2019年11月Catti英语二级笔译真题和精校翻译答案
英译汉 第一篇
Where there is financial connection, we see that rapid improvements in quality of life can quickly follow. In modern world, there are several important channels to achieving this greater financial connectivity. I want to highlight two today: increased capital mobility and increased financial inclusion.
金融关联所及之处，人们的生活质量便会得以迅速的提升。现代世界，有着多种异乎重要的渠道，可实现这种更大程度上的金融连通性。今天，我要强调其中两个渠道即：提升资本流动性与增强金融的包容性。
First, enabling capital to flow more freely. Allowing capital to flow across borders can help support inclusive growth. Right now, foreign direct investment is only 1.9 percent of GDP in developing countries. Before the global financial crisis, it was at 2.5 percent. Making progress on major infrastructure needs will require capital flows to rise again and to be managed safely. Greater openness to capital flows can also bring down the cost of finance, improve the efficiency of the financial sector, and allow capital to support productive investments and new jobs.
第一个渠道是促使资本以更为自由的姿态进行流动。允许资本跨境流动，有助于推动资本包容性的增长。目前，发展中国家的外国直接投资仅占国内生产总值的1.9％。而在全球金融危机爆发之前，这个数字是2.5％。要在大型基础设施需求方面取得进展，就必须让资本的流动再度活跃起来，并对资本流动进行安全管制。增进资本流动的开放性可降低金融成本，改善金融部门效率，让资本支持生产性投资，创造新的就业机会。
Second, we also need increased financial inclusion. Challenges come with opening up capital markets. Thankfully, we know from experience the elements that are required for success. These include sound financial regulation, transparent rules for investment, and attention to fiscal sustainability. A few numbers: close to half of the adult population in low and middle-income
Asia-Pacific economies do not have a bank account. Less than 10 percent have ever borrowed from a financial institution. And yet, we know that closing the finance gap is an “economic must-have” for nations to thrive in the 21st century. IMF analysis shows that if the least financially inclusive countries in Asia narrowed the finance gap to the level of Thailand, the poverty rate in those countries could be reduced by nearly 4 percent. How can we get there? In part, through policies that enable more women and rural citizens to access financial services. The financial gender gap for women in developing countries is about 9 percent and has remained largely unchanged since 2011.
第二个渠道是增进金融的包容性。开放资本市场会带来了一系列挑战。所幸地是我们从经验中了解到了成功应对挑战的必备要素，包括健全的金融监管、透明的投资规则以及对财政可持续性地关注。我们来看一组数字：在中低等收入的亚太国家，有将近一半的成年人是没有开立银行账户的，不到10％的人有着向金融机构借贷的经历。但我们深知，缩小金融鸿沟是21世纪实现国家繁荣发展的“不可或缺的经济举措”。国际货币基金组织的分析就显示，如果金融包容性最差的亚洲各国能够缩小金融鸿沟，并能达到泰国的水平，那么，这些国家的贫困率将缩减近4％。而如何才能做到这一点呢？部分可通过各种政策让女性和农村人口获得金融服务。发展中国家女性的金融性别缺口约为9％，这种情况自2011年以来，就基本维持不变。
There is no quick fix, but we know that Fintech can play a catalyzing role. In Cambodia, for example, strong public-private partnerships in supporting mobile finance has led to a tripling in the number of micro-financial institutions since 2011. These institutions have now provided loans to over 2 million new
borrowers, representing nearly 20 percent of the adult population. Many of these citizens had never had a bank account. Now they can save for the future and perhaps even start a business of their own. 解决该问题，不可能一蹴而就，然而，我们深知金融科技可以发挥催化剂的作用。就好比在柬埔寨，为支持移动金融的发展，该国推出了多项强有力的公私合营项目，因此，微型金融机构数量，自2011年以来，就增长了两倍之多。这些机构为200多万公民提供贷款服务，这
一人数几乎占到了柬埔寨成年人口的20％。诸多公民之前从未开立过银行账户。而现在，他们不仅可以攒钱，为未来未雨绸缪，甚至还可以自主创业。 These are ideas that can work everywhere. But countries have to be willing to partner and learn from each other. The IMF and World Bank launched the Bali Fintech Agenda last October. The agenda lays out key principles - from developing financial markets to safeguarding financial integrity - that can help each nation as it strives for greater financial inclusion.
