十一、主旨大意——标题归纳题
(2024·6月天津，C)
There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus：food.Recent development has made possible machines that print，cook，and serve foods on a mass scale.And the industry isn’t stopping there. Food production
With a 3D printer，a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake.Not everybody can do that—it takes years of experience，but a printer makes it easy.A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same，” freeing cooks to complete other tasks.In another restaurant，all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed，rather than farm to table. Sustainability(可持续性)
The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050，and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels.Sustainability is becoming a necessity.3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution.Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids(水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料).3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions.Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end，freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements. Nutrition
Future 3D food printers could make processed food healthier.Hod Lipson，a professor at Columbia University，said，“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content，like vitamins.So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket，you’d eat something baked just for you on demand.” Challenges
Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing，the industry has many challenges to overcome.Currently，most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them，and the printing process is quite time-consuming，because
ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways.On top of that，most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients，because meat and milk products may easily go bad.Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers，believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.
语篇解读 本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了3D食物打印机的优点和缺点。 46.What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production? A.It helps cooks to create new dishes. B.It saves time and effort in cooking. C.It improves the cooking conditions. D.It contributes to restaurant decorations. 答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据Food production下的第二句中的“...it takes years of experience，but a printer makes it easy.”可知，利用3D打印机打印食物省时省力。故答案为B。
47.What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3? A.It solves food shortages easily. B.It quickens the transportation of food. C.It needs no space for the storage of food. D.It uses renewable materials as sources of food. 答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Some experts believe printers could use
hydrocolloids(水解胶体) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to
replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料).”可知，3D打印机用的是可再生材料。故D项正确。
48.According to Paragraph 4,3D-printed food . A.is more available to consumers B.can meet individual nutritional needs C.is more tasty than food in supermarkets D.can keep all the nutrition in raw materials 答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content，like vitamins.”可知，3D打印机打印食物可以满足个人的营养需求。故答案为B。
49.What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely? A.The printing process is complicated. B.3D food printers are too expensive. C.Food materials have to be dry. D.Some experts doubt 3D food printing. 答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据Challenges下的“On top of that，most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients...”可知，选项C正确。 50.What could be the best title of the passage? A.3D Food Printing：Delicious New Technology B.A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing C.The Challenges for 3D Food Production D.3D Food Printing：From Farm to Table 答案 A
解析 标题归纳题。本文介绍了一种美味的新科技——3D食物打印，故A项适合作文章标题。
一、题型解读
记叙文、说明文和议论文三种文体所涉及的不同话题的阅读材料都会考查到标题归纳题。设问形式常有：
(1)Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? (2)What can be a suitable title for the passage/text? (3)What is the best title for this passage?
(4)The most suitable title of this passage is .
一个好的标题应具备三大特点：概括——准确而又简短；针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符；醒目——能引发读者的阅读欲望。 二、解题技巧 1.“高度概括”定标题
(1)所选文章标题须能概括全文的中心内容。标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。为吸引读者的注意，标题往往比较醒目。
(2)一般文章的标题可根据主题句来判断，但在某些文章中，如记叙文，没有明确的主题句，需要根据文中的事实细节，查找文章的“主线”，归纳出文章的主题。 2.文章标题三特点
(1)形式一般为单词、短语或句子，短语居多；
(天津专用)2024高考英语二轮增分策略 专题三 阅读理解 第二节 分类突破 十一 主旨大意-标
