xiaoylly
第1章 电脑维修快速入门
1.1 电脑故障分析 ·········································· 1 1.1.1 常见电脑故障 ··································· 1 1.1.2 电脑维修常见软件工具简介 ············ 5 1.1.3 电脑维修辅助硬件工具简介 ·········· 10
1.2 电脑故障维修基本原则 ························· 14 1.2.1 由简入难 ········································· 14 1.2.2 先想后动 ········································· 15 1.2.3 先软后硬 ········································· 15 1.3 电脑故障分析流程································· 15 1.4 电脑软硬件故障常用检测方法 ············· 16 1.4.1 观察法 ············································· 16 1.4.2 拔插法 ············································· 16 1.4.3 硬件最小系统法 ····························· 16 1.4.4 软件最小系统法 ····························· 16 1.4.5 逐步添加/去除法 ···························· 17 1.4.6 程序测试法 ····································· 17 1.4.7 替换法 ············································· 17 1.4.8 比较法 ············································· 17 1.4.9 清洁法 ············································· 18 1.4.10 安全模式法 ··································· 18 1.5 维修前的准备工作································· 19 1.5.1 拔去电源 ········································· 19 1.5.2 准备工具 ········································· 19 1.5.3 准备好另一台电脑··························201.5.4 去除静电 ········································· 20 1.5.5 准备小空盒 ····································· 20
2.1.5 查杀病毒木马黑客常用软件·········· 34 2.1.6 多系统设置与管理常用软件·········· 39 2.1.7 数据备份、恢复与拯救常用软件 ·· 40 2.1.8 注册表修改、恢复与维修
常用软件·········································· 43
2.2 电脑网络常见检测与维修软件 ············· 44 2.2.1 网络拨号与网速常用软件·············· 44 2.2.2 网络优化与维护常用软件·············· 45 2.2.3 网络故障诊断与排除常用软件 ······ 46 2.2.4 局域网性能检测与维修软件·········· 47 2.3 电脑硬件常见检测与维修软件 ············· 48 2.3.1 CPU性能检测与维修软件 ·············· 48 2.3.2 内存性能检测与维修软件·············· 48 2.3.3 硬盘性能检测与维修软件·············· 49 2.3.4 光驱与刻录机性能检测
与维修软件······································ 50 2.3.5 声卡性能检测与维修软件·············· 53 2.3.6 显卡性能检测与维修软件·············· 55 2.3.7 电源性能检测与维修软件·············· 58 2.3.8 显示器性能检测与维修软件·········· 58 2.3.9 其他电脑硬件性能检测
与维修软件······································ 59
第3章 电脑维修常用硬件技术
3.1 电脑软硬件故障常用测量工具 ············· 62 3.1.1 万用表············································· 62 3.1.2 示波器············································· 67 3.1.3 晶体管图示仪 ································· 71 3.2 电脑软硬件故障常用焊接工具 ············· 73 3.2.1 电烙铁············································· 73 3.2.2 热风枪············································· 76 3.2.3 热风焊台 ········································· 77 3.2.4 吸锡器············································· 78 3.2.5 锡炉················································· 78 I
第2章 电脑维修常用检修软件技术
2.1 操作系统常见检测与维修软件 ············· 21 2.1.1 DOS进入、设置与维修常用软件 ·· 21 2.1.2 系统性能测试与维修软件 ·············· 27 2.1.3 系统优化与维护常用软件 ·············· 30 2.1.4 系统安全与防范常用软件 ·············· 32
电脑维修技术大全
3.2.6 焊锡和助焊剂 ································· 79 3.2.7 常用焊接方法与焊接技术 ·············· 79 3.3 电脑软硬件故障常用其他辅助工具 ····· 82 3.3.1 编程器 ············································· 82 3.3.2 主板诊断卡 ····································· 82 3.3.3 打阻值卡 ········································· 83 3.3.4 CPU假负载 ····································· 83 3.3.5 清洁工具 ········································· 84 3.3.6 工具盘 ············································· 85
4.3.10 Windows XP和Windows Vista双系统
的电脑无法正常启动···················· 96 4.3.11 安装两个杀毒软件后，电脑无法正常