这些想法在哪都是适用的。但是，世界各国必须相互协作，且相互学习。去年十月，国际货币基金组织和世界银行联合发布了《巴厘岛金融科技纲领》 ，该纲领制定了若干重要原则，从发展金融市场到维护金融的健全性，不一而足，可助力每个国家争取更大程度的金融包容性。
英译汉第二篇文章
NASA is going to pretend a deadly asteroid is on its way, to practise for a real one.
美国宇航局打算开展一场旨在模拟小行星来袭的灾难应急演习。
The “tabletop exercise” will allow the space agency and the other government organizations that will be tasked with responding to such an event to simulate their response, ahead of the possibility of a real example.
在这次“桌面演习”中，航空局与其他政府机关将进行一场模拟应急演习，其任务是对类似事件做出响应，以做到有备无患，防微杜渐。
The scenario will see a very realistic but nonetheless fictional disaster, in which an asteroid will be headed for Earth. The scenario has been developed by one of the NASA organisations tasked with studying such near-earth objects, or NEOs. 虽然是模拟演习，但虚构的小行星撞击地球的灾难性场景却异常逼真。该场景由美国宇航局管辖的一家专门研究近地物体的机构进行开发。
It will bring together not just NASA but other international organisations to test out their response. Such exercises are used across the disaster response sector to ensure that the real responses are as fast and effective as possible.
接受应急演习考验的不止是美国宇航局，还有其他国际机构。如此的演习将普遍用于抗灾部门，确保真枪实弹的应急措施能尽可能迅疾而有效地落到实处。 “These exercises have really helped us in the planetary defense community to understand what our colleagues on the disaster management side need to know,” said Lindley Johnson, NASA’s Planetary Defense Officer. “This exercise will help us develop more effective communications with each other and with our governments.”
美国宇航局的行星防御官林德利.约翰逊则表示：“在行星防御领域，这样的演习能够切实有效地帮助负责灾难管理的同事们了解他们想要掌握的内容，有助于我们在彼此之间以及与政府部门之间进行更加有效地沟通。”
NASA and other organisations have spent more than 20 years scanning the skies for NEOs, looking for asteroids and comets that come within 30 million miles of Earth s orbit. Groups such as NASA s Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO) as well as the European Space Agency s Space Situational
Awareness-NEO Segment and the International Asteroid Warning Network (IAWN) have been working to better communicate the danger that such objects pose to Earth.
二十多年以来，美国宇航局与其他众多机构，一直在扫描天宇中的近地天体，搜寻距离地球轨道3,000万英里范围之内的小行星与彗星。美国宇航局的行星防御协调办公室、欧洲航天局空间态势感知近地天体部门、国际小行星预警网正携手一道努力地改进沟通方式，宣传此类物体对地球造成的危险。
There is no strict script in such an exercise. Instead, it will be used to test out how NEO observers, space agency officials, emergency managers, decision makers and citizens would respond to the threat of an impact.
在这类演习中，没有严格的脚本，初衷就是考验观测人员、航空局官员、应急管理人员、决策人员与广大市民对天体撞击威胁的应对方式。
Those taking part will discuss possible preparations: how they would explore the asteroid, work out the best ways of deflecting it and dealing with its impact effects.
参与人员将共同地探讨可能的防备要务：如何探知小行星，找到使其偏离航向与应对撞击影响的最优方案。
NASA has already participated in such exercises, working on some with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Those exercises brought representatives from a variety of different federal agencies, including the departments of Defense and State.
美国宇航局曾参与过此类演习，与联邦应急管理局也举行过合作演习。包括美国国防部与美国国务院部门在内的各个联邦机构均派出代表参与了此类演习。 Previous exercises showed that the focus of emergency management officials was not on scientific details. Instead, they just want to know when, where and how an asteroid will hit the Earth, as well as what sort of damage is done, according to FEMA.
联邦应急管理局表示，之前的演习表明，应急管理官员的关注重点并非科学细节，相反，只是想了解小行星在何时、何地以及以何种方式撞击地球，以及会产生何等的破坏影响。
NASA continues to work on that science, however, in an attempt to better improve humanity s ability to predict the exact location and effects of any impact. 不过，美国宇航局将继续开展有关这方面的科研，试图跟好地提高人类精确预知撞击的确切位置与撞击影响的能力。
“NASA and FEMA will continue to conduct periodic exercises with a continually widening community of US government agencies and international partners,” said Leviticus Lewis of the Response Operations Division for FEMA. “They are a great way for us to learn how to work together and meet each other s needs and the objectives laid out in the White House National NEO Preparedness Action Plan.”
