圣才电子书 www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台Unit 9
一、单元语法
本单元主要涉及由if引导的虚拟条件句——与现在事实相反的非真实条件句。1. 虚拟语气
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义。英语中条件句可分为两类：一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
2. if引导的虚拟条件句表现形式
用if引导的非真实条件句是虚拟语气最基本的表现形式，它是由非真实的条件从句和与之相关的假设结果（主句）两部分组成，表达的是某种不存在的条件和假设下可能发生的事。按时间概念的不同可分为3种形式：①与现在事实相反；②与过去事实相反；③与将来事实相反。其语法形式分别如下表：
本单元主要学习与现在事实相反的if虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句中所表示的情况与现在事实相反或在说话人看来是不太可能实现的情况。例：
(1) If they were there, they would help you.如果他们在那，他们就会帮助你。
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来的。
圣才电子书 www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台(2) If you succeeded, everything would be all right.如果你成功了，一切都会好起
二、词汇短语
Language Structures
1. carbon paper复写纸 thin paper with a blue or black substance on one side, that
you put between sheets of paper when typing on a typewriter in order to make a copy onto the second sheet of paper
2. genuine [?????????] adj. actually possessing the alleged or apparent
attribute or character真的，真正的：genuine leather真皮
3. imitation [??????????] n. a) The act or an instance of imitating模仿，仿效：
His imitation of that singer is perfect.他模仿那位歌唱家模仿得惟妙惟肖。b) something derived or copied from an original仿造物，赝品：imitation fur仿皮
4. pictorial [???????????] n. an illustrated periodical画报，画刊
5. plastic [??????????????????] adj. a) made of a plastic or plastics塑胶的：a
plastic garden hose浇水用的塑胶水；b) relating to or dealing with shaping or modeling塑造的，雕塑的：the plastic art of sculpture雕塑艺术
6. iron [?????] a) n. a metal appliance with a handle and a weighted flat bottom,
used when heated to press wrinkles from fabric熨斗；b) v. to press and smooth with a heated iron熨烫：iron clothes熨衣服
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圣才电子书 www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台7. nylon [???????] n. a strong artificial material that is used to make plastics, clothes, rope etc尼龙
8. duplicate [????????????] a) n. an identical copy; a facsimile复制品，复印件；
b) vt. to make twofold; double复制，复印
9. pump [????] a) vt. to draw, deliver, or pour forth as if with a pump注入：pump
new life into the economy为经济注入新生命；b) n. a machine or device for raising, compressing, or transferring fluids抽水机
10. vacuum cleaner真空吸尘器
Dialogue I
1. long-cherished adj. be thirsted for a long time盼望已久的，渴望已久的
2. comet [??????] n. a relatively small extraterrestrial body consisting of a frozen
mass that travels around the sun in a highly elliptical orbit彗星
3. heavenly [????????] adj. of or relating to the sky天上的，天体的：The sun,
moon and stars are heavenly bodies.太阳、月亮和星星都是天体。
4. Venus [???????] n. the planet that is second in order from the sun金星5. fingerprint [???????????] n. an impression on a surface of the curves formed
by the ridges on a fingertip指纹印，指纹
6. harmony [????????] n. agreement in feeling or opinion; accord协调，一致，
和谐：working towards harmony in international affairs致力使国际事务协调一致；live in harmony和睦相处
7. creature [????????] n. a) a living being, especially an animal生物，尤指动物；
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圣才电子书 www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台b) a human being人：She was a poor creature.她曾是个可怜的女人。
8. Jupiter [?????????] n. the planet that is fifth in order from the sun and is the
largest in the solar system木星
9. Saturn [?????????] n. the planet that is sixth in order from the sun and is
surrounded by large rings土星
10. cluster [???????] n. a group of the same or similar elements gathered or
occurring closely together; a bunch丛，群：She held out her hand, a small tight cluster of fingers.她举起手，手指紧紧地握在一起。
11. itinerary [???????????] n. a route or proposed route of a journey路线，旅程12. Uranus [??????????] n. the planet that is seventh in order from the sun天王星
13. Neptune [?????????] n. the planet that is eighth in order from the sun海王星
14. Pluto [????????] n. the planet that is furthest from the sun and is the
smallest in the solar system冥王星
15. Martian [????????] a) adj. of or relating to the planet Mars or its
hypothetical inhabitants火星的；b) n. a hypothetical inhabitant of the planet Mars, especially as a stock fictional character火星人
16. explore [????????] v. a) to investigate systematically; examine钻研：explore
every possibility系统地研究每一个可能性；b) to search into or travel in for the purpose of discovery勘探：explore outer space太空勘探
17. Mercury [?????????] n. the planet that is nearest the sun水星
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圣才电子书 www.100xuexi.com十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台18. gravity [????????] n. a) the natural force of attraction exerted by a celestial
body重力；b) solemnity or dignity of manner严肃，庄严：the gravity of his appearance他外表的严肃。
19. ambitious [????????] adj. a) full of, characterized by, or motivated by
ambition野心勃勃的，有抱负的：They are ambitious although they are poor.他们虽穷却很有志气。b) greatly desirous; eager热望的，渴望的
20. make a trip to someplace到某地去旅行
21. resemble [????????] v. be like or similar to类似，跟…像：She resembles her
brother in looks.她和她弟弟长得很像。其派生词形式主要有resemblant（ adj. 相似的, 摹仿的）/ resemblance（ n. 类同之处）
22. intelligent [??????????????] adj. having or showing intelligence聪明的，有
头脑的：an intelligent child聪明的孩子【扩展】intellectual n.知识分子； adj. 智力发达的
Dialogue II
1. definite [????????] adj. a) having distinct limits明确的：Let’s fix a definite
date
for
the
next
meeting.我们定一下下次开会的确切日期吧。b)
indisputable; certain肯定的，一定的：a definite victory确定的胜利【扩展】definition n. 定义，解释；清晰度；by definition根据定义
2. tentative [?????????] adj. not fully worked out, concluded, or agreed on;
provisional试验性的；临时的：This is just a tentative schedule.这仅仅是个试验性的计划。
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李观仪《新编英语教程(修订版)》学习指南-Unit 9【圣才出品】
