(unveil) the budget, the annual report of the country's economy, and the government's plans for tax and spending for the year.
8. As a manager, David likes his employees to be
(assertive) , to state or ask in a calm and direct manner what they want or need. 9. The stock market fluctuated wildly last month, which
(unsettled) investors because they were afraid that the big losses they suffered two years ago would happen again.
10. Parents mostly want their children to attend a good school. Hence, the quality of a school can play a(n)
(decisive) role in helping families choose where to live.
11. After you drink a cup of coffee, it takes about 30 minutes for the caffeine to work its way through your
(digestive) tract and into your bloodstream.
12. There is a general belief that social science is
(qualitative) and therefore not rigorous. However, this may not be true since social scientists also employ rigorous thinking in their research. ? Banked Cloze
Stereotypes have some truth mixed in with a few generalizations. Sometimes these generalizations can be misleading as they are often based on observation of the (1)
(exterior) behavior of people in a certain culture. Spaghetti, pasta, mafia (黑手党), gestures, fashion — these are some words commonly used to describe Italians. How much truth is there in the stereotype? As an Italian myself, I will give you some (2)
(insights) into the Italian soul and clarify some misunderstandings that foreigners have about us. Spaghetti and pasta are sacred. You can't take pasta away from an Italian meal; otherwise it won't be (3)
(complete). A typical Italian meal generally includes pasta as a starter, fish or meat with salad as the main (4)
(course), followed by fruit or dessert, and then coffee. But there are considerable regional differences in Italy, and hence (5)
(inconsistencies) exist between the stereotype and reality. For instance, you might find risotto (加有肉、鱼或蔬菜的调味饭) replacing pasta in some places!
The Mafia is real: We are not proud of it, but it does exist, especially in the South and on the island of Sicily. Obviously, not every Italian is a member of the Mafia, and most will be (6) (offended) if you use the term, even if you are just joking. Yes, the way we speak is unique. Italians use (7)
(gestures) a lot in communication. We simply cannot talk without our hands. If the hands are busy doing something else, we start moving shoulders or other parts of the body.
We are also fashion victims. You can recognize Italians by the way they dress from head to toe. We wear stylish clothes and (8)
(ornaments) for every possible occasion. You won't ever see an Italian wearing running shorts combined with long socks: It's simply against our (9) (sense) of style!
Italy is made up of many regions and provinces which are similar in some ways and (10)
(distinctive) in others. The stereotype contains some truth, but being Italian takes a lot more than that.
? Language Focus – Expressions in Use
1. We chatted for half an hour before he finally
(got to the point) : He wanted to work as a business consultant and wondered if I could pass along the names of certain potential clients.
2. Scientists at the research center identified various features that (are attached to) the commodities purchased by female consumers. 3. The three mountain climbers
(would have starved to death) if the villagers had not found them lying at the bottom of the valley.
4. The boy looked up timidly at his father who was sitting next to him, but he didn't stop crying.
(If anything) , his crying became more intense.
5. Since no one knew how the disease spread, they
(were suspicious of) everything, including mosquitoes, swimming pools, and people from other neighborhoods.
6. At the press conference, the government spokesman avoided answering the question about health-care reform directly. Instead he just
(wandered around) to talk about the harsh economic situation.
7. Mr. Rogers, whom you met in the museum yesterday, works as a software engineer and plays folk music (on the side) .
8. These schools were selected for our survey because the composition of their student bodies (was representative of) the district's enrollment, which included a large proportion of children from immigrant families. ? Translation
? 英译汉
The Renaissance was an influential cultural movement which brought about a period of scientific revolution and artistic transformation at the dawn of modern European history. It began in Italy and later spread to the rest of Europe, immediately following the Middle Ages and spanning roughly from the 14th to the 17th century. The Renaissance was characterized by a revival of interest in classical learning, wisdom and values from the Ancient Greek and Roman eras. Renaissance scholars employed the humanist method in study and searched for realism and human emotion in art. Scientists no longer accepted the teachings of the Church at face value. Instead, they studied the natural world through their own observation and experimentation. Likewise, artists developed new techniques and achieved more advanced effects by applying mathematics and optics (光学) to paintings, sculpture and other art forms. The Renaissance profoundly changed the European intellectual life in the early modern period. Through the rediscovery of ancient texts, it triggered both a rebirth of classical learning and a rebirth of European culture in general. Its influence was felt in literature, philosophy, art, politics, science, and many other fields.
