课时作业2
Ⅰ 单句语法填空
1．It’s suggested that medicine should not be kept where it is ____________ (access) to children.
答案：accessible
2．A man without a long head would regret ____________ he has done. 答案：what
3．The plan was doomed ____________ failure. 答案：to
4．She bade six hundred dollars ____________ the table last week. 答案：for
5．The goods were damaged during transportation，and ____________ we need to make a claim from the freight company.
答案：therefore
6．The ____________ (entirely)body of a zebra is marked with black and white stripes. 答案：entire
7．They are seeking ____________ (attain) the most advanced technological levels in the world.
答案：to attain
8．I would appreciate ____________ if you would turn the music down. 答案：it
9．They are ____________(courage) animals.They do not even fear to attack lions. 答案：courageous
10．A ____________ (politics) must be able to withstand public criticism. 答案：politician Ⅱ 阅读理解
A
It’s cold and dark outside, and your bed is so warm and comfortable. Going for a run seems like such a bad idea. But before you hide your running shoes, it might be worth giving that crazy idea a go.
According to The Huffington Post, an outdoor run in winter, as opposed to one on a treadmill(跑步机), burns more calories because the body is working hard to regulate(调节) its core temperature. Furthermore, research shows that race times are faster in cold weather than in warmer temperatures—and quicker runs burn more calories. Similarly, cold weather also makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body, making that vital muscle even stronger.
Outdoor exercise also turns up your energy and rids you of the stress and depression that build up every day. The heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster, but cold weather is refreshing. It adjusts you to your surroundings, making you feel alive.
Of course, the threat of smog in some built-up areas is a further hurdle to winter exercise. Heart attacks, strokes, lung cancer and asthma are all dangers of running in smog. The combination of air pollution and exercise increases the potential problems. If you do choose to run outside on smoggy days, take a path in a park or residential area to avoid car exhaust(废气), and go early in the morning, before rush hour. But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了冬季户外跑步的意义和方法。冬季户外跑步能燃烧更多的热量，让肌肉更强健，心脏更健康，但是应当避免在雾霾时进行户外活动。
1．How does cold weather benefit runners, compared with warm weather? A．They can run more slowly. B．They can take in more calories. C．Their hearts can function harder. D．Their body temperature can get lower.
C 解析： 细节理解题。由题干关键词“benefit”和“compared with warm weather”可将答案定位至第二段的最后一句“Similarly...makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body, making that vital muscle even stronger.”可知，与温暖的天气相比，在寒冷的天气里户外跑步能使心脏更健康，故C项正确。
2．How does summer affect runners? A．It builds up their energy quickly. B．It makes runners tired easily. C．It lessens runners’ stress. D．It causes heart attacks.
B 解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“The heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster”可知，夏季的炎热和湿气容易让跑步的人很快就感到疲劳，故B项正确。
3．What are the runners supposed to do on smoggy days? A．Stop driving cars. B．Do more exercise. C．Avoid outdoor exercise.
D．Run late in the morning.
C 解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.”可知，如果有雾霾，最好待在室内，等到天气晴朗时再跑步，故C项正确。
4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Refresh with a Winter Run B．Take Outdoor Exercise in Summer C．Go to Run in a Park
D．Follow the Tips to Reduce Stress
A 解析： 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了冬季早晨户外跑步的意义和方法。冬季跑步能燃烧更多的热量，让肌肉更强健，心脏更健康，但是应当避免在雾霾天气进行户外活动。据此可以判断，A项最能概括文意，故A项正确。
B
Modern humans have a hard time controlling their desire to eat. Often you eat not because you are hungry, but because you are affected by many other things. How much you eat is strongly affected by how much those around you eat. People eating alone eat least. People eating
with one other person eat 35 percent more than they do at home. People dining in a party of four eat 75 percent more. Eating with overweight friends? You’ll eat more. Is your waitress overweight? You’ll eat more. A wide variety of food? You’ll eat more.
Plates can decide how sweet dessert tastes. If people ate it off a paper plate, they’d say, “This is good.” If they ate it off a fancy silver plate, they would say, “This is the greatest cake I’ve eaten in my entire life.”
