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Unit Two
Optimism and Positive Thinking
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
▆ Working with Words and Expressions
1. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences
with them. Change the form where necessary.
▆ Answers: 1) positive 2) startled 3) perspective 4) harden 5) shape 6) address 7) crises 8) curse 9) incredible 10) conversely 11) issue 12) response 13) prior 14) rare
15) accomplish
2. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their
meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.
▆ Answers:
1) get the hang of 2) have lived through 3) makes a difference 4) have no idea 5) concerned with 6) slipped over 7) ran into 8) in reverse 9) mull over
▆ Increasing Your Word Power
1. Decide whether “do”, “make” or “take” is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Change
the verb form where necessary.
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▆ Answers:
1) does 2) make 3) take 4) do 5) make 6) Take 7) done 8) taken 9) making 10) took
2. In each of the following sentences you are given two confusable words or expressions in brackets.
Choose the appropriate one to fill in the blank. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.
▆ Answers:
1) concerned 2) Concerning 3) reject 4) declined 5) unconscious 6) subconscious 7) former 8) preceding 9) raise 10) rise
3. Now match each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese equivalent in Column B. You may
consult a dictionary if necessary.
▆ Answers:
1) d 2) j 3) k 4) a 5) b 6) h 7) c 8) f 9) l 10) e 11) g 12) i
GRAMMAR IN CONTEXT
Task 1: When it is used as a conjunction, “as” can mean “when / while”, “though / although”, “since /
because”, “in the way / manner that”, etc., and it can also be used in a comparative structure. Study the following sentences and explain the meaning of “as” in each sentence.
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▆ Answers for reference:
1) in the way /manner that
2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8)
though / although when since
used in a comparison though while
in the way that
Task 2: Complete the following sentences after the example by translating the Chinese into English, using
“as” as a relative pronoun.
▆ Answers for reference:
1) as you describe / have described / described 2) as concern every one of us 3) As is well known 4) As we all can see
5) as you show / as you have shown for your teacher 6) As is reported / announced in today’s papers
Cloze
Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.
▆ Answers: 1) perspective 2) despair 3) necessity 4) perform 5) Conversely 6) prophecy 7) where 8) as
9) achieve 10) recognize 11) dealt with 12) attitude 13) channels 14) concerned
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Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.
▆ Answers for reference:
1) Only those who have lived through a similar experience can fully appreciate this. / The only people who can fully
appreciate this are those who have lived through a similar experience.
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2) Scientists have been hard pressed to figure out how these particles form/ are formed and interact (with one
another).
3) Those who have got the hang of Rubik’s Cube (Magic Cube) can return each face to consisting of one colour in
no time.
4) The individual success of the employees in a team environment results in success for the company. 5) The war, although successful in military terms, left the economy almost in ruins.
6) He decided to channel his energies into something useful, instead of being glued to / sitting in front of the
TV set all day long.
7) There’s a difference between strength and courage. It takes strength to survive. It takes courage to live. 8) She was by nature a very affectionate person, always ready to give a helping hand to others.
Theme-Related Writing
Do either of the following two writing tasks. You may draw on some useful ideas and expressions from a variety of sources, such as the two texts in this unit or the Internet.
1) Having read the two passages in this unit, you may have come to a better understanding of life and the times when pessimistic and optimistic thoughts take turns to affect your behaviour. Write a letter of encouragement (of about 150 words) to one of your high school friends who failed in the college entrance examination. Tell him or her about your new understanding of the need to remain optimistic.
2) The writers of the two texts in this unit convey to us the message that we need to look at the positive side of anything that comes to us and that we need to take an optimistic and positive attitude toward life. Write an essay (of about 150 words) to share your ideas with your classmates. The following hints may be of some help:
a. What is meant by “thinking positively”?
b. What is the connection between success and optimism? c. How can we keep an optimistic and positive attitude?
▆ Sample Letter for Task 1: Dear Weihua,
I know you are still feeling upset about your results in the college entrance examination. I’ve just read an article about how pessimistic and optimistic thoughts can affect our behaviour and I’m now sending you a copy, hoping that it will help you step out of the shadows.
Naturally, failing the college entrance examination can be very depressing, yet if you continue to dwell on the past, you will never be able to pick yourself up and focus on what is more important for now and the future. Life is full of trials and anyone may suffer setbacks. We must take an optimistic attitude towards the things we have to deal with. Optimism and positive thinking are powerful forces. Good things do come true if we picture them often. Please do have confidence in your potential. Just work hard and prepare for another chance.
You will make it.
Yours, Janet
(152 words)
▆ Sample Essay for Task 2:
Thinking positively means allowing your mind to be filled with optimistic feelings, and always hoping for the best though still aware of the difficulties that might be involved.
The human mind is powerful; thoughts of optimism and pessimism can be a self-fulfilling prophecy. Though it might seem impossible to some, positive thinking and success actually have a cause-and-result relationship. The reason is that a person with positive thinking will always broadcast goodwill and confidence and that kind of radiating attitude will take a hold on everybody.
Gradually, people’s attitude will shift towards more trust and respect. This not only opens up more opportunities for the individual, but it also feeds back emotionally, and the cycle continues.
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Though the shaping of a positive or negative personality often happens subconsciously, it is possible to control such processes consciously. A person can try visualizing favourable situations, whether it is remembering a contest won as a child or imagining getting that job offer so long sought after. Over time circumstances will change accordingly. (169 words)
Unit Three
The Road to Success
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Words in Action
Working with Words and Expressions
3. In the box below are some of the words you have learnt in this unit. Complete the following sentences with
them. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers:
a) favourable b) discouraged c) consented d) neglect e) crept f) sufficient g) traced h) somewhat i) refresh j) worthy k) prospects l) resolved m) remarked n) undergo o) rewarded
4. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in the
proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers:
16) pack up 17) many a
18) stays the course 19) put to the test 20) flooding in 21) came across 22) come up with 23) plunged ... into
▆ Increasing Your Word Power
1. Listed in the box below are some unit nouns. Discuss their meanings and then complete the following table
by filling in the appropriate unit noun. The same unit noun may be used for more than once. Consult a dictionary if necessary. ▆ Answers:
新世纪大学英语系列教育教案第2版综合教育教案2规范标准答案
