棉蚜快速监测装置的远程控制系统设计
毕业设计(论文)中文摘要
棉蚜快速监测装置的远程控制系统设计
基于SIM900A的农业远程控制系统设计 摘要: 随着 GSM(Global System for Mobile communication)移动通信网络的迅速普及,新技术的开发和应用已经提到一个十分重要的位置。短消息业务(SMS)作为 GSM 网络的一种基本业务,基于这种业务的各种应用已得到越来越多的关注。 本文设计了一种基于 GSM 短消息的远程控制系统。在给出系统的总体设计的基础上,设计了系统的硬件和软件,采用模块化的设计。硬件部分以单片机C8051F340为核心,还包括单片机外围电路、SIM900A通信模块。软件部分通过KeilC软件进行编程,实现棉蚜快速监测装置的远程控制。 基于SIM900A的农业远程控制系统通过用户手机向GSM网络发送短信,接收用户机的控制命令对棉蚜快速监测装置的远程控制。其原理简单、方便快捷、数据精度满足生产要求,与传统的控制系统相比有着独特的优势。 关键词:单片机 短信 远程控制 SIM900A 目录
目录 ····················································································································· 2
棉蚜快速监测装置的远程控制系统设计
1 绪论 ················································································································· 3
1.1研究的背景 ·································································································· 3 1.2发展历史及发展状况 ······················································································ 4 1.3研究的内容及意义 ························································································· 5 2 系统方案论证和选择 ···························································································· 6
2.1设计方案模块 ······························································································· 6 2.2单片机的选择 ······························································································· 7 2.3无线通信模块的选择 ······················································································ 8 3 硬件电路设计 ····································································································· 9
3.1单片机外围电路 ···························································································· 7
3.1.1晶振电路: ························································································· 8 3.1.2复位电路: ························································································· 7 3.1.3 电源电路 ···························································································· 9 3.2 SIM900A模块电路设计 ·················································································· 9
3.2.1 SIM900A模块简介 ··············································································· 10 3.3输出控制模块设计 ························································································ 11 4 软件设计 ·········································································································· 11
4.1简介KeilUvision4 ························································································· 13 4.2信息接收程序设计 ························································································ 15
1 绪论
1.1研究的背景
中国是个农业大国,每年爆发的各种虫害给农业生产带来了巨大损失。传统的虫情测报一般由农技人员到农田现场捕获虫体,然后带回实验室汇总预报。这种方式有
棉蚜快速监测装置的远程控制系统设计
很多缺点,在一些地形复杂、气候恶劣的地方,现场数据的采集十分困难,人身安全得不到有效保障,己经不适应精细农业的发展要求。随着嵌入式技术和无线通信技术的快速发展,越来越多的数据采集设备都安装有无线通信模块,使得从数据采集到无线传输都实现了自动化和远程化控制,这有效地节省了人力,提高了对害虫灾害监控的实时性,挽回了巨大的损失。
随着计算机技术、通信技术和自动控制技术的迅速发展,以及各种智能仪表的大量涌现,各种农业生产过程的自动化水平得到了很大的提高。特别是各种智能测量,控制仪表和高可靠性可编程控制器PLC出现以后,设计者可以根据具体的控制要求,选择合适的仪表壳控制单元进行系统集成。这样,系统的设计开发才能周期短,可靠性高,成本低。
采用先进的远程控制技术,可以大幅度降低人工成本,提高病虫害的监测精度,可以方便管理,既有社会效益,又有经济效益。
1.2 发展历史及发展状况
作为虫情监测的一个重要部分,数据采集和传输有着非常重要的意义。上世纪九十年代开始,世界发达国家如美国、加拿大、澳大利亚及欧洲国家,在其农业虫害预报领域较早使用了各类采集设备和电子信息技术,在实践中完成具备卫星定位、信息采集、土壤采样、农机导航和各种农用传感器信息采集等功能的产品研发,并由经济技术实力强劲的公司进行商业化推广,己经形成较为成熟的系列产品。据调查,国外在数据采集与传输方面主要有如下几种比较典型的产品:
1.著名的Trimble公司推出了三款用于农业信息管理的手持终端设备:NOMAD、JUNO, YUMA,这些设备都具有现场环境参数记录,农田地图绘制,土壤取样等功能。优点在于将数据采集记录与GPS相结合,使得GPS的应用更加具体,更加广泛,而且可以借助手持设备编写功能强大的软件,开发较容易。缺点是在野外使用不方面,电源供电时间有限,每次使用时都需要农业技术人员到现场巡视,劳动量较大。
2. Cyber Tracker虫害综合管理系统,该系统是Cyber Tracker公司专为解决有机耕种存在的虫害问题而研发的,系统能收集大量的实时数据,基于这些数据来减少环境对农产品的影响。优点在于能实时并跟踪害虫的生长情况,及时作出反应,但适用的范围狭小,不能广泛应用。
棉蚜快速监测装置的远程控制系统设计
3.美国CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC公司的CR系列数据记录仪。该记录仪是以单片机为核心控制器开发的,与基于笔记本和掌上电脑的农业数据采集与处理系统相比,该记录仪不仅成本低,配置灵活,而且还可以依据实际情况对设备进行单独设置,但由于单片机具有处理速度或存储量有限的缺点,导致这类设备不能采集存储图片等大信息量的数据,采集到的数据往往需要发送至上位机进行后期处理,不支持无线数据传输。
相对国外用于农业数据采集和传输的产品己经有较为成熟的体系而言,国内在农业数据采集的研究和应用起步较晚。近年,国内一些有实力的公司与科研院所相互合作,投入了大量的财力和人力,研发了一些能够实现远距离数据采集和传输的装备。在基于笔记本电脑和掌上电脑的研发方面,并没有具有自主知识产权的应用系统,绝大多数都是在常规的软件上进行的二次开发,尚未形成通用的产品,一些公司和研究机构基于单片机的采集系统做了一定的研发。
北京惠泽农科技有限公司是国内在农业信息化方面做出过突出贡献的单位之一,该公司研发了大量用于数据采集和环境监测的设备,在实际应用中取得良好的效果。其高精度温湿度记录仪,其自带的存储器最多可以存储十万个记录,用户可任意设置扫描周期。手持式袖珍气象站,该设备内置的各种传感器能准确测量现场的温湿度、风速、大气压及露点温度,并能在屏幕上数字显示。此外,该公司开发的其他设备还有其他各种功能,如用于土壤养分分析、植物生理监视、水质监测等,这些设备对农业信息化都有一定的实际意义。
1.3研究的内容及意义
计算机控制技术在我国众多领域获得的广泛应用,采用了以计算机控制技术为手段的自动化监控与调度的管理模式。但在农业病虫害监测领域,我国现行管理水平与发达国家相比差距较大,虽然随着病虫害监测技术的推广和远程自控控制技术的不断进步,远程病虫害监控及控制系统逐渐得到应用,因此研制一种适合农民经济承受能力的远程病虫害监控控制系统,就成为一项重要的任务。
基于GSM短消息的远程自动控制系统是通过手机设定特定命令,以短消息方式指