【英语】初中英语短语动词解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)
一、短语动词
1．—How was your May Day holiday?
—Just so so, I tried to find a place to park my car near He Garden, but they were all ______. A. looked up B. taken up C. put up D. turned up 【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：—你的五一假期过得怎么样？—一般般，我努力地在花园附近找地方停车，但是他们都被占了。looked up查找；taken up占据；put up张贴；turned up出现，把声音开大。根据句意可知，这里说的停车位都被占了，故答案为B。
【点评】此题考查动词短语和动词的被动语态的用法，平时注意记忆和区分短语动词的意义和用法。还要注意记忆不规则动词的被动语态。
2．— Mary, how can I get to Xianning from Wuhan next week? — You'd better take a train. the suitable trains in the timetable.
A. Set up B. Look up C. Take up D. Put up 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——玛丽，下个星期我怎样才能从武汉到达咸宁？——你最好坐火车去。在时间表中查找合适的列车。A. Set up建立；B. Look up查找；C. Take up从事；D. Put up张贴，举起。这里是表示查找，故答案为B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。理解句意并掌握词组的意义和用法。
3．--- Are you going to have a part time job during the summer vacation?
--- Yes. I think I shouldn't always ______ my parents since I've grown up.
A. fight against B. argue with C. hear from D. depend on 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：——你暑假要做兼职吗？——是的，我认为既然我已经长大了，我不应该总是依靠父母。depend on依靠；取决于；fight against与……打架；argue with与某人争论；hear from收到……来信。故选D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
4．一 I failed in the driving test again. Sorry to let you down.
一 How come? I've helped you practice enough.
A. pick……up B. help…… out C. make……disappointed 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——我驾考又没过关，对不起，让你失望了。——怎么回事？我已经帮助你练习的够多了。let sb down让某人失望；pick up拾起；help out帮助摆脱困
境；make sb disappointed让某人失望。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语。
5．Nowadays more and more people ________ food safety.
A. pay attention to B. look after C. take it easy D. look out 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：现在，越来越多的人注意食品安全。pay attention to注意；look after照顾；take it easy别着急；look out当心。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
6． --- Kangkang, could you tell me how to cook noodles?
--- OK. First, you should_______ham, cabbage and onions finely. A. cut up B. cut down C. cut off 【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意为:一康康，你能告诉我怎样煮面条吗?一好啊，首先，你得把火腿、洋白菜和洋葱切成碎末。A.切碎;B.砍伐;C.切断、停止。根据语境可知，这里指的是切成碎末，故应选A。
7．一 It's difficult to fix my mind on what I'm doing.
一 I think you need some rest. Why not have a rest first?
A. give up B. focus on C. talk about 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——很难把思想集中在我正在做的事情上。——我觉得你需要休息。为什么不先休息呢？fix one's mind on把思想集中在……上；give up放弃；focus on集中（注意力）；talk about谈论。故选B。
【点评】考查动词短语。
8．— How long does it take you to prepare for the English exam?
— It takes me about one week and a half.
A. take off B. decide on C. get ready for
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——你准备英语考试花了多长时间？——花了一个半周。prepare for为……做准备；take off脱下；起飞；decide on决定；get ready for为……做准备。故选Ｃ。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
9．﹣______! Something is falling down from the tall building.
﹣ Dear me! It's dangerous.
A. Look out B. Help yourself C. What a pity D. Shut up. 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：﹣﹣留神!有东西从高楼上掉下来了. ﹣﹣哦，亲爱的！这是危险的. look out当心，留神，向外看，help yourself自取……，what a pity真可惜，shut up安静，闭嘴，根据后面一句话\有东西从高楼上掉下来了. \可知这里应该提醒对方注意，故选：A.
【点评】考查动词短语，理解句子的意思及每个选项的意思，结合语境选择合适的答案.
