2020-2021年中考英语总复习∶完形填空 阅读理解(提高)知识讲解
及答案经典
一、完形填空 1．完形填空
Street art is a very popular form of art. It is 1 quickly all over the world. You can find it on buildings and street signs from Beijing to Paris.
Art experts（专家）say that the movement began in New York in the 1960s. Young adults would use paint in special cans to put their words and other images on walls and cars 2 the city. One well-known street artist is Swoon. She 3 paper images（形象）of people and puts them on walls. Swoon didn't start her career as a street artist. She studied art, but 4 time went on, she got bored with the works she saw in museums or galleries（画廊）. The people in New York enjoy Swoon's strong and interesting 5 .
Some artists choose street art because it is 6 to the people. Some artists try to express their opinions（观点）in their works. Advertising（广告）companies also use street art in their advertisements because it gives the deep impression and energy. The New York store Saks Fifth Avenue 7 used a street artist's design for their shop windows and shopping bags. In today's world, the Internet has a big 8 on street art. Artists can show their pictures to the people all over the world on the Internet. Many people, 9 , say that seeing a picture on the Internet is never as good as seeing it live. Street art lives with the energy and life of a big 10 . There it will continue to change and grow. 1. A. watching B. making C. spreading D. searching 2. A. behind 4. A. as 5. A. style 6. A. safer 7. A. hardly 8. A. success 9. A. anyway
B. by B. after B. story B. lower
C. over C. before C. problem C. closer
D. around D. while D. program D. stranger D. never D. influence D. street
3. A. cuts down B. cuts out C. turns down D. runs out
B. recently C. seldom B. discount C. present
B. however C. otherwise D. therefore
10. A. museum B. country C. city B；（10）C；
【答案】 （1）C；（2）D；（3）B；（4）A；（5）A；（6）C；（7）B；（8）D；（9）【解析】【分析】本文介绍了街头艺术是一种非常受欢迎的艺术形式，它正在快速的在全世界传播。街头艺术更贴近人们的生活。它同大城市的生活和活力一起存在，并不断变化发展。
（1）句意： 它正在快速的在全世界传播。A欣赏，B制作，C传播，D搜查，根据 all over the world可知全世界范围的是传播 ， 故选C。
（2）句意： 年轻人使用装在特殊罐子里的颜料把他们的语言和其他的图片画到遍及整个城市的墙上或汽车上。A在......后面，B靠着，C在......之上，D在......周围，根据city可知
此处表示范围故用全城，故用around，故选D。
（3）句意： 她剪出人物的纸片，把他们贴在墙上。A削减，B切掉，C调小，D用完，根据 puts them on walls可知是剪下来才能贴到墙上 ， 故选B。
（4）句意： 但是随着时间的流失她对在博物馆或美术馆看到的作品感到厌烦。A随着，B在......之后，C在......之前，D当......时候，此处的时间状态是同时，故排除B和C选项，while搭配持续动词，went 是瞬间动词，故选A。
（5）句意： 在纽约的人们喜欢她的强大和有趣的风格。A风格，B故事，C问题，D节目，根据 strong and interesting可知强大和有趣是风格 ， 故选A。
（6）句意： 他们中的一些人选择街头艺术，因为它更靠近人们生活的。A更安全，B更低，C更近，D更奇怪，be close to，固定搭配，靠近......，故选C。
（7）句意： 纽约萨克斯第五大道最近把街头艺术家的设计用于商店橱窗和购物袋。 A几乎不，B最近，C很少，D从未，根据 Street art is a very popular form of art街头艺术是一种非常流行的艺术形式，故此处是肯定形式，故排除A，C和D选项 ， 故选B。 （8）句意： 在当今世界互联网对街头艺术有很大的影响。A成功，B折扣，C目前，D影响，根据have influence on，固定搭配，对……有影响，故选D。
（9）句意： 然而，许多人说,在互联网上看到的图片永远比不上生活中所看到的。A况且，B但是，C否则，D因此，根据 show their pictures to the people all over the world on the Internet. 在互联网上向全世界的人展示他们的照片和say that seeing a picture on the Internet is never as good as seeing it live 说在网上看一张照片永远不如生活好看，可知此处是转折关系，故用however ，故选B。
（10）句意： 街头艺术和大城市的生活和活力一起存在。A博物馆，B国家，C城市，D街道，根据 on walls and cars around the city，遍及整个城市的墙上或汽车上，可知是城市，故选C。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
2．完形填空
Can you imagine that we could build a beautiful city with rubbish? Maybe you will think it is 1 . However, it can be true! Nothing is a waste if we have a creative mind. Let me show you something about 2 rubbish.
