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2012年广州中考重点考点归纳
必考内容之一: 被动语态 考查形式:单项、完型、完成句子题型出现,尤其是完成句子题型。
考查难度:考察的动词都是比较简单、拼写不超过5个字母的单词,过去分词一般都是直接+ed,出题不难,要求掌握被动语态的判断、被动语态的结构和动词过去分词的正确拼写。 要点归纳:
①结构:be + 过去分词 + (by+动作执行者) ②掌握几种形式:
? 一般现在时的被动语态: ? 一般过去时的被动语态: ? 现在完成时的被动语态: ? 一般将来时的被动语态: ? 含有情态动词的被动语态: ③ 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带to,但变为被动语态时,须加上to。
例:make somebody do something → _____________________________________________ ④ 被动语态常考的固定搭配:
? be made of
? be made from
? be made in
? be used for =be used to do
? 注意:be used to doing
used to do sth.
⑤ 无被动语态的不及物动词常考的有:happen, take place, begin, start, end,
belong to, come true.
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必考内容之二: 宾语从句 考查形式:单项、完成句子
考查难度:考查较全面,考生必须对引导词、时态和语序这三个重点 要点归纳:
① 陈述语序:_____________________________
② 时态:
1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。可归纳为“主现从不限” 2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。可归纳为“主过从四过” 3.主句用过去时,从句是客观真理时,只用一般现在时。
4.情态动词could/would用于,“请求”,表示委婉、客气的语气时,从句不受主句的约束。 ③ 宾语从句的简化:_____________________________
区分:what to do & how to do +宾语:
________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ④ whether & if 的区别:
____________________________________________
e.g.: They haven’t decided where to build the new hospital.(改为同一意思的复合句) _____________________________________________________________________ Could you tell me how to keep in touch with you?
______________________________________________________________________
We hope that we shall see you again.
______________________________________________________________________
必考内容之三: 状语从句 考查形式:单项、完型、完成句子,重点考查条件状语从句、目的状语从句、时间状语从
句,时间状语从句往往结合过去进行时考查。在完型填空出现一般都是选择正确的引导词。
考查难度:考察较多的是引导词方面的,对于时态方面的考察较少。考生复习时除了要掌
握状语从句各个连词的意义,同时也需要掌握“主将从现”的时态要求。
要点归纳:① 时间状语从句:when & while 的运用
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注:while有“然而”的意思,表示转折
② as soon as _____________________________________ ③ not… until ____________________________________ ④ if & unless ____________________________________
考查内容之四:定语从句 考查形式:单项、完型
考查难度:主要考查引导词的选择——关系代词that、which、who以及关系副词where、
when
要点归纳:
① that:______________________________________________________ ② which:_____________________________________________________ ② who:_______________________________________________________ ③ where:_______________________________________________________ ④ when:_______________________________________________________ ⑤ why:________________________________________________________
记忆诀窍:从句是完整的句子则用when/where,不完整时则用which/that. 选项同时出现which & that,则一定不选which/that。
请记住常考的几个及物动词:visit, spend, forget, remember它们后面需接宾语,故用which/that,或省略引导词。
I told him________ he was wrong.
The person _______ broke the window must pay for it. This is the book________the teacher mentioned yesterday. He has forgotten the day________he arrived.
He still remembers the days _________ he spent with your family.
Next month,______you’ll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, is approaching. He didn’t tell me the place_________ he was born. This is the place ________ I have ever visited.
He lived in a small village, ________ was a long way from the railway station. That is the reason_______ I don’t want to go. I still remember the day________ I first met Tom This is the house ________ I want to buy. This is the house _________ we lived last year. I still remember the park _________ we first met.
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必考内容之五:感叹句 考查形式:单项、完成句子
考查难度:考察较简单,基本属于送分题。考生须掌握how和what引导的感叹句的基本句
型,并且熟悉一些常用形容词和副词的拼写。
要点归纳:
① What + a / an +adj. + 单数名词 (+主语+ 谓语)! ② What + adj. + 复数名词 (+主语+ 谓语)! ③ What + adj. + 不可数名词(+主语+ 谓语)!
常考的几个不可数名词:food, news , weather, fun, music, work,
information, advice, suggestion
注意:what引导的感叹句,主语+谓语可以省略 ④ How + adj. + a / an + 单数名词(+主语+ 谓语)! ⑤ How + adj. / adv. + 主语+ 谓语! ⑥ How + 句子!
必考内容之六:反意疑问句 考查形式:单项选择
考查难度:较简单,考生只需掌握该语法点的原则,一般都能做对。 要点归纳:
① 原则:1. 前肯后否,前否后肯 2. 前名后代 3. 时态一致
常考的否定词:never, few, little, hardly, no, seldom, nobody, nothing, none ② 常考句型:
? 含有have/ has / had 时
若出现在完成时态中,则用__________________提问 She has done his homework, ________ ________? 否则,找助动词do/does/did 帮忙
They had to leave early to catch the train, ______ ______? He has few friends in the new school, ______ ______? had better 用had
We’d better stay at home today, ____________? ? There be…, ______ there?
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? Let's ...,____________? Let us…, _______________? ? 祈使句,________________? ③ 反义疑问句的回答:
若动作发生,则用___________________。若动作未发生,则用___________________。 e.g.: You don’t have money,__________?
注意前面是否定句回答时与中文意思的区别:
如果说你身上的确没有钱,怎么回答:___________________.(中文翻译意思是:____________)
如果说你身上有钱,怎么回答:___________________.(中文翻译意思是:____________)
必考内容之七:动词 考查形式:时态、情态动词、动词短语、分词作形容词、非谓语动词 考查难度:动词是词法的核心,考查范围较大,难度较大 一、时态要点归纳
考点一:主将从现 (在状语从句中已经提到) 考点二:现在完成时
时间标志:for + 时间段、since + 时间点/一般过去时的句子、already、yet、ever、never “How long...?”、含有“time”表示次数的句子中 要点归纳:
have been to + 地点 _____________________________ 区分 have gone to + 地点 _____________________________
have been in + 地点 + for + 时间段 ___________________________
瞬间动词与延续性动词间的转换:
die – be dead buy – have borrow – keep leave/go – be away (from) make friends – be friends begin / start – be on arrive / get to / reach / come – be in / be at / stay join (the Party) – be a (Party) member / be in (the Party)
句型:It is + 时间 + since + 一般过去时的句子 It is three years since he joined the party. 考点三:过去进行时 (在时间状语从句中考查)
考点四:一般现在时(客观真理)、一般过去时 (在宾语从句中考查)
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