文艺复兴是一场影响巨大的文化运动。它在现代欧洲史的开端时期开创了一个科学革命和艺术变革时代。它始于意大利，之后蔓延到欧洲其他国家。它紧接在中世纪之后，贯穿14至17世纪。文艺复兴时期的特点是，人们对古希腊和古罗马时期的古典知识、智慧和价值观重新焕发了兴趣。文艺复兴时期的学者在学术中采用人文方法，在艺术上追寻现实主义和人类情感。科学家们不再一味地接受教堂传播的说教。相反，他们通过观察和实验来研究自然世界。同样，艺术家们将数学和光学运用到绘画、雕塑及其他艺术形式中，从而发展出新技术，并取得了更高水平的艺术效果。文艺复兴深刻地改变了现代早期的欧洲知识界。它通过对古代文献的重新发现，触发了古典知识和整个欧洲文化的重生。文学、哲学、艺术、政治、科学及其他许多领域都能感受到它的影响。
? 汉译英
中华文明曾对世界文明产生过重大影响。近年来，随着我国经济的发展和国际地位的提升，历史悠久的中国文化正引起世界新的关注。越来越多的中国元素为当今世界时尚、文学、影视作品等提供了创作灵感，成为热门题材。这一现象表明，世界需要中国文化。在这种背景下，我国决定实施文化\走出去\的战略，以加强中国与世界其他各国的文化交流。经过数年的努力，这项工程已经取得了很大成绩。文化\走出去\大力推动了我国文化产业的发展，正成为提升我国国家形象和综合实力的有效途径。
Chinese civilization once had a significant influence on world civilization. With the development of our country's economy and the rise of her international status in recent years, Chinese culture, which has a long history, is once again attracting global attention. More and more Chinese cultural elements provide inspiration for and become popular subjects of fashions, literature and movies around the world. This shows that the world needs Chinese culture. It was in this context that China decided to implement the \cultural exchanges with the rest of the world. After several years' efforts, great achievements have been made in this respect. \Exporting\has greatly promoted the development of our cultural industries. It is becoming an effective approach through which China enhances her
national image and comprehensive strength.
Unit 5 – Section B
? Language Focus – Words in Use
1. If the product is defective, the customers can ship it to us at our expense, and we will replace it or
(refund) to them the purchase price.
2. Tensions occur in many smaller communities where development pressure and population growth cause
(friction / frictions) between longtime residents and newcomers, who often have different backgrounds and values.
3. The manager had lots of questions about the dispute between the two departments, but he resolved to stay
(mute) until someone told him the whole truth.
4. She had hoped to be home early enough to pick up her son from school, but she was (detained) by a long meeting at work until late evening. 5. This analytic software enables businesses to
(extract) relevant information about the customers, for example, age and education level, from a large range of documents.
6. Every year the American Association of Poison Control Centers
(compiles) statistics on accidental deaths from drugs, vitamins and other supplements. 7. Although not as practical as cars with fixed metal roofs,
(convertibles) are appealing because they look cool and ready for summer driving fun. 8. The rebels have said that they would not try to take the capital before peace talks (mediated) by a third party begin next week. 9. She spoke in a(n)
(tactful) yet sincere manner, which made him relaxed and willing to talk about his life: his poorly-paid job and his unhappy marriage.
10. The president delivered an enthusiastic speech, in which he expressed confidence in building national
(cohesion) and unity by improving the life of all citizens. ? Language Focus – Expressions in Use 1. Women's attainment in career still
(lags behind) that of men, even in developed countries where women have been participating in the workforce for decades.
2. Talented and diligent, Robert Hume was
(put in charge of) managing the entire Company's accounts when he was only 25. 3. A number of economists have proposed that the government should (1) (take a) balanced (2)
(approach to) dealing with the nation's tremendous deficits.
4. Over the past few months, Mr. Flake has seen his fame steadily rise, being
(singled out) for praise in a Wall Street Journal article and interviewed by some influential journalists.
5. As soon as the paperwork was done, he left the office and (headed for) the airport to catch an early afternoon flight to Florida.
6. Some cities have adopted Bus Rapid Transit, a system in which some features of the train, such as speed, reliability and comfort, are (incorporated into) the bus system.
7. The adverse weather conditions raised safety concerns, so they decided to (1) (divert) three flights (2) (to) a nearby airport.
8. According to a study published last month, global warming
(has had an impact on) crop yields since 1980, pushing up prices of wheat and corn worldwide. ? Sentence structure 1. If we have enough oil in our own country, (何必每年从其他地方大量进口呢)?
Reference: why import a large amount from somewhere else every year?
2. Since video communication through the Internet is convenient, (为何既耗时又费钱地乘飞机去参加会议呢)?
Reference: why a time-consuming and expensive flight trip to attend the conference? 3.
(为何要在一个离家这么远的拥挤的酒吧里呢)? We can just meet at a restaurant close to where we live.
Reference: Why at a crowded bar so far from home?
新视野大学英语4第三版习题答案
