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新教材精创7.1 Masterpieces 导学案(2)-北师大版高中英语必修第三册

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Unit 7 Art

Lesson 1 Masterpieces 导学案

1. 掌握本课单词及短语

2. 掌握名词性从句(主语从句,宾语从句,标语表语从句)

3. 名词性从句的正确判断以及运用

一、主语从句 1.什么是主语?

主语是执行句子的行为或者动作的主体。 Eg: I like English. 2.什么是主语从句?

在复合句中作主语的从句叫主语从句。 What he wants to tell us is not clear. 3. 主语从句的连接词: (1) 从属连词that,whether

(2)连接代词what,who,which,whatever,whoever (3)连接副词how,when,where,why等词引导。

注意:that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分 例如:It is known to us how he became a writer.

Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 4. 主语从句中连接词的使用: (1)由连词that引导的主语从句:

引导词that无含义,在句中不做成分,不可以省。 例如:That you will win the medal seems unlikely. (2)用连词 whether 引导的主语从句:

whether有含义(是否),在句中不做成分,不可以省。

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例如:Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much. 备注:It doesn’t matter if 是固定句型。

(3)用连接代词引导的主语从句(在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中,其连接代词在句中起名词性作用,担当一定成分,有意义)。 例如:What you need is more practice.

*whatever, whoever, whichever引导的主语从句的区分:

Whatever 相当于anything that , 是 what 的强调形式,表示“无论什么”。 例如:Whatever she does is right.

Whoever相当于anyone who,是who 的强调形式,表示“无论谁,任何…的人”。 例如: Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold.

Whichever“无论哪个,无论哪些”,既可以指人,也可以指物,可以单独使用,可以修饰名词,也可以后跟of短语。

例如:Whichever book you borrow doesn’t matter to us.

(4)用连接副词when, where, why, how引导的主语从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。 例如:Where we should leave it is a problem. When they will come hasn’t been made pubic.

(5)有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末,但是不能代替由what引导的主语从句。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下:

1. It + be + 名词 + that从句 2.It + be + 形容词 + that从句 3.It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句 4.It + 不及物动词 + that 从句

注意:在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”,常用的句型有:

It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that…

It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that… 二 表语从句 1.什么是表语?

用在系动词后,表明主语的年龄,身份,状态,特征等的句子成分。

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例如:I am a student. It looks beautiful. 2. 什么是表语从句?

在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。

例如:It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. The trouble is that I have lost his address.

3.表语从句的连接词:引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有:be, look, remain, seem等。注意:关联词不能省略,并且从句用陈述语序。 例如:The fact is that we have lost the game.

That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.

注意: 当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导而不是because。但是reason 后面的定语从句可以用why 或that引导。

例如:The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning 三 宾语从句 1.什么是宾语?

宾语是动作的对象或承受者。 例如:He speaks English 2什么是宾语从句?

在复合句中做宾语的句子叫宾语从句 1. 宾语从句的连接词: (1)that引导的宾语从句: He thinks(that)Lucy likes school.

注意:当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词,而宾语从句意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。

that 常可省略,但在以下情况中that不能省略 1. 当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,that不可省。 E.g:I can’t tell him that his mother died.

2. 许多带复合宾语的句子,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部, 而用it作形式宾语

E.g:I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.

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3. 在介词except(只不过;只是)后,that不可省略。

E.g:I know nothing about our new teacher except that he is an American. (2)If/whether引导的宾语从句。If/whether在句中表示“是否”。

He asked if/whether Lucy was late again. 只能用whether,不能用if引导的宾语从句

①与or not 连用whether.口语中whether…or not=if…or not,但 whether还可直接和or not 连用,而if 则不能.

Let me know whether /if he will come or not. =Let me know whether or not he will come.

②在(talk abut、think about、depend on)介词之后用whether如: I’m interested in whether he likes English. ③在不定式前用whether。如:

He hasn’t decided whether to visit the old man.

④置于句首时用whether引导主语从句时,不能换用if.如: Whether this is true or not,I can't say. 这是否真的,我不能说。 ⑤若用若用if会引起歧义时,则只用whether.如: Please let me know if you like the book.有两含义: A. 请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书 B. 如果你喜欢这本书,请告诉我。

⑥在doubt/discuss/put/leave/choose/consider等动词后,只用whether The boys discuss whether they can finish homework. 3连接代词引导的宾语从句:

1.who/whom/whose/which/what在句中充当主语、宾语、定语或者表语。 The book will show you what the best CEO should know.

4连接副词引导的宾语从句:when/where/why/how,在句中充当状语。

He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 注意:宾语从句时态的用法。

口诀:主现从随便,主过从也过,真理用一现。

当主句为一般现在时,从句时态不做限制。(需要性原则)。

当主句为一般过去时,从句时态应于主句运用相应的过去的某种事态。

宾语从句中表示的是客观真理、普遍事实、科学原理、自然现象等,不受主句限制,仍用一般现在

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时。

1. The question is ___________ the film is worth seeing. 2. Do you doubt ________ I believe you ?

3. This museum is not _______ it was ten years ago. 4. The reason for his success is ________ he works hard.

5.She dresses well, but the trouble is ______ the clothes she is wearing don’t go with each other very well.

6. It depends on _______ we have enough time.

7. I’d appreciate it ______ you carry out the experiment as directed. 8. You have no idea _________ anxious I have been for her safety. 9. Now we can see __________ a serious problem the population is.

10. I want to buy some stamps. Can you tell me _______ there’s a post office near here?

英汉互译:

1.杰作;代表作 n: __________________ 2.人像;数字:n: __________________ 3.精神上;心理上adv: __________________ 4.药物;药材:n: __________________ 5.斑点;点;污渍n: __________________ 6.失败的事;失败:n: __________________ 7.惊人的;显著的 adj: __________________ 8.观看者:n: __________________ 9.导致;引起;使发生vt. __________________ 10.景色:n __________________ 11.视觉的;视力的adj __________________ 12.反应:n: __________________ 13.starry:adj: __________________ 14.empire:n: __________________ 15.mysterious:adj: __________________

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16.burning:adj: __________________ 【答案】:小试牛刀

1. whether 2. that 3. what. 4. that. 5. that 6. whether7. if 8. how. 9. what. 10. whether 自我检测:英汉互译:

1.masterpiece 2.figure 3.mentally 4.drug 5.spot 6.failure 7.striking 8. viewer 9.cause 10.scene 11.visual 12.reaction 13.布满星星的14.帝国,大企业15.神秘的;难以解释的16,.燃烧着的

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新教材精创7.1 Masterpieces 导学案(2)-北师大版高中英语必修第三册

Unit7ArtLesson1Masterpieces导学案1.掌握本课单词及短语2.掌握名词性从句(主语从句,宾语从句,标语表语从句)3.名词性从句的正确判断以及运用一、主语从句1.什么是主语?主语是执行句子的行为或者动作的主体。
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