（1）细节理解题。根据We need new words for inventions and new ideas. Different words come into use, or older words are used in a new way.可知此处说的是语言在不断改变。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据Tomato was borrowed from Mexico. The word coffee came from Turkey, and tea came from China. Now new space and science words are being borrowed from other countries, too.可知很多词是从其它语言借来的。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据 Strawberry, popcorn, and grandfather are words made up of two parts.可知很多词是由两部分构成的。故选E。
（4）细节理解题。根据Smog was made by swing only the first two letters from the words smoke and fog.可知有些词是有两个词的前半部分构成的。故选C。
（5）细节理解题。根据Our sandwich was named after a man named Sandwich. Scotch Tape, Band-aid, and Jell were names made up by the companies that first made the products.可知一些单词是有一个人的物或人名构成的。故选F。
【点评】此题考查任务型阅读理解。从问题中找到关键词。以关键词为线索，运用落单和查读等技巧在文中迅速寻找这这一细节有关的信息。在准确理解信息的前提下，最后确定答案。
10．（A）信息归纳: 阅读下面短文,并根据短文内容完成下面的信息卡
To protect the environment, China has put a ban（禁令） on thin plastic bag （plastic bag thinner than 0.025 mm）. From June 1,2008, China stopped the production, sale and use of these plastic bags to the public.
Plastic bags can cause \They pollute the soil（土壤） and water. Plastic bags also cause a serious danger to animals. Animals often mistake plastic bags for food. Thousands of them die each year after eating plastic bags.
So what kind of bags will be the best to use when we are shopping? Recently some students made their own shopping bags. Most students used old clothes to make their bags. They painted pictures like the Olympic rings on them. But Li Mei had a more traditional way to make her hag. She weaved（编织） a bamboo（竹子） basket. It was not an easy job. With her grandfather's help, Li Mei spent the whole afternoon making it.
What can we do? Use environmentally friendly （环保的） shopping bags instead of plastic ones and try to recycle the ones we have. Information Card
The time when China stopped the production, sale and use of these plastic bags to ________. the public The reason why plastic bags can cause \ The way that Li Mei made her hag The person who helped Li Mei make her bag The writer`s suggestion ________. ________. ________. ________. 【答案】From June 1,2008；Because they can take 400-1,000 years to break down.；She weaved a bamboo basket.；Her grandfather；Using environmentally friendly （环保的） shopping bags instead of plastic ones and try to recycle the ones we have.
【解析】【分析】本文是和环保有关的一篇短文。为了保护环境,从2008年6月1日起，中国停止生产、销售和使用这些塑料袋给公众。
塑料袋会造成“白色污染”，因为它们可能需要400到1000年才能分解。他们污染了土壤和水。塑料袋也会对动物造成严重的危害。动物常把塑料袋误认为食物。每年有成千上万的人死于吃塑料袋。为了保护环境，我们可以使用环保购物袋代替塑料袋,或者尽量用我们有的可以再利用的塑料袋。
（1）细节理解题。根据短文中句子From June 1,2008, China stopped the production, sale and use of these plastic bags to the public.可知从2008年6月1日起，中国停止生产、销售和使用这些塑料袋给公众。故答案为From June 1,2008。
（2）细节理解题。根据短文中的句子Plastic bags can cause \pollution\because they can take 400-1,000 years to break down. 可知塑料袋会造成“白色污染”，因为它们可能需要400到1000年才能分解。故答案为Because they can take 400-1,000 years to break down. （3）细节理解题。根据短文中句子But Li Mei had a more traditional way to make her hag. She weaved（编织） a bamboo（竹子） basket. 可知李梅有一种更传统的方法来做她的袋子。她编了一个竹篮。故答案为She weaved a bamboo basket.
（4）细节理解题。根据短文中的句子With her grandfather's help, Li Mei spent the whole afternoon making it.可知她是在她爷爷的帮助下做的。故答案为Her grandfather。 （5）细节理解题。根据短文中句子What can we do? Use environmentally friendly （环保的） shopping bags instead of plastic ones and try to recycle the ones we have.可知我们可以使用环保购物袋代替塑料袋,或者尽量用我们有的可以再利用的塑料袋。故答案为Using environmentally friendly shopping bags instead of plastic ones and try to recycle the ones we have.
【点评】考查任务型阅读。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．其次，细读题材，各个击破．掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
二、中考英语完形填空汇编
11．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Finally, after nearly half a month, the Christmas letter was here in my hand. Yes, writing letters is how my friend in the U.S. and I 1 our greetings every Christmas. People ask why not send our greetings on Facebook, or on WeChat 2 , and by the way, it'll save money. For me, writing letters is more of a 3 habit than a quirk （怪癖） in modern times I, an experienced letter writer. can tell you that writing letters brings me more emotional（情感的） communication.
