gives her a sense of duty.
4．[2024·北京卷]．.. it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene (聚乙烯)．
5．[2024·全国Ⅲ卷]Today $ 8 or $ 10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens.
6．[2016·全国Ⅲ卷]People probably cooked their food in large pots, using twigs (树枝) to_remove (remove) it. 7．[2024·江苏卷]The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should take people's essential needs into account. 8．[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]I never felt an urge to_learn (learn) any sign language before.
9．[2024·江苏卷]He felt concerned about his illness. 10．[2024·浙江卷]Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study.
11．[2024·天津卷]It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat. 12．[2024·北京卷]Traveling along the old Silk Road is (be) an interesting and rewarding experience.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
[2024·浙江卷]California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor (因素)．
The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46,000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees
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has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.
Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources (资源)．
But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.
The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt (融雪)．
Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.
【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述了美国加利福尼亚州的森林中大树急剧减少的现象，并分析了其原因。
1．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
B．The increasing variety of California big trees. C．The distribution of big trees in California forests. D．The influence of farming on big trees in California.
答案与解析：A 段落大意题。根据文章第二段中“The number of trees... declined by 50 percent... more than 55 percent... 75 percent”提到的数字可知，该段主要描述了加州森林中大树急剧减少了的严重性，故选A项。
2．Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for
big trees?
A．Ecological studies of forests. B．Banning woodcutting.
C．Limiting housing development.
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D．Fire control measures.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Aggressive wildfire control... compete with big trees for resources (资源)”可知，声势浩大的森林防火措施虽然一定程度上保护了森林，但同时也导致小树泛滥，与大树争抢资源，从而导致大树数量减少，故选D项。
3．What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre?
A．Inadequate snowmelt. B．A longer dry season. C．A warmer climate. D．Dampness of the air.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Sine the 1930s, McIntyre said... have been rising temperatures... reduces the water supply”可知，McIntyre认为水资源短缺的主要原因是逐渐上升的气温，故选C项。
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．California's Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone? B．Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon C．Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests? D．Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California
答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章主要讲述了美国加州森林中大树数量急剧下降的现象，并分析了其原因。因此A项能很好地概括全文。
B
A man who broke his neck outdoors in freezing conditions survived lying in snow for nearly 20 hours thanks to his dog, who kept him warm through the night and barked for help.
The Michigan man, named only as Bob, was alone when he left his farmhouse on New Year's Eve to collect firewood. Predicting a journey of only several metres, Bob was wearing just long jeans, a shirt and slippers when he went outside, despite the temperature being around -4 ℃. However, he slipped and broke his
neck.
“I was screaming for help but my nearest neighbour is about a quarter mile away and it was 10：30 p．m., but my Kelsey came，” said Bob. Kelsey is Bob's five－year－old Golden
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2024-2024学年高中外研版英语必修第二册课时作业Unit+6 Earth+first+3+Word版含解析
