2020年考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学（2）
There are certain people who behave in a quite peculiar fashion during the work of analysis. When one speaks
hopefully to them or expresses satisfaction with the progress of the treatment， they show signs of discontent and their condition invariably becomes worse. One begins by regarding this as defiance and as an attempt to prove their superiority to the physician， but later one comes to take a deeper and juster view. One becomes convinced， not only that such people cannot endure any praise or appreciation， but that they react inversely to the progress of the treatment. Every partial solution that ought to result， and in other people does result， in an improvement or a temporary suspension of symptoms produces in them for the time being an
intensification of their illness； they get worse during the treatment instead of getting better. They exhibit what is known as a “negative therapeutic reaction”。
There is no doubt that there is something in these people that sets itself against their recovery， and its approach is dreaded as though it were a danger. We are accustomed to say that the need for illness has got the upper hand in them over the desire for recovery. If we analyse this resistance in the usual way — then， even after fixation to the various forms of gain from illness， the greater part of it is still left over； and this reveals itself as the most powerful of all obstacles to recovery， more powerful than the familiar ones of narcissistic（admiring one‘s own self too much）
inaccessibility， a negative attitude towards the physician and clinging to the gain from illness.
In the end we come to see that we are dealing with what may be called a “moral” factor， a sense of guilt， which is finding satisfaction in the illness and refuses to give up the punishment of suffering. We shall be right in regarding this disencouraging explanation as final. But as far as the patient is concerned this sense of guilt is dumb； it does not tell him he is guilty， he feels ill. This sense of guilt expresses itself only as a resistance to recovery which it is extremely difficult to overcome. It is also particularly difficult to convince the patient that this motive lies
behind his continuing to be ill； he holds fast to the more obvious explanation that treatment by analysis is not the right remedy for his case.
1. According to the author， some unusual patients would [A] openly resist the treatment of the physician. [B] intentionally hold the physician in contempt. [C] respond against the physician‘s expectation. [D] disregard the appreciation by the physician. 2. For the patients the author describes，
[A] a hopeful treatment often leads to a reverse result. [B] a local treatment improves temporarily their symptoms. [C] a partial solution betters rather than worsens their illness.
[D] a right solution cures them partially of their illness.
3. The author‘s study of this syndrome leads him to think that
[A] patients must be convinced of the treatment by analysis.
[B] patients‘ sense of guilt may hinder them from getting well.
[C] patients need to know the final explanations of their illness.
[D] patients should give up the punishment of suffering from their illness.
4. It can be inferred from the text that
[A] certain people behave in a particularly fashionable way.
[B] the need for illness has overcome the desire for recovery.
[C] the patients who are content with their illness are guilty.
[D] the syndrome of inverse reaction to therapy is curious.
5. The root cause of the resistance to recovery lies in the fact that the patients
[A] are apt to refuse the recognization of the physician‘s authority.
[B] can hardly put up with being praised or appreciated by their doctors.
[C] cling to the unconscious belief in their deserved penalty by sickness.
[D] suffer from a chronic mental disease that offers them a feeling of guilt. 词汇注释 defiance 蔑视 therapeutic 治疗的 dreaded 令人担心的 narcissistic 自我陶醉的 inaccessibility 不易接近的 难句讲解
1. Every partial solution that ought to result， and in other people does result， in an improvement or a temporary suspension of symptoms produces in them for the time being an intensification of their illness； they get worse during the treatment instead of getting better.
[简析] 本句话的主干是“Every partial solution produces in them an intensification， they get worse…”。that引导的定语从句修饰solution；them 和they都是指前面句子中的such people. 2. If we analyse this resistance in the usual way — then， even after fixation to the various forms of gain from illness， the greater part of it is still left over； and this reveals itself as the most powerful of all obstacles to recovery， more powerful than the familiar ones of narcissistic
（admiring one‘s own self too much） inaccessibility， a
negative attitude towards the physician and clinging to the gain from illness.
[简析]本句话是一个并列句，其主干是“the greater part of it is still left over…and this reveals itself as…”。If引导的是条件状语从句，even after引导的短语是插入语；it 之得失this resistance；后面句子中的this 指的是前面的句子；a negative attitude…短语是在解释inaccessibility.
3. It is also particularly difficult to convince the
patient that this motive lies behind his continuing to be ill； he holds fast to the more obvious explanation that treatment by analysis is not the right remedy for his case.
[简析]本句话是一个并列句，其主干是“It is also difficult to convince the patient…he holds fast to…”。It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的to conceive…短语，其中的that引导的是宾语从句；he指的是the patient；第二个that引导的是explanation的同位语从句。 答案与解析
1. C细节题。本题的问题是“根据作者的观点，有些异常的患者可能 ”。题干中的 “Some unusual patients”出自文章第一段第一句话中（文中用的是people who behave in aquite peculiar
fashion），表明本题与第一段相关。第一段在提到这些人时指出，如果你充满希望地与他们交谈，或者对治疗的进展表示满意，他们就表现出不满的样子，并且他们的状况总是会变坏；随后指出，你不但确信这类人不能容忍任何赞扬或评价，你还深信他们会反向回应治疗取得的进展。这说明，这些人可能对医生的希望做出逆向反应。[C] “对医生的期望做出相反的回应”与此意符合，为准确答案。[A]“公开抵制医生的治疗”、[B]“故意鄙视医生”和[D]“漠视医生的评价”都不准确，与文意不符。
2020年考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学(2)