联邦应急管理局响应行动部的工作人员勒维提克斯.刘易斯表示：“美国宇航局与联邦应急管理局将继续群策群力，与越来越多的美国政府机构和国际伙伴定期展开演习。这是我们学习如何协作，并满足彼此需求，实现白宫国家近地天体防备行动计划目标的最佳手段。”
汉译英首篇文章
新中国成立70年来，中国的人权事业取得了举世瞩目的成就。
Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China 70 years ago, the China’s cause of human rights has made remarkable achievements.
1949年新中国成立前，中国的人均GDP仅达27美元，人均预期寿命35岁，人均受教育年限不到一年，约90%的中国人民是文盲；战乱仍频，人民生活在苦难之中。
Before the founding of the New China in 1949, China’s per capita GDP was only 27 US Dollars and people’s average life expectancy was 35 years. The Chinese people received less than one-year schooling on average, with about 90% being illiterate. Moreover, people suffered of frequent wars and lived in misery. 现在，中国已成为世界第二大经济体，人民安居乐业，人均预期寿命由35岁增长到77岁。中国已基本建立起保障公民权利的法律和政策体系。
At present, China has become the world’s second largest economy, where people live and work in peace and contentment, and the Chinese people’s average life expectancy has increased from 35 to 77 years. In China, a legal and policy system has also been established to protect its citizens’ rights.
中国把“尊重和保障人权”写进了宪法，社会和谐发展的水平得到了显著提升。中国支持保障公民生存权和发展权，反对忽视经济、社会、文化权利的趋势，主张促进这两种权利的平衡保障，以发展促人权、消除贫困，中国的人权原则已得到国际的广泛支持。
“Respect and protection of human rights” have been included into the Constitution of China, which significantly promoted the harmonious development of the Chinese society. The Chinese government supports the protection of citizen’s rights to subsistence and development, opposes the trend to ignore economic, social and cultural rights, advocates the balanced protection between both rights and promotes human rights as well as eliminates poverty through development. In other words, China’s principle of human rights has received extensive support from the international community.
中国认真履行国际人权义务，加入了包括6项核心人权公约在内的26项国际人权公约。中国广泛开展国际人权交流合作，同20多个国家开展人权对话和磋商，同联合国人权机制保持建设性交流。
China has conscientiously fulfilled its international obligations of human rights by acceding to 26 international conventions on human rights, including 6 core treaties. China has carried out extensive exchanges and cooperation in term of human rights internationally by conducting dialogues and consultations with more than 20 countries in the world and maintaining constructive exchanges with United Nations human rights mechanisms.
汉译英第二篇文章
中国幅员辽阔，在漫长的历史发展进程中，逐步形成了各地丰富多彩、极具特色的传统民居建筑形式。
Various and colorful traditional residential building styles with their distinctive local characteristics have been gradually formed within China’s vast territory during the long process of historical development.
2005年，建筑专业的毛葛开始进行传统民居的研究工作，在见识过各种各样的传统民居后，她感受到传统民居具有鲜明的地域特色，每座都是工匠们忘我劳动的结果。从中，她也看到了中国人对自己生活的深深热爱。
In 2005, Mao Ge majoring in architecture began the research work on traditional dwellings. After visiting a lot of a variety of traditional dwelling houses, she felt that these houses had distinct geographical characteristics and each of them is the fruit of the craftsmen’s selfless work, from which, she also experienced the deep love of the Chinese people for their lives.
80年代城镇化进程加快以来，中国的传统民居建筑正在大量消失，伴随而来的还有对传统建筑技艺、传统建筑工具以及相关建筑知识的冷落。 Since the acceleration of the urbanization in the 1980s, traditional Chinese residential buildings have disappeared in a large number accompanied by the neglect of traditional architectural techniques and traditional construction tools as well as relevant architectural knowledge.
作为看漫画长大的80后一代，热爱传统民居建筑的毛葛想到了通过漫画形式向人们介绍传统民居，希望让更多人看到传统民居建筑的美并加入到保护传统民居的行列，引起更多人尤其是年轻人对这一学科的兴趣。
As one of the post-80s generation who has grown up with comics, Mao Ge who loves traditional residential buildings wants to introduce them to the public through the comics, moreover, she hopes to show the aesthetics of traditional residential buildings to more people and then attract them to protect these dwellings, so as to arouse the interests of more people in the subject, in particular to those young people.
她以简单有趣的漫画形式、通俗易懂的文字创作了面向年轻大众的漫画。 With simple and fun cartoons and words easy to be understood, she has created comics for young people.
2019年11月Catti英语二级笔译真题和精校翻译答案