Your knowledge about what makes food good or bad also affects how much you eat. You tend to eat more when you think the food is good, and less when you think it is bad. So Grandma’s cookies always taste better than other cookies. “Good food” even has a “health halo(光环) effect”. If we’re eating something healthy, we feel that everything in that meal is healthy. Due to this, people often believe that a cheese cake with a salad has fewer calories(卡路里) than the cheese cake alone. That’s perhaps also why eating organic(有机的) food might turn you into an annoying guy. Your brain may use anything that makes you feel good about your own morality to excuse your immoral behaviour.
Food and hunger affect your judgment too. Hungry judges give more serious sentences. Kids
who don’t eat breakfast behave worse than kids who eat their breakfast. People who have low blood sugar are more likely than the average person to have trouble concentrating and controlling their unpleasant emotions.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了哪些因素会导致人们吃得更多。 5．What is mentioned as a cause of overeating? A．Suffering from great loneliness. B．Being served by a helpful waitress. C．Being treated to high quality food. D．Eating with many friends.
D 解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段的“People eating with one other person eat 35 percent more than they do at home.” 可知，和许多朋友一起吃饭是吃得多的一个原因，故D项正确。
6．According to the passage, an annoying person may be one who________． A．finds any excuse for eating more B．is crazy about the quality of plates C．competes with others in making cookies D．teaches people to stick to morality
A 解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容和第三段中的“That’s perhaps also...your immoral behaviour.” 可知，一个让人讨厌的人可能总会找到多吃的借口，故A项正确。
7．According to the passage, people are more likely to make a bad judgment when ________．
A．they don’t feel hungry B．they aren’t overweight C．they have low blood sugar D．they know little about food
C 解析： 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“People who have low blood sugar are more likely than the average person to have trouble concentrating and controlling their unpleasant emotions.” 可知，低血糖的人比常人更难以集中注意力和控制自己的情绪，判断力会更差，故C项正确。
8．What would be the best title for the passage? A．When Can’t We Go on a Diet? B．What Affects Eating? C．How to Make Good Food
D．Where to Find Safe Food
B 解析： 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文的主题句是第一段的第二句“Often you eat not because you are hungry, but because you are affected by many other things.”， 结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍影响吃饭的因素，故B项最能概括文章大意。
Ⅲ 七选五
What is happiness? When you can feel inner peace and satisfaction, you are happy. 1.________ This usually happens when we do something we love or achieve something that we value. It is our opinions that make us feel happy or unhappy. All of us constantly go through various situations or conditions, but we do not have to let them influence our reactions and feelings. 2.________
Try hard to make a change of the way you look at things. 3.________ That means looking at the good and positive side of every situation. Pay attention to solutions, not problems. Listen to relaxing and uplifting music. Watch funny and interesting programs that make you laugh.
Always look at what you have done and not at what you haven’t done. Look at what you can do, not at what you cannot do. Each day do at least one act to make others happy. When you make someone happy, you’ll become happy, and then people will try to make you happy. 4.________ On the contrary, be happy for their happiness. Communicate with happy people and try to learn from them to be happy. Remember, do your best to stay detached(冷静的) when things do not occur as intended and desired. Detachment has much to do with inner peace. 5.________
A．I’ve never regretted it. B．Always look at the bright side. C．Do not envy people who are happy. D．Stop asking for everyone’s approval.
E．Inner peace can lead to happiness, so smile more often. F．Here are a few tips for increasing happiness in daily life. G．It is usually experienced at a special moment.
【解题导语】 本文就如何提高幸福感提出了几条建议。
1．G 解析： 由空后一句可知，幸福感总是在我们做我们喜欢做的事情或者得到我们重视的东西时出现；据此可知，G项“在特定的时刻通常会体验到幸福感”引出下文，故G项正确。
2．F 解析： 根据下文内容可知，下面两段阐述的是提高幸福感的建议，所以选F项，F项起承上启下的作用。
2024-2024学年人教版英语选修九新素养同步练习：Unit 1 Breaking records 3 Unit 1 Section Ⅲ 课时作业