启动 ··············································· 97 4.3.12 电脑启动速度很慢，不正常 ········ 97 4.3.13 电脑启动后总出现RavTask.exe应用
程序错误的提示 ··························· 98 4.3.14 电脑在使用中出现“非法操作” 错误提示 ······································· 98
4.3.15 电脑使用时出现“内存不足” 故障提示 ······································· 98 4.3.16 在双核电脑中运行某个软件出现 “非法操作”错误提示················ 99
第4章 操作系统维修技术
4.1 操作系统基础知识································· 86 4.1.1 操作系统分类 ································· 86 4.1.2 操作系统特征 ································· 86 4.1.3 操作系统功能 ································· 87 4.2 操作系统常见故障分析 ························· 88 4.2.1 操作系统常见故障现象 ·················· 89 4.2.2 操作系统常见故障分类与分析 ······ 89 4.2.3 操作系统维修的思路与流程 ·········· 89 4.3 操作系统维修实战案例 ························· 90 4.3.1 无法启动Windows XP/Vista操作
系统故障一般解决方法··················· 90 4.3.2 Windows系统不能关机故障
解决方法 ·········································· 91 4.3.3 操作系统启动与关机故障
实践流程与方法 ······························ 94 4.3.4 双核电脑出现错误提示，键盘
无法使用 ·········································· 94 4.3.5 电脑升级后，无法启动，出现
错误提示 ·········································· 95 4.3.6 双核无法正常启动系统，不断
自动重启 ·········································· 95 4.3.7 电脑启动时，当出现检测画面后
就停止不动，不能正常启动 ··········· 95 4.3.8 电脑中接入第二块硬盘后，出现
错误提示，无法启动电脑··············· 95 4.3.9 系统自动更新后，无法正常启动 ·· 95
II
第5章 注册表维修技术
5.1 注册表维修基础知识···························1005.1.1 注册表编辑器 ······························· 100 5.1.2 Windows XP注册表 ······················ 103 5.2 注册表常见故障分析···························1055.2.1 注册表常见故障现象 ··················· 105 5.2.2 注册表常见故障处理 ··················· 105 5.3 注册表的备份与恢复···························1065.3.1 注册表的备份 ······························· 106 5.3.2 恢复注册表 ··································· 109 5.3.3 注册表修复方法 ··························· 113 5.4 注册表维修实战案例···························1135.4.1 手动清理注册表 ··························· 113 5.4.2 上网时发现IE浏览器菜单中的
“源文件”命令无法使用 ············ 114 5.4.3 遭恶意攻击，系统注册表
无法进入········································ 114 5.4.4 电脑启动后，总是自动弹出
广告网页········································ 115 5.4.5 恢复被屏蔽锁定的主页设置 ········ 115 5.4.6 在打开桌面上的“我的文档”图标时，
提示“我的文档”被禁用 ············ 115 5.4.7 电脑启动后发现桌面“回收站”
目录
6.3.12 “网上邻居”窗口中看不见
网络中共享的文件··················· 134
6.3.13 无法安装网络打印机 ················· 134 6.3.14 局域网中的一台电脑无法
被ping通 ···································· 134 6.3.15 酷睿双核电脑单机启动很快，
但接入局域网后，启动很慢 ······ 135 6.3.16 找不到“网络邻居”图标·········· 135 6.3.17 QQ、MSN MESSENGER 能上，
不能打开网页的故障分析·········· 136
图标丢失 ········································ 116 5.4.8 删除文件时，出现 “文件正在
使用无法删除” 提示。··············· 116 5.4.9 通过卸载程序无法将游戏
软件卸载 ········································ 117 5.4.10 停止启动后自动打开的警告
提示框 ········································· 118 5.4.11 打印机不能自动重新换行故障 ·· 118
第6章 电脑上网维修技术
6.1 网络维修基础知识······························· 119
6.1.1 电脑网络组成 ······························· 119 6.1.2 电脑网络的主要功能···················· 120 6.1.3 电脑网络的分类 ··························· 120 6.2 电脑上网常见故障分析 ······················· 121 6.2.1 电脑上网常见故障现象················ 121 6.2.2 电脑上网常见故障分类与分析 ···· 121 6.2.3 电脑上网维修的思路与流程 ········ 122 6.3 电脑上网维修实战案例 ······················· 125 6.3.1 IE浏览器浏览出错故障 ··············· 125 6.3.2 ADSL宽带网无法上网故障
解决方法 ········································ 127 6.3.3 拨号错误解决方法························1276.3.3 ADSL间断性地无法获得IP地址129 6.3.4 上网正常但无法打开任何网页 ···· 129 6.3.5 IE总要检测代理服务器 ··············· 129 6.3.6 上网经常掉线故障诊断方法 ········ 130 6.3.7 电脑总是上网不久就掉线，无法