Sometimes we can see tons of rubbish in the streets, on the roads, near the buildings... here and there. Many large cities became so ugly 3 it. Nobody likes rubbish, but in fact, some rubbish can be used again. All of us want to solve the problem, we must do something to 4 rubbish. We should take action from now on. 5 , some good things will not be wasted.
Do you often throw away things you don't need any more? Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good use? For Example, when a car gets too old, it may not run any more. But we can use the metal of the car to make something else. When a bottle is empty, it 6 as waste. You don't know bottle glass can be made into sand and used to build streets. Rubbish 7 food can be changed into fertilizer to make plants grow better. It is cheap and safe. And other rubbish can also be used to make building blocks. Now, 8 machines are designed for that.
9 , people will watch films in a beautiful cinema which is built out of rubbish. Besides buildings and roads, cities may be made from rubbish. But so far, building beautiful cities made from rubbish is only 10 . 1. A. important 2. A. returning 3. A. because 4. A. make a living as 5. A. On the way 7. A. from
8. A. fewer and fewer 9. A. Some day 10. A. a symbol A；（10）D；
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了用垃圾建筑城市的梦想。
（1）句意： 也许你会认为这是难以置信的。A重要的，B同情的，C难以置信的，D可能的，根据行为 However, it can be true可知能与可能构成转折关系的是难以置信的 ， 故选C。
（2）句意： 让我给你看一些关于垃圾再利用的东西。A归还，B再用，C反射，D重复，根据 Nothing is a waste if we have a creative mind 如果我们有创造性的头脑，没有什么是浪费可知是再利用 ，故选B。
（3）句意： 许多大城市因为它变得如此丑陋。A因为，引导从句，B因为，接宾语，C代替，Das for至于，根据 Sometimes we can see tons of rubbish in the streets, on the roads, near the buildings... 有时，我们可以在街道上、道路上、建筑物附近看到大量垃圾，可知因为这些垃圾使得城市丑陋，it是宾格作宾语，故用because of ， 故选B。 （4）句意： 我们都想解决这个问题，我们必须做些什么来利用垃圾。A以......某生，B向......作出承诺，C下决心，D利用，根据 rubbish can be used again可知是来及利用 ， 故选D。
（5）句意： 以这种方式一些好东西不会被浪费。A在路上，B顺便，C用这种方式，D不碍事，根据垃圾再利用是一种方式，故选C。
（6）句意： 当一个瓶子空了，它就被当做废物扔掉。when引导的时间状语从句，主语时态是一般将来时，主语it和throw是被动关系，故是一般将来时被动语态，故选A。 （7）句意： 来自食品的垃圾可以变成肥料，使植物长得更好。A来自......，B在......里，C在......上，D到，根据本文将垃圾利用，故此处指垃圾的出处用from，故选A。
（8）句意： 现在，越来越多的机器就是为此而设计的。 machines是名词复数，less修
B. understanding B. reusing B. because of B. By the way B. in B. less and less B. The other day B. a letter
C. unbelievable C. reflecting C. instead of C. In this way C. on
C. more and more C. Nowadays C. a lesson
D. possible D. repeating D. as for D. Out of the way D. was thrown away D. to
D. more and less D. In the day D. a dream
B. make promises to C. make up our mind to D. make use of
6. A. will be thrown away B. will throw away C. threw away
【答案】 （1）C；（2）B；（3）B；（4）D；（5）C；（6）A；（7）A；（8）C；（9）
饰不可数名词故排除B和D，fewer更少，此处根据 designed for that可知是越来越多的机器被设计 ， 故选C。
（9）句意： 有朝一日人们会在用垃圾建造的美丽电影院看电影。A有朝一日，B另一天，C目前，D在白天，根据 people will watch可知是对未来的预测故是有朝一日 ， 故选A。
（10）句意： 但是到目前为止，用垃圾建造美丽的城市只是梦想。A符号，B信，C课，D梦想，根据 Can you imagine that we could build a beautiful city with rubbish，可知此处是设想，梦想 ， 故选D。
【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
3．完形填空
Global warming means the temperature of the Earth is getting higher and higher. If the Earth gets 1 , some of the following things could happen: The sea level could 2 because of the melting of sea ice. Many animals that live on the ice might 3 out.
