Unit 3 Under the sea
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文 话题：海洋 词数：318 时间：7′
The sea is home to billions of plants and animals.Many live only near the sunlit surface.Oceanographers classify marine living beings by separating them into two main groups：plants and animals.
There are two general types of plants found in the ocean，those having roots that are attached to the ocean bottom and those not having roots which simply drift about with the water.The rooted plants in the ocean are only found in shallow water because there is not enough sunlight to sustain photosynthesis(光合作用) in deeper waters.Since sunlight does not pass more than a few hundred feet into the ocean，most of the ocean is not capable of supporting rooted plants.
The most plenty plants in the ocean are known as phytoplankton(浮游生物)．These are usually single－celled，minute floating plants that drift throughout the surface waters of the ocean.To grow，phytoplankton need nutrients from the sea water and lots of sunlight.
Marine animals are divided into three groups：zooplankton，nekton，and benthos.Zooplankton are drifting animals and are usually small，however，they can grow to fairly large size.For example，the jellyfish and the Portuguese man－of－war are examples of larger types of zooplankton which are unable to propel(推进) themselves effectively.
Nekton are the free swimmers and probably the largest portion of familiar animals found in the ocean belong to this class.Common fishes，the octopus，whales，eels and squid are all examples of nekton.
The third type of sea animals spends its entire life on or in the ocean bottom.This group of marine animals is called the benthos.Some of these creatures，such as lobsters and snails，may be able to move about on the bottom but their lifestyle is so bound up with the ocean floor that they are unable to survive away
from this environment.
【语篇解读】 海洋是成千上万种动物和植物的家乡。海洋植物主要有两种：有根植物和浮游植物；海洋动物大体可分为三类：浮游动物、游泳动物和海底动物。 1．The text mainly tells us something about ________． A．marine plants and marine animals B．two types of sea plants C．three kinds of sea animals D．small and big animals in the ocean
答案 A [主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了海洋生物的分类(海洋植物和海洋动物)以及他们的特点。]
2．Why can't we find the rooted plants in deep water of the ocean? A．Because there are too many rocks at the bottom of the ocean. B．Because the rooted plants can't stand the coldness of the ocean. C．Because there is not enough sunlight for them in deep water.
D．Because the rooted plants need more sunlight than plants which have no roots. 答案 C [细节理解题。根据第二段可知，有根植物不能生存在很深的海底是因为那儿没有充足的阳光来进行光合作用。]
3．One of the characteristics of zooplankton is that ________． A．they are small and never grow to large size B．some of the zooplankton can't swim effectively C．they can swim freely in deep water of the ocean D．they need more sunlight than other animals in the ocean
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，有些zooplankton不能自己有效地推进自己，也就是说它们不能有效地游泳。]
4．According to the last paragraph，we can conclude that ________． A．benthos live on the surface of the ocean water B．some of the benthos can't live without the ocean floor C．benthos spend most of their time swimming in the ocean D．benthos can move about in the middle of the sea water
答案 B [细节理解题。根据短文最后一句可知benthos离开海底不能生存。]
B
体裁：记叙文 话题：人物与事件 词数：294 时间：6′
A man once telephoned Vincent Peale，a famous psychologist(心理学家)．He was very sad and in low spirits and told the Vincent Peale that he had nothing left to live for.Peale invited the man over to his office.“Everything is gone，and I feel hopeless，” the man told him.“I'm living in deepest darkness.In fact，I've lost heart for my life.”
Vincent Peale smiled sympathetically (同情地)．“Let's take a look at your situation，” he said calmly.On a piece of paper he drew a straight line down the middle.He suggested that they list on the left side the things the man had lost，and on the right，the things he had left.“You don't need that column (栏) on the right side，” said the man sadly.“I have nothing left.”
Peale asked，“When did your wife leave you？” “What do you mean？” the man asked，“She hasn't left me.My wife loves me！” “That's great！” said Peale.“Then that will be number one in the right column—Wife hasn't left.Now，when were your children put into prison？” “That's a silly question.My children aren't in prison！” “Good! That's number two in the right column—Children are not in prison，” said Peale，writing it down.
After a few more questions in the same column，the man finally got the point and smiled in spite of himself (不由自主地)．“Things will change when you think of them in another way，” he said.
Change your thoughts and you will change your world.If you paint in your mind a picture of bright and happy expectations，you will put yourself into a condition helpful to your goal.
【语篇解读】 改变思维就会改变你的世界。心中充满美好的期待，你就会实现自己的目标。 5．Why did the man feel he was in deepest darkness? A．Because his wife had quarreled with him and left. B．Because his children were put into in prison. C．Because he had lost everything in his life.
D．Because he only thought of the dark side of his life.
(全国)2017年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Under the sea课时作业 新人教版选修7