正常上网 ········································ 130 6.3.8 网络连接正常，但IE浏览器只能
打开网页的二级页面 ···················· 131 6.3.9 网络连接正常，但IE浏览器
无法打开网页 ································ 132 6.3.10 单击网页中的E-mail通信地址时，
弹出错误提示，无法发送邮件 ·· 132 6.3.11 局域网中的两台电脑可以ping通，
但不能互相访问··························132
III
第7章 防黑杀毒维修技术
7.1 电脑病毒的特征和种类······················· 137 7.2 病毒预防和电脑安全 ·························· 138 7.3 电脑病毒和黑客故障 ·························· 139 7.3.1 病毒感染后的现象 ······················· 139 7.3.2 病毒查杀 ······································· 140 7.4 电脑安全与防黑客杀毒维修实战 ······· 140 7.4.1 电脑开机后，不论运行何种程序
都死机 ··········································· 140 7.4.2 电脑频繁无故死机 ······················· 140 7.4.3 上网更新系统后，电脑
经常死机········································ 141 7.4.4 电脑突然无法启动，总是启动
一半又自动重启 ···························· 141 7.4.5 手动清除“冰河”木马病毒········ 141 7.4.6电脑突然无法正常上网，
总是掉线········································ 141
第8章 数据恢复与拯救技术
8.1 使用“备份”工具备份与还原系统 ··· 142 8.1.1 使用“备份”工具备份系统········ 142 8.1.2 使用“备份”工具还原系统········ 144 8.2 使用Ghost软件备份和还原系统 ······· 146 8.2.1 使用Ghost软件备份系统 ············ 146 8.2.2 使用Ghost软件还原系统 ············ 147
电脑维修技术大全
8.3 硬盘的数据结构··································· 149 8.3.1 主引导扇区 ··································· 149 8.3.2 操作系统引导扇区························ 149 8.3.3 文件分配表 ··································· 150 8.3.4 硬盘目录区 ··································· 150 8.3.5 硬盘数据区 ··································· 150 8.4 硬盘数据丢失的原因 ··························· 150 8.4.1 软件原因 ······································· 150 8.4.2 硬件原因 ······································· 151 8.4.3 人为原因 ······································· 151 8.4.4 外界原因 ······································· 151 8.5 数据的保存与删除······························· 151 8.5.1 数据的保存 ··································· 151 8.5.2 数据的删除 ··································· 151 8.6 数据恢复的方法··································· 152 8.6.1 MBR数据恢复方法······················· 152 8.6.2 DBR数据恢复方法 ······················ 154 8.6.3 文件被误删除的恢复方法 ············ 155 8.6.4 硬盘被分区或格式化后数据
的恢复方法 ···································· 155 8.6.5 硬盘物理结构损坏后数据的
恢复方法 ········································ 155 8.6.6 Office文档损坏后数据的
恢复方法 ········································ 156 8.6.7 硬盘坏道造成数据丢失的
恢复方法 ········································ 159 8.6.8 被病毒或黑客攻击后数据的
恢复方法 ········································ 161 8.6.9 硬盘分区表损坏后数据的
恢复方法 ········································ 161
8.7 维修实例 ·············································· 163 8.7.1 非法关机后导致系统不能
正常运行 ········································ 163 8.7.2 感染病毒后系统崩溃···················· 164 8.7.3 误删除系统文件导致系统
无法正常启动 ································ 164 8.7.4 电脑感染病毒后导致系统瘫痪 ···· 164
IV
9.1 主板维修必备知识 ······························ 168 9.1.1 主板的分类 ··································· 168 9.1.2 主板的组成与结构 ······················· 169 9.1.3 主板的工作原理 ··························· 174 9.2 主板常见故障剖析 ······························ 174 9.2.1 主板常见故障现象 ······················· 175 9.2.2 主板常见故障分类与分析············ 175 9.3 主板维修技术分析与工具选择 ··········· 177 9.3.1主板维修常用技术分析与选择 ····· 177 9.3.2 主板维修常用工具选择················ 178 9.3.3 主板维修的思路与流程················ 178 9.4 主板维修实战案例 ······························ 180 9.4.1 主板芯片故障维修 ······················· 180 9.4.2 主板无法启动故障维修················ 180
9.4.3 主板安装失误导致系统
故障维修········································ 181 9.4.4 主板散热不良故障维修················ 181 9.4.5 主板与显卡驱动程序不兼容
