三年(2017-2019)年高考真题分项汇编
专题04 动词和动词短语 一、2019年高考真题
1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】34.A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man's intelligence and creativity. A. resembling 【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意:城市是人类的双手和思想的产物,反映了人的智慧和创造力。resembling像;reflecting反映;reviewing回顾;restoring恢复,根据题意,故选B。
2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】9.Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't ___________ what he was saying. A. set aside C. make out 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意: 凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音,但她听不清他在说什么。set aside“存储,留出”; take back“收回,拿回”;make out“辨认出,理解,了解”; keep off“(使)避开”。故选C。
二、2018年高考真题
1.【2018·天津】8. It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.
A. display B. acquire C. teach D. test 【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display显示;B. acquire获得;C. teach教;D. test测试。故选B。
点睛:本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点,解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别,再联系句意进行判断,从而选出正确答案。
2.【2018·天津】3. At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.
B. take back D. keep off
B. reflecting
C. reviewing
D. restoring
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A. gave in B. dressed up C. broke in D. turned up 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意:起初,罗伯特不愿让他女儿去潜水,但最终他让步了,因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握。A. gave in屈服,让步;B. dressed up打扮;C. broke in闯入;打断;D. turned up出现。根据转折词but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知,最终他让步了。故选A。
点睛:本题考查动词短语辨析。分析后句的原因状语可以判定出罗伯特最终让步,再联系所学短语就不难选出正确答案。同学平时学习过程中要多注意词汇和短语的积累,尤其是含义比较多的词汇和短语。 3.【2018·江苏】25.
Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable. A. calls for B. calls on C. calls off D. calls up 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析及语境理解。句意:发展长江经济带是一项需要清晰的路线图和时间表的系统工程。A. calls for需要;B. calls on号召;C. calls off取消;D. calls up使想起。故选A。 点睛:本题考查动词短语辨析。分析全句句意,再联系所学短语就不难选出正确答案。同学平时学习过程中要多注意词汇和短语的积累,尤其是含义比较多的词汇和短语。 4.【2018·江苏】22.
Kids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might _______ the things they see. A. indicate B. investigate C. imitate D. innovate 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意:孩子不应该接触暴力电影,因为他们也许会模仿他们所见的事情。A. indicate指示;B. investigate调查;C. imitate模仿;D. innovate改革。故选C。 点睛:本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点,解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别,再联系句意进行判断,从而选出正确答案。考生在平时学习过程中要注重动词和动词短语的识记与掌握。
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三、2017年高考真题
1. 【2017·天津卷】5. Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _____, get married, and have kids.
A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析:句意:布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来,结婚生子。A. 安顿下来;B. 远离;C.起床;D. 插嘴。根据句意,故选A。 考点:考查动词短语。
【名师点睛】辨析动词短语没有捷径,只有加强平时的记忆,包括动词本身的含义、一词多义以及词组的搭配,做题时要弄懂句意和上下文的逻辑关系再进行判断。学生平时要特别注意这方面的积累。
2.【2017·江苏卷】30. A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help _______ your year ahead.
A. shape B. switch 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析:考查动词的辨析。A. shape塑造,决定……的形成,影响……的发展;B. switch转变,交换, 调班;C. stretch拉长,拉紧,伸展,伸长,延伸消耗;D. sharpen提高,使尖锐,变得清晰。句意:
快速
回顾一年的成败将会决定来年的发展。故选A。 考点:考查动词的辨析
3.【2017· 江苏】25.Working with the medical team in Africa has _______ the best in her as a doctor. A. held out 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:考查动词短语辨析。held out坚持;提供机会;伸出手;B. brought out使显现,阐明,出
版;
C.picked out使容易看见,找出精心挑选,认出来;D. given out用完,停止运行,分发,发出,公布。
句
意:在非洲同医疗队一起工作已经使她表现出了作为医生最好的一面。这里取“使显现”之意,故选B。 考点:考查动词短语辨析
2016年高考真题
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C. stretch D. sharpen
B. brought out C. picked out D. given out
1.【2016·江苏】25. for a worthy cause. A. approach 【答案】C 【解析】
He did not easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice
B. wrestle C. compromise D. communicate
试题分析:考查动词辨析。动词approach靠近,接近;wrestle摔跤,斗争,努力解决;compromise妥协;和解;让步;communicate交流;句意:他并容易妥协,但是对于正义的事业,他愿意接受任何建设性的建议。根据句意可知C项正确。 考点:考查动词词义辨析
2.【2016·江苏】30.Many businesses started up by college students have________thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation. A. fallen off 【答案】B
【解析】试题分析:考查动词短语辨析。fall off跌落,下降;take off起飞,成功,受欢迎;turn off关闭;leave off停止,中断;根据句意可知B项正确。
3.【2016·江苏】33.Parents should actively urge their children to______the opportunity to join sports teams.
A. gain admission to B. keep track of C. take advantage of D. give rise to 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:考查短语辨析。动词短语gain admission to 获准进入;keep track of记录;take advantage of利用;give rise to引起;句意:父母亲应该积极鼓励孩子抓住机会参加体育活动。根据句意可知C项正确。
考点:考查短语辨析
4.【2016·天津】8. Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ____ her opinion on the subject.
A. gave voice to B. kept an eye on C. turned a deaf ear of D. set foot on 【答案】A 【解析】
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B. taken off C. turned off D. left off
试题分析:句意:玛丽在讨论的前一部分是沉默的,但是最后她说出自己对这个话题的观点。A.将……说
出,透露,表明;B.注意,照看;C.对......充耳不闻;D.踏上。根据语境,故选A。 考点:考查动词短语辨析。
【名师点睛】这几个短语都是固定搭配,不能仅仅看字面意思,应该在平时学习中注意累积这方面的词汇,这几个短语有个特点,都含有一个人体部位的名词,学生平时学习的时候,可以将短语进行分类记忆。做题时找到关键词和切入点,这道题的关键是opinion和选项中的voice。
5.【2016·天津】12. I’m going to _____ advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle. A. put B. make C. take D. give 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:句意:我要利用这次旅行来探索这个城堡的历史。短语take advantage of意为“利用”,其
他选项不能和advantage of搭配。故选C。 考点:考查动词和短语。
【名师点睛】对于动词词义辨析题目,首先可以从句意着手,看懂句意是解答此类题目的关键;其次,对四个选项的意思也要了如指掌。这对于平时学生的学习仔细度提出了要求,学生在平时的学习中要勤积累,多记忆,多查字典,以便在考试时能够迅速准确解出答案,对于一些固定搭配也需要了如指掌。
6.【2016·天津】14. I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to _____ a conversation with her.
A. carry on B. break into C. turn down D. cut off 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析:句意:我讨厌她在上班的时候给我打电话。我总是太忙了不能和她进行谈话。A.进行;B.破门
而入;C.拒绝,声音调低;D.切断。故选A。 考点:考查动词短语辨析。
【名师点睛】辨析动词短语没有捷径,只有加强平时的背诵,包括词组本身的含义,一词多义,以及词组和动词的搭配,做题时别忘了弄懂句意和上下文的逻辑关系,进行判断。学生平时要特别注意这方面的积累。
7.【2016·浙江】8. We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite , rather than _______ us.
A. divide B. reject C. control D. abandon
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