考研英语阅读理解精选试题及答案解析

of steam; and Friday, everybody’s thinking about the weekend. There are reasons why the other days aren’t productive, but what makes Tuesday special

Tuesdays, employees hit peak performance because they are very focused on day-to-day activities. Also, it’s usually the first day of the week when they’re focused on their own task. They’re not in meetings that take them away from their primary responsibilities. Actually, Tuesdays can be quite hectic (full of excitement and without rest). Workers are arriving at work fairly frantic (wildly excited). And so, in 10 hours, they’re doing 20-hour work. That’s productive, but it’s also tough.

This does not mean that nothing happens on the last three days of the workweek. Things do not get so lax that people are sitting with their feet on desks, sipping coffee and talking on the phone all day, but there’s a definite lack of focus. The pace softens and the rhythm slows down. And this is not healthy: it produces fatigue and lowers productivity. To prevent this midweek slowdown, some management consultants suggest that employers avoid jamming so many meetings into Mondays. Work deadlines can be rescheduled to stretch out the workflow. Variations in productivity are only natural, but both workers and bosses win when the peaks and valleys are less dramatic than they are now.

16. According to the poll, which of the following days is most productive ［A］ Thursday.［B］ Friday.［C］ Monday.［D］ Wednesday. 17. The peak productivity day of the week is marked by ［A］ violent excitement and activity. ［B］ due enthusiasm and creativity. ［C］ hurried and disordered movement. ［D］ full concentration and efficiency. 18. The word “lax” in the last paragraph means ［A］ usually negligible.［B］ lacking in control. ［C］ totally distractive.［D］ worthy of relaxing.

19. With respect to the changes in productivity, the text suggests that ［A］ work deadlines can be readjusted. ［B］ they are reasonable and expectable. ［C］ Monday meetings may be called off. ［D］ their differences are to be minimized.

20. The author has explained all of the following EXCEPT

［A］ the steps taken to alter workweek rhythms. ［B］ the productivity on the 6th day of the week. ［C］ the reason why midweek slowdown takes place. ［D］ the concern bosses have about low productivity.

Part B

Directions:You are going to read a list of headings and a text about marketing strategies. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A D F for each numbered paragraph (21 D 25). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

［A］ Which marketing tactic must an entity take ［B］ Quality first, competition second ［C］ Exemplify offensive measures

［D］ Complex factors cause due market analysis ［E］ The motive for proceeds also functions ［F］ Strategy varies with external conditions

There are three general marketing strategies that an organization can adopt. first is an aggressive strategy, characterized by generating a great deal of promotion, varying prices, changing the times and places at which the products/services are offered, differentiating the products/services from those of competing organizations, hiring creative salespersons to promote the products/services, spending lots of money on marketing activities, and so forth.

second general marketing strategy is a minimal one, characterized by doing very little promotion, pricing below market, offering services at traditional places and times, spending very little money on promotion and salespersons, and so forth. The third is a balanced marketing strategy, an in-between strategy that differs from an aggressive strategy and a minimal strategy only in degree. These three strategies are appropriate alternatives for any organization. However, not every organization needs an aggressive strategy, nor does every organization need a balanced strategy or a minimal one. The situation facing each entity is obviously different, calling for an analysis of the factors that dictate which of the three alternative strategies is most suitable for each organization.

first major factor is the nature of the market competition facing the organization. If it is in a monopoly position, with no direct competitors in its market area, then a

minimal marketing strategy is suitable. However, if the organization is in an oligopoly market position, with a few competitors in its market area, then a balanced marketing strategy is called for. If there is a high degree of competition and several competing products/services in its market area, this would suggest an aggressive marketing strategy. Further, if there are many other forms of indirect competition, then the organization should pursue a balanced marketing strategy.

second major factor is the quality of the products/services offered. If the organization has high-quality products/services, a minimal marketing strategy is called for, other factors being equal. If it is in a weak market position with low-quality products/services, a minimal marketing strategy should be pursued. If the products/services are of medium quality, this would suggest a balanced strategy. third major factor is the revenue strategies that the managers may desire to pursue. For example, if the managers want to maximize the organization’s revenues from its products’ services, then the organization should adopt an aggressive marketing strategy. If it wants to minimize revenues, then it should pursue a minimal strategy. However, if it wants to balance its revenues D not maximizing and not minimizing D then a balanced marketing strategy is called for. These factors may be summarized and put into decision model for an administrator to use in deciding which general marketing strategy his/her organization should use. Once the strengths and weaknesses are weighted for each factor, an overall evaluation can be completed, allowing the administrator to arrive at an overall decision D that is ,whether to follow an aggressive, balanced, or minimal general marketing strategy.