故障维修········································ 181 9.4.6 CMOS设置不能保存故障维修 ··· 181 9.4.7 主板电源故障维修 ······················· 182 9.4.8 主板键盘接口故障维修················ 182 8.7.5 Word文档无法打开······················1658.7.6 Excel文件损坏无法打开 ············· 165 8.7.8 E-mail文件损坏无法打开············ 165 8.7.9 恢复“回收站”中删除的文档 ···· 166 8.7.10 硬盘被分区后，硬盘中的
重要文件丢失 ····························· 166 8.7.11 硬盘损坏，无法读取
硬盘中的数据 ····························· 166 8.7.12 SM卡损坏，无法读取照片 ······· 167
第9章 主板维修技术
第10章 BIOS维修技术
10.1 认识BIOS ·········································· 184
目录
11.1.3 CPU的工作原理与电路图 ·········· 197
10.1.1 BIOS芯片的作用 ······················· 184 10.1.2 BIOS芯片的种类和封装············ 185 10.2 升级BIOS ·········································· 186 10.2.1 为什么要对BIOS升级··············· 186 10.2.2 升级BIOS注意事项··················· 187 10.2.3 BIOS升级方法 ··························· 187 10.3 BIOS升级失败后的拯救方法 ··········· 191 10.3.1 用备份的BIOS文件恢复··········· 191 10.3.2 用Boot Block块恢复 ················· 192 10.3.3 热插拔法 ····································· 192 10.3.4 用编程器修复 ····························· 192 10.4 BIOS故障解决方法 ·························· 193 10.4.1 BIOS常见故障现象 ··················· 193 10.4.2 造成BIOS故障的原因··············· 193 10.4.3 BIOS故障维修流程 ··················· 193 10.5 维修实例 ············································ 194 10.5.1 优化BIOS后总出现“非法
操作”错误提示··························19410.5.2 USB鼠标无法正常使用 ············· 195 10.5.3 升级BIOS后启动电脑时死机 ··· 195 10.5.4 按Del键无法进入BIOS程序 ··· 195 10.5.5 对CMOS进行放电操作后，
依旧无法去掉开机密码 ·············· 195 10.5.6 电脑停电又有电后，会自动
开机启动 ····································· 195 10.5.7 电脑无法正常关机，出现关机
画面后就死机 ····························· 196 10.5.8 通过BIOS对电脑超频后，
无法正常启动系统······················ 196 10.5.9 USB接口键盘无法使用 ············· 196 10.5.10 对BIOS进行设置后，发现
电脑启动不正常 ······················· 196
11.2 CPU常见故障剖析····························· 198 11.2.1 CPU常见故障现象······················ 198 11.2.2 CPU常见故障分类与分析 ·········· 198 11.3 CPU维修技术分析与工具选择 ········· 199 11.3.1 CPU维修常用技术分析
与选择 ········································· 200
11.3.2 CPU维修常用工具选择 ·············· 200 11.3.3 CPU维修的思路与流程 ·············· 200 11.4 CPU维修实战案例····························· 201 11.4.1 开机自检完成后死机故障 ·········· 201 11.4.2 CPU超频故障 ···························· 201 11.4.3 散热片故障 ································· 202 11.4.4 CPU散热故障 ···························· 203 11.4.5 CPU温度故障 ···························· 204 11.4.6 电脑自动重启 ····························· 204
第12章 内存维修技术
12.1 内存维修必备知识 ···························· 205 12.1.1 内存的分类 ································· 205 12.1.2 内存的组成与结构 ····················· 207 12.2 内存常见故障剖析 ···························· 208 12.2.1 内存常见故障现象 ····················· 208 12.2.2 内存常见故障分类与分析·········· 208 12.3 内存维修技术分析与工具选择 ········· 209 12.3.1 内存维修常用技术分析
与选择 ········································· 209 12.3.2 内存维修常用工具选择··············21012.3.3 内存维修的思路与流程··············21012.4内存维修实战案例 ····························· 211 12.4.1 开机后连续报警 ························· 211 12.4.2 内存兼容性故障 ························· 211 12.4.3 内存速度不同故障 ····················· 211 12.4.4 内存接触不良故障 ····················· 212 12.4.5 内存质量不佳故障 ····················· 212 12.4.6 “非法操作”故障 ····················· 212 12.4.7 内存金手指氧化故障 ················· 213 V
第11章 CPU维修技术
11.1 CPU维修必备知识 ····························· 197 11.1.1 CPU的分类·································· 197 11.1.2 CPU的组成与结构 ······················ 197
电脑维修技术大全 - 图文