10．Eton College in England was in 1440 by King Henry VI to give free education to poor students．
A. cleaned up B. set up C. fixed up D. cheered up 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：英国的伊顿大学是由亨利六世在1440建的，为了给贫困的学生免费的教育。clean up打扫干净；set up建起；fix up安排；修理；cheer up使振作起来；使高兴起来。根据句意可知选B。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。
11．How I wish I could sleep longer! However, I had to get there before the plane_________. A. ran off B. went off C. took off D. set off 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：我多么希望能多睡会。然而我必须在飞机起飞之前赶到那儿。A. ran off 逃跑；B. went off离开；C. took off 脱下（衣服，鞋袜等），（飞机）起飞；D. set off出发，动身。根据句意是飞机起飞，故答案为C。 【点评】考查短语动词：take off（飞机）起飞
12．My son _______ his father, because they are both cheerful.
A. looks after B. takes after C. runs after D. looks like 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】look after照顾；照看；take after（面貌、言行、性格等）像；run after追赶； look like（外表）看起来像。句意为“我儿子像他父亲，两个人都乐呵呵的。”显然是指性格方面像，故选B。
13．—Why did you come late again?
—Because my alarm clock didn't _______ this morning.
A. go off B. go out C. go away D. go over 【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】考查动词词组的辨析。go off“发出响声”；go out“出去”；go away“离开”；go over“检查”。答语句意为“因为今天早上我的闹钟没响。”故选A。
14．The students ought to wear school uniforms when they're at school.
A. are supposed to B. are allowed to C. would like to D. love to 【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:当学生们在学校的时候应该穿校服。ought to的意思是应该，后跟动词的原形。be supposed to 被认为应该做某事；be allowed to do sth.被允许去做某事；would like to 愿意去做某事；love to 喜欢去做某事。故选A。 【点评】考查动词。
15．Look at the heavy rain! Nobody knows when the plane will _____ and when it will land.
A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. put off 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：看这么大的雨！没有人知道飞机将什么时候起飞，什么时候降落。A. get off下来，下车；B. take off起飞，脱掉；C. turn off关掉；D. put off推迟，拖延。根据句意可知选B。
16．It's very hot. But I think it's impolite to _____ your clothes in public.
A. set off B. turn off C. take off D. get off 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：天气虽然很热。但我认为当众脱衣服是不礼貌的。A. set off 动身；B. turn off 关上；C. take off 脱掉；D. get off 下车。根据 it's impolite to 可知是脱衣服，故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据 it's impolite to的语境选择合适的用法。
17．My daughter will call _______ as soon as she _______ Shanghai.
A. me up, will arrive in B. up me, arrives at C. up me , arrives at D. me up, arrives in 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：我的女儿一到达上海就会给我打电话。call sb. up是固定短语，给某人打电话，跟代词时，代词要放在中间；arrive in到达大地方；arrive at到达小地方。上海是一个大城市，应该用in。根据句意可知选D。
【点评】本题考查短语和动词短语的辨析。call sb up表示给某人打电话，但是当sb是代词形式时，要把代词放中间；arrive in到达城市或者国家，arrive at到达小的地方。
18．The house is dangerous to live in. It should be
A. looked up B. left out C. thrown away D. pulled down 【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：住在这房子里很危险。应该把它拆掉。A. looked up查阅；B. left out遗漏，忽略；C. thrown away扔掉；D. pulled down推倒。危房应该推倒重建，故答案为D。
19．The writer's new book will ______ next month.
A. come in B. come on C. come out D. come into 【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：这个作家的新书将于下月出版。A. come in进来；B. come on快点，加油；C. come out出来，出现，出版；D. come into进入。根据“新书”可知是将要“出版”了；故答案为C。
【点评】考查动词短语。熟记短语的意义和用法。
20．—Mum, shall I leave today's homework till tomorrow?
—Better not, dear. Never ___________ what you can do today till tomorrow.
A. put on B. put out C. put off D. put up 【答案】 C
【英语】初中英语短语动词解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)