Part C

Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10 points)

Not long ago, technology in the home was carved up into well-defined territories: The PC D care of Microsoft, Intel, Dell, and the like D presided over the home office. The television and stereo were king and queen of the living room. These days, though, the digital revolution is shaking up that comfortable ease. (26)With the advent of MP3 music files, personal video recorders, game machines, digital cameras, and a host of other media and services, it’s no longer clear who controls which bit of home floor. And that has set off a battle for dominance in home entertainment. The shake-up covers the technology spectrum. Microsoft Corp. is spending billions on

entertainment initiatives such as its X-box video game comfort. Compaq Computer Corp. and HewlettPackard Co. sell MP3 music players that plug into homestereo systems. Philips Electronics sells a stereo that hooks into a high-speed Internet connection to play music from the Web.

Consumers are getting the message. (27) Sales of many of these devices should take off this year and next: . shipments of MP3 digital music players for listening to songs downloaded from the Net are expected to jump by more than 50% this year, to 7 million units, according to researchers International Data Corp. Sales of personal video recorders, such as TiVo, which let you record TV shows for later viewing, should nearly triple this year in the ., to million units.

Even high-definition television(HDTV) D the durable Next Big Thing D may soon take off. (28) By the end of 2003, nearly 6 million U.S. homes should have HDTV sets, and by yearend, some million American homes are expected to have networks to tie their digital gear together, with strong growth spurred by a new standard for wireless links called WiFi.

Call it the next big wave of technology. (29) After the PC era and the Internet Age, many consumers have grown comfortable with tech: Two-thirds of U.S. homes own PCs today, while 60% have Internet access, according to researchers Gartner Data-quest. To reach the rest of the market, technology companies need to build simpler devices that offer more entertainment. (30) And these new machines need to work together as readily as stereo components do today, and should be nearly as easy to set up and use as a telephone or a television. That is leading to the computerization of technology over the next five to ten years. The future is about MP3 players, digital video, and the like.

参考答案

Part A

Text 1: 1. A2. C3. D4. B5. A Text 2: 6. D7. C8. C9. B10. D Text 3: 11. C12. B13. D14. D15. B Text 4: 16. C17. D18. B19. D20. A

Part B

21. C 22. A 23. F 24. B 25. E

Part C

26. 随着MP3音乐文档、个人录像机、游戏机、数码照相机及许多其它媒体和服务器的问世，究竟谁会占据家庭中的哪块地盘，就很难说了。

27. 今明两年，这些电器中许多产品的销售量会急剧上升，据国际数据公司的研究人员估计，能收听从网上下载歌曲的MP3数码音乐播放机，美国今年出货预计跃升50%以上，达到700万套。

28. 到2003年末，近600万美国家庭拥有高清晰电视机，而到年终，随着称作WiFi 的无线连接新技术标准所激发的迅猛发展，预计约有770万美国家庭用网络系统把他们的数码装置联成一体。

29. 许多消费者在经历过个人电脑时代和互联网时代之后，对新技术业已应付自如；据Gartner数据调查公司的研究人员统计，现在2/3的美国家庭拥有个人电脑，而60%的家庭有互联网接口。

30. 而且，这些新机器需要像现在的立体音响部件那样容易地组合起来运行，同时它们还应该几乎像电话机或电视机一样容易安装和使用。

答案解析Unit 1

Part A Text 1 【文章大意与结构】

本文讨论了幸福感与不幸福感话题。作者第一、二段指出幸福与不幸福实际上并非同一情感的两个方面，它们互为共存，各自增减，两者之间没有多少关系；第三至五段提到，不幸福的遗传禀性可能存在于某些家庭，而幸福感则主要靠后天培养，幸福感是一种主观感受，天生感到不幸福的人也可通过自己的努力增加幸福感。

本文在结构上的显着特点是各段中间均使用转折词“but”或“however”，前半段的叙述作为铺垫，后半段引出作者要表述的观点。 【试题解析】