Instead, a case-by-case analysis might be needed. Last year, he said, a bird association set up a network of breeders(饲养者) among the owners of Bali starling on the island of Java. By introducing a “crowd-breeding” model, it transformed the bird into a species whose price and source of supply were publicly known. This lessened the status of keeping such birds and thereby reduced their profitability to black market suppliers.
Another case was on Nusa Penida, an island southeast of Bali. A Balinese conservation group planned to release starlings on the island. Critics tried to block the plan, saying the island was outside the birds’ native zone. Eventually, the Governor of Bali came up with a proposal. The starlings were given to a local temple as a ceremonial offering before they were released. This gave the Bali starling status as a “sacred bird”, giving them protection under customary laws. Now the released starlings established a breeding population on Nusa Penida.
Dr. Jepson commented, “I do not want to criticize the international approach seeking tighter law enforcement, but this case study shows we should not oversimplify how we respond to the problem of the wildlife trade. There is a growing body of evidence that shows more different approaches are sometimes needed to fit with the local social and political realities. We should tailor solutions on more of a case-by-case basis.”
12. What might speed up the wild Bali starling’s extinction in 2006? A. The bad natural environment. B. The side effect of strict protection laws. C. The debate over the wildlife trade. D. The popularity of the bird in the world. 13. Why was the “crowd-breeding” model introduced? A. To block the strict laws passed by the government. B. To cut off the supply to the black market. C. To make the Bali starling less profitable. D. To increase the demand for the Bali starling. 14. What can we know about the case-by-case analysis? A. It implies there’s more than one way to solve a problem. B. It advocates stricter law enforcement.
C. It has attracted close attention of conservation groups.
D. It is acknowledged as the best solution to illegal wildlife trade. 15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Stricter enforcement is needed for the biodiversity of Indonesia B. The Bali starling comes back to Nusa Penida C. Cutting off the market for the illegal wildlife trade D. Tougher laws to reduce wildlife trade are not enough
（2020·全国III卷，C） 【答案】28-31 BACD
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了在英国，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又甚感孤独，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起，出现了多世同堂的现象。
28.细节理解题。根据第三段“but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.”可知，但Rita在一楼有自己的厨房、浴室、卧室和客厅。由此可知，Rita在布里斯托尔的维多利亚式住宅中占用一楼。故选B项。
29.推理判断题。根据第五段““From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.””可知，尼克对和和岳母合住房子的态度是积极的。故选A项。
30.细节理解题。第六段提到官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从2002年的32.5万户增加到2013年的41.9万户。第七段则说25-34岁的年轻人中有20%和父母住在一起，而1991年这一比例为16%。据估计，英国多代同堂的家庭总数约为180万。由此可知，作者关于多世同堂家庭的论述是基于发布的统计数据。故选C项。
31.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段可知，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又甚感孤独，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。所以短文主要是关于英国该种生活方式的一种上升趋势。故选D项。 （2020·浙江卷7月，C） 【答案】28-30 DBC
【解析】这是一篇说明文。《神经病学》杂志发布的一则研究显示，需要大量的分析能力、计划能力和其他管理技能的有挑战性的工作，有可能会帮助你的大脑随着年龄的增长而保持敏锐。
28.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句（来自德国莱比锡大学的研究人员召集了1000多名75岁以上的退休老人，并通过一系列的测试对他们的记忆力和思维能力进行了评估。）可知，
参考答案 真题在线
科学家让志愿者做测试是为了测试他们的心智能力。故选D项。
29.推理判断题。根据第四段中Francisca Then说的话“This works just like physical exercise”（这就像体育锻炼一样有效）及接下来进一步的解释（长跑后人会感到痛苦和疲惫，但它确Francisca 实能强身健体。工作一天下来会感到劳累，但这也使你的大脑处于健康状态。）可知，Then是通过与身体锻炼作比较来解释他的发现的。故选B项。
30.主旨大意题。第一段是本文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了有挑战性的工作可能会使大脑保持敏捷，所以C项（困难的工作可能有助于大脑保持敏捷）适合作本文标题。故选C项。 （2020·天津卷，D） 【答案】51-55 DDBCC
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了获得成就的两个关键因素：好奇心和不满足。 51.推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者经过多年对人性的观察，认为成就非凡的人和平庸的人的区别在于好奇心和永不满足，而且两者是相辅相成的。由此推知，作者写第一段的目的是提出一个论点。故选D。
52.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why? Why? Why?””可知伽利略的例子告诉我们，伟大来自于持久的探索欲望。故选D。
53.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why? Why? Why?””及第四段中的““The great man,” said Mencius, “is he who does not lose his child’s heart.” Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd.”可知，历史上所有的伟人都有好奇心，比如伽利略。而孟子认为不失去童心的人，就是伟大的人。然而，我们大多数人却失去了它。我们不再问问题，不再挑战习俗，而只是随波逐流。由此可知，你可以通过培养一个善于提问的头脑，找回好奇心和永不满足这两种品质。故选B。
54.推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.”及第七段中的“You haven’t any special ability? Most people don’t; there are only a few geniuses. You haven’t any time? That’s good, because it’s always the people with no time who get things done.”Grandma 以及列举了Thomas Costain在57岁时出版了他的第一部小说，Moses在78岁时展出了她的第一批画作。由此可知，这两段想告诉我们缺乏天赋和时间不是不行动的理由。故选C。
55.主旨大意题。根据第一段内容及下文论述可知，本文主要论述了获得成就的两个关键因 素：好奇心和永不满足。由此可知，C项（有所成的关键）适合做本文最佳标题。故选C。（2019·全国II卷，C） 【答案】28-31 BCDA
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。据一份报告显示，越来越多的美国人喜欢独自用餐，并通过两个实例加以说明，文章总结了人们喜欢独自用餐的原因。
28.推理判断题。根据第二段可知，在美国，约有46%的人们独自用餐，53%的人们独自吃早餐，46%的人们独自吃午餐，只有74%的人们晚餐不是独自享用，故可知本段的数据是关于用餐习惯，故选B。
29.细节理解题。根据第三段“A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. Today, I just wanted some time to myself.”可知，Bechtel一个人吃午饭可以让她逃离老板的注意力，给自己一些自由的时间，故选C。
30.推理判断题。根据第四段“He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he’s on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction.”可知Mazoleny喜欢这样的气氛，因为可以坐在那里，安静地看手机，或者想聊天了，可以直呼吧台服务员名字和他聊天，故可知，他与服务员很熟悉，可以直呼对方名字，故选D。 31.主旨大意题。本文通过一份调查结果显示，很大比例的人选择独自用餐，原因很多，比如逃离工作氛围，或者反思自己，但是独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势，故选A。 提分训练 Passage 1
【答案】1-3 ABA
【解析】本文为应用文。主要叙述了一场以添加地震表情符号为目标的运动。该运动的创始人对此做出了解释，试图说明地震表情是一种通用的语言交流工具，有助于挽救生命。 1.推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies”和第三段中“earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are difficult to measure while they are still occurring.”可推断出这是因为地震来得快，让人来不及反应。故选A项。
2021届高三精准培优专练 阅读理解——主旨大意题(含答案)