There could be more floods（洪水）, 4 near the sea and rivers. Some plants and animals might die because they cannot live in high 5 .
Global warming is a very 6 problem now. There is something we can do to help to slow it down.
Scientists have been studying global warming for years. They have found that some things that people do in everyday life make much gas that 7 global warming. One big cause of this is the burning of oil, gas and coal for energy for our cars and homes. This gives off too much greenhouse gas. We can do something to cut 8 on the amount of greenhouse gas. ⒈ We can really help by using less energy in life, and less gas in our family cars. We should turn off the 9 and turn down other electrical equipment. We should walk more and use cars less.
⒉ 10 can take in some of the greenhouse gas. So we should plant more trees. 1. A. bigger 2. A. rise 3. A. go 5. A. talent 6. A. easy 7. A. stops 8. A. off 9. A. doors
B. older C. hotter B. fall B. die B. tent
C. remain C. let C. top
D. slower D. quit D. put D. temperature D. nervous D. down D. Animals
4. A. especially B. luckily C. continually D. nearly
B. natural C. serious B. into
C. out
B. causes C. prevents D. affects B. lights C. invitations D. roads
10. A. Grasses B. Flowers C. Forests
【答案】 （1）C；（2）A；（3）B；（4）A；（5）D；（6）C；（7）B；（8）D；（9）
B；（10）C；
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了全球变暖会造成的一些后果以及对于全球变暖我们可以做的事。
（1）句意：如果地球变得更热，可能会发生以下一些事情。A 更大的；B 更老的；C 更热的；D 更慢的。由the temperature of the Earth is getting higher and higher可知此处表示如果地球变得越来越热，故选C。
（2）句意：由于海冰融化，海平面可能上升。A 升起；B 跌落；C 保持；D 退出。由the melting of sea ice可知海平面会上升，故选A。
（3）句意：许多生活在冰上的动物可能会灭绝。A 出去；B 灭绝；C 释放；D 扑灭。由the Earth gets hotter可知此处 表示许多住在冰上的动物会灭绝，故选B。
（4）句意：可能会有更多的洪水，尤其是在靠近海洋和河流的地方。A 特别是；B 幸运地；C 持续地；D 几乎。根据语句There could be more floods可知此处表示可能会有更多的洪灾，特别是在海洋和河流附近，故选A。
（5）句意：一些动植物可能会因为无法在高温下生存而死亡。A 天赋；B 帐篷；C 顶部；D 温度。由the Earth gets hotter可知此处 的是因为它们不能在高温下生存，故选D。 （6）句意：全球变暖现在是一个非常严重的问题。A 容易的；B 自然的；C 严格的，严肃的；D 紧张的。由上文提到的全球变暖会导致的结果可知此处表示的是全球变暖现在是一个很严峻的问题，故选C。
（7）句意：科学家们一直在研究全球变暖的起因。A 停止；B 引起；C 防止；D 影响。由One big cause of this is the burning of oil…可知此处 表示科学家们一直在研究全球变暖的起因，故选B。
（8）句意：我们可以做点什么来减少温室气体排放量。A 切断；B 切入；C 裁剪；D 砍，减少。由This gives off too much greenhouse gas，可知此处表示我们可以做点什么来减少温室气体排放量，故选D。
（9）句意：我们应该关上电灯。A 门；B 光；C 邀请；D 路。由We can really help by using less energy in life可知此处 表示我们应该关上电灯，故选B。
（10）句意：森林可以吸收一些温室气体。A 草；B 花；C 森林；D 动物。由So we should plant more trees，可知此处表示森林可以吸收一些温室气体，选C。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。
4．阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
This morning I got an email from Roy. It seems that my boy really enjoys his new life at the University of Harvard.
The 1 made me think of the first day when we moved into this house.
Little Roy ran around the new house with great excitement and tried to move his own things into the house such as his toys, books and clothes. 2 , his little hand knocked over（打翻）a bottle of paint on the shelf. The paint made the tidy floor and white wall a terrible mess.
2020-2021年中考英语总复习完形填空 阅读理解（提高）知识讲解及答案经典
