2021届高三英语人教版一轮新高考复习课时提能练：32 选修7 Unit 2 Robots

课时提能练(三十二) Unit 2 Robots

课时作业A：基础层面

Ⅰ.语境语法填空

A

Nie Er, a 1.talented (talent) Chinese musician, had a great 2.affection (affect) for his motherland and the poor people. He wrote dozens of 3.satisfactory (satisfy) songs in his short life, one of which is The National Anthem of People's Republic of China, the Chinese people's 4.favourite (favour). He was once put into prison because he 5.disobeyed (obey) the former government's laws. When he was released, he went abroad to study music further. He died very young and mysterious. The new government made a high 6.assessment (assessment) of his achievement and contribution. A monument was built in memory of this great musician with a 7.declaration (declare) that he is a people's musician.

B

Coke was walking slowly towards his office when he heard hurried steps behind him. He turned 8.around and found Miss Brown, a woman who had a talent 9.for designing cartoon characters. They quarreled several times because she was not 10.in favour of any of the ideas he put forward. Therefore he always tried to avoid being left 11.alone together with her. But this time she stopped him, wondering if he could 12.do her a favour by testing 13.out the new design of a product. Coke hesitated for a while but soon forgot the unhappy things between them. He set 14.aside his own work and came to her assistance.

C

There in front of me 15.stood (stand) a young woman, one about the same height as mine. She was holding a cat in her arms, wearing a friendly smile. I had never seen a woman 16.so charming as she was. As for me, she was more like an angel 17.than a woman. It was a great pity that she couldn't speak because of a childhood illness. For fear that she should be hurt, her mother wouldn't have

her 18.hanging (hang) about all by herself. Now she is 19.more than my neighbor; she is my best friend.

Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子

1．很遗憾你错过了在北京举办的2019世界机器人大会。(It's a pity...) It's a pity that you missed the 2019 World Robot Conference held in Beijing. 2．昨天我们在海滩上玩得多开心呀！(what感叹句式) What a good time we had on the beach yesterday!

3．天黑之前，我们到达了一个小镇，它的东面是一个大农场。(完全倒装句式)

Before dark, we arrived at a small town, east of which lies a big farm． 4．你那样跟你的父亲说话很粗鲁，今后我不会再容忍你那样跟他说话。(have sb. doing)

It's rude of you to speak to your father like that and I won't have you speaking to him like that in future.

5．他们坐在花园里，谈论着去年他们一起度过的日子。(现在分词作状语) They sat in the garden, talking about the days they spent together last year.

课时作业B：能力层面

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2019·太原市模拟)Fairy tales perform many functions. They entertain, encourage imagination and teach problem-solving skills. They can also provide moral lessons, highlighting the dangers of failing to follow the social codes that let human beings coexist in harmony. Such moral lessons may not mean much to a robot, but a team of researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology believes it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI(artificial intelligence) can take to its cold, mechanical heart.

The collected stories of different cultures teach children how to behave in socially acceptable ways with examples of proper and improper behavior in fables, novels and other literature. We believe story comprehension in robots can prevent the intelligent robots from killing humanity which was predicted and feared by some

of the biggest names in technology including Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates. This system is called “Quixote”. It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave.

The experiment done by the designers involves going to a drugstore to purchase some medicine for a human who needs to get it as soon as possible. The robot has three options. It can wait in line; it can interact with the storekeeper politely and purchase the medicine with priority; or it can steal the medicine and escape. Without any further directives(指示), the robot will come to the conclusion that the most efficient means of obtaining the medicine is to steal it. But Quixote offers a reward for waiting in line and politely purchasing the medicine and a punishment for stealing it. In this way, the robot will learn the moral way to behave on that occasion.

Quixote would work best on a robot that has a very limited function. It's a baby step in the direction of teaching more moral lessons into robots. We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior. Giving robots the ability to read and understand our stories may be the most efficient means.

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。童话故事不但可以娱乐孩子们，还能让机器人拥有道德观念，使其更好地为人类服务。

1．What function do fairy tales perform in the robots? A．They entertain robots. B．They highlight dangers.

C．They make robots more intelligent. D．They enable robots to behave morally.

D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI(artificial intelligence) can take to its cold, mechanical heart”可知，童话故事可以作为道德经验让人工智能机器人的行为符合道德规范，故D项正确。]

2．What is “Quixote” in the text? A．A punishment system.

B．A character in literature. C．A big name in technology.

D．A kind of software educating robots.

D [细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“This system is called ‘Quixote’. It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave”可知，这个系统被称为“Quixote”；它从互联网上收集故事情节，然后用这些故事来教育机器人如何规范行为，由此可知，Quixote是一种教育机器人的软件，故D项正确。]

3．What does the designer expect robots to do in the experiment? A．To take advantage of its privilege. B．To finish the task most efficiently. C．To perform in a well-mannered way. D．To be rewarded by the storekeeper.

C [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior”可推知，设计者希望机器人在实验中的行为能符合道德规范，故C项正确。]

4．Which of the following can best express the author's opinion? A．Robots will definitely have more functions. B．Robots with humans' emotions are perfect.

C．Training robots to be socially acceptable is necessary. D．The development of robots is still in a baby step.

C [观点态度题。根据第四段中的“We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior”可知，我们认为人工智能必须接受培训以适应特定社会的价值观，这样做，它将努力避免不可接受的行为。据此可推知，训练机器人让其行为符合社会规范是必要的，故C项正确。]

B

(2019·安徽省示范高中模拟)Have you ever wondered when dogs first became “man's best friend” and the world's favourite pet? If you have, then you're

not alone. When and where dogs first began living side by side with humans are questions that have stirred hot debate among scientists. There are a few hard facts that all agree on. These include that dogs were once wolves and they were the first animal to be domesticated(驯养) by humans. They came into human lives some 15，000 years ago, before the dawn of agriculture.

Beyond that, there is little agreement. The earliest bones found that are unquestionable dogs' and not wolves' date from 14，000 years ago. However, 30，000-year-old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolves' and some scientists think could be dogs'.

With such puzzling evidence, many scientists are now turning to DNA to find out when and where dogs were first domesticated. In one research project, tens of thousands of blood samples have been taken from street dogs around the world. The plan is to compare them with those of wolves. It's even possible to analyse DNA from ancient bones. Tiny pieces of the 30，000-year-old skulls mentioned earlier are currently being studied, and another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice fields evolved from Asian wolves, not American ones.

Indeed, the ancient DNA may turn out to be more informative than the DNA of living dogs. Because dogs have accompanied humans around the world for thousands of years, their current distribution may tell us very little of their origins. This is why different groups of scientists believe that dogs variously originated in eastern Asia, Mongolia, Siberia, Europe or Africa.

But why were the animals domesticated in the first place? The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves, initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out. Today, this is a way of life still shared by three quarters of a billion unowned dogs worldwide.

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，狗是从狼驯养而来的，早在一万五千年之前狗就进入了我们的生活。科学家通过分析DNA去查证狗最初是在何时何地被驯养的。

5．Which is the only statement generally agreed on by scientists studying dogs?