ii) Difficult Sentences
1.This is an important question being discussed in American society today.
(Para.1)
Note: 现在分词短语一般放在所修饰的名词之后，相当于一个定语从句，但比从句简洁。
---A little child learning to walk often falls. ---Do you know the man carrying a large raincoat? 2. This article compares two totally different opinions. (Para.1)
opinion: n.
1) [C;U] what a person thinks about isth. ---What’s your ~ about this problem?
---In my ~, we can ask the parents of the children for more advice. ---The official was of the ~ that the factory should be closed at once. [U] what most people think about sth. ---Public ~ is against the newspaper. ---Public ~ is in favor of a change in the law. 3. Califano states that…(Para.2)
state: vt. say sth. in spoken or written words
---Then the book continues to ~ the importance of literature in higher education.
---He stated firmly that he had never seen this relative before. ---Please ~ if it’s your opinion or the opinion of others’. 4. 5,000 Americans die each year because of…(Para.2)
because of: for the reason of; as a result of ---He walked slowly because of his bad leg. ---Because of the rain, we did not go for a walk. 5. According to Califano…(Para.2)
according to:
as stated by sb. 据某人所述
---According to them, these questions are too difficult for the students. ---According to the radio, it will rain tomorrow. in a way that agree with sth. 按照，根据
---In the past the wages were set according to age and experience. 6. The second opinion is against controlling…(Para.3) be against:
not agree with or support (sb. or sth.) ---Are you for or against the plan? ---She felt that everybody was against her. not follow (a law, rule, etc.)
---In some countries, it is against the law to open the shop on Sunday. ---It’s against the law to buy cigarettes before you are sixteen. 7. …would set up two classes of citizens…(Para.3)
Meaning: …would create two different classes of people… set up: form, build, or establish
---The government has set up more hospitals in the countryside. ---They planned to set up a scientific station on the moon.
8.…at the same time defend their own opinions with examples…(Para.4) defend: vt.
1) say or write sth. to support 为……辩护
---The president spoke on television to ~ the government’s policy. ---My sister defended me when Father said I was lazy.
2) keep safe 防护，保卫
---The mother monkey tried to defend her baby. ---He gave the girl a gun to defend herself.
3) protect so as to stop others from coming close 防守，防御 ---They defended their goal with great skill. ---It appears easy to attack but difficult to defend.
9. Screvane cares about creating different classes of people in society, about
money, and about time, but he never talks about public health and safety.(Para4)
care about: be worried about or interested in 关心；介意
---The education of the children is the thing that she cares about most. ---I don’t care about what you do.
10. I also believe that companies could save…(Para. 5)
company: n.
[C] a group of people united for business reasons 公司 ---He has opened a cigarette company.
---Is the telephone company here private or state-owned? 2) [U] being with a person 陪伴
---She was very good ~ and I enjoyed our evening together.
---I always enjoy her company because she always has interesting stories
to tell. III Exercises
Vocabulary; Translation; Grammar Exercises IV Assignments
1)Read and try to remember the para on page68. 2) Pronunciation and intonation: Vowels
Section B
A Decision Made Too Late
I Reading Skills
Recognizing Main Ideas(2) II Text Instruction Language points
1. No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has cancer. (Para.2)
for sure: without any question
---He’ll be here at 7:00 for sure.
---She won’t give you any money, and that’s for sure. 2. …has some relation to…(Para.2) relation: n.
1) [U] the state of being connected; relationship
---There is no ~ between the size of a country and the number of people who live there.
---The film has some ~ to the new novel of John. 2) [C] a member of one’s family
---The couple invited all their ~s to the celebration of their 20th anniversary of their marriage. ---He is staying with his ~s.
3. Now he is dying of lung cancer.(Para.2) die of: stop living because of
---Many people have died of this disease. ---His mother died of heart disease.
4. The smoke that comes from the burning tobacco leaf in cigarettes
contains many different dangerous materials.(Para.3) contain: vt. have as a part; hold ---This wooden box ~s many tools.
---The report ~s some latest information about education. 5. Lately, though, scientists discovered that ever people…(Para.3) though: ad. however 然而，但是 ---It’s hard work. I enjoyed it, though. ---Be quick, though; we haven’t time to lose.
Note: though作副词可用于句中或句尾，但不能用于句首。 6. …smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted.(Para.3) permit: v.
1) allow sb. to do sth.
---Smoking is not permitted inside the building.
---Students are not permitted to eat foods in the classroom. 2) make sth. possible
---I would tell you more about my personal experience if time permitted.
---Let’s have a picnic at the weekend if weather permits. 7. …live in homes with at least one smoker.(Para.4)
at least:
1) not less than, and probably ---This car will cost at least $2,000.
---There were a hundred girls, at least, in the hall. 2) if nothing else; somehow
---It may not be beautiful but at least it’s not expensive. ---We’re not rich, but at least we’re happy. 8. …lung cancer occurs in the children…(Para.4)
occur: vi. take place; happen
---The more cars flow into the streets, the more car accidents occur. ---They couldn’t say for sure what had occurred. Note: occur to sb.: come into one’s mind
---It occurred to me that she didn’t know our new address. ---It never occurred to John that his wife might be unhappy.
9. …they will be persuaded to stop.(Para.6)
persuade: vt. make sb willing to do sth. by asking, reasoning,
etc.
---At least we can ~ them to support us. ---I can ~ her to come along. iii) Assignments Exercises after the text.
新视野大学英语预备级第一册教案