In fact, only parts of our emotions can be found. Some 4 in California State University found that electronic devices, like smart phones, can greatly influence people in many ways. Such
devices prevent people from 5 their inner （内心的） feelings. Compared with modern communication, writing letters has more advantages. 6 we write, our brain is given the chance to discover connections between things we didn't see before. And we are 7 to show our emotions fully.
If I am here to tell you why I love writing letters, one of the 8 would be its sense of touch-feeling of my hand running through the pages, feeling of pen sliding across the paper, and feeling of the 9 of ink （墨水） in the air.
It 10 that both your words and the letter itself can help you express your feelings. Letters build a bridge between the writer and receiver. People experience more when they receive messages in the: form of a letter, rather than any other media. 1. A. introduce 2. A. completely 3. A. natural 4. A. composers 5. A. discovering 6. A. When 8. A. customs 9. A. colour 10. A. gives out C；（10）D；
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是在现代社会作者喜欢写信和朋友交流而不使用电子设备，他认为电子设备在很多方面会影响人们，它们会阻止人们表达内心的感情。而写信有更多的优点。我们能把我们所有的情绪充分表达出来。当人们收到书信形式的信息而不是其它媒体的信息时，会体验更多。
（1）句意：是的，写信是我和美国的朋友每年圣诞节交换问候的方式。根据前文的the Christmas letter was here in my hand知道我和朋友每年圣诞节都相互问候。A. 介绍；B. 交换；C. 描述；D. 重复。故选B。
（2）句意： 为什么不用脸书，或简单地用微信来互致问候。根据常识可知使用微信可直接视频非常简单，可知此处是方便，简单的意思。A. 完整的；B. 最近的；C. 简便的；D.确切的。故选C。
（3）句意：对我来说写信更多的是一种自然习惯而不是现在时代的怪癖。 在现代信息社会写信可能是一个怪癖，但对于作者更是一个自然的习惯。 A. 自然的；B. 无聊的；C. 疯狂的；D. 国民的。
（4）句意：加利福尼亚州大学的一些教授发现像智能手机这样的电子设备在很多方面会影响人。根据 in California State University 可知是来自大学的一些教授。A. 作曲家；B. 参观者；C. 发明家；D. 教授。故选D。
（5）句意：这样的设备会阻止人们扩散自己内心的感情。根据后面的our brain is given the
B. exchange C. describe D. repeat B. recently B. boring B. visitors B. shaking B. Before B. reasons B. quality
C. simply C. crazy
D. exactly D. national
C. inventors D. professors C. spreading D. refusing C. Till
D. Though D. forced D. price
7. A. recommended B. encouraged C. invited
C. smell
C. challenges D. achievements
B. breaks out C. comes out D. turns out
【答案】 （1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）D；（5）C；（6）A；（7）D；（8）B；（9）
chance to discover connections between things we didn't see before.我们的大脑被给予我们机会发现我们只之前看不见的东西，所以像这种装置会抑制人们发现他们内心的想法。A. 发现；B. 摇摆；C. 传播，扩散；D. 拒绝。故选C。
（6）句意：和现代交流相比较，写信有更多的优点。当我们写信时我们的大脑被给予我们机会发现我们只之前看不见的东西。此处指我们写信时大脑会激发这些东西，A. 当……时候；B. 之前；C. 直到；D. 虽然。故选A。
（7）句意：我们被迫充分表达我们的感情。此处指在大脑的激发下很多情感涌出，我们不得不表达出来。A. 推荐；B. 鼓励；C. 邀请；D. 不得已，被迫，故选D。
（8）句意：如果我在这里告诉你我为什么喜欢写信，其中一个原因是手在纸上快速移动的感觉。根据 I love writing letters，可知此处写的是我喜欢写信的原因。 A. 习俗；B. 原因；C. 挑战；D. 成就。故选B。
（9）句意： 笔在纸上滑动的感觉和墨水在空气中散发的的气味的感觉。我们知道用钢笔写字时墨水会发出某种气味，可知道作者喜欢闻墨香。A. 颜色；B. 质量；C. 气味；D. 价格。故选C。
（10）句意：结果证明你的字和信本身帮助你表达你的感情。 前文作者都在写写信的好处，这一段是总结前文。可知结果是怎样的。 A. 分发；B.爆发；C. 出现；D. 结果是。故选D。
【点评】此题考查完形填空。跳过空格阅读短文，了解短文的要旨。推测出文章的主题和大意。把握文章大意后，认真反复阅读短文，利用上下文的联系和结合所学过的知识，确定空格处所需要词的意义。判断在句中所充当的成分，根据词语搭配和语法知识，判断所填词的正确形式，选出问题的正确答案。最后通读短文，进行核查。
12．根据短文内容，从各题所给的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。
When I was a little child, I felt unhappy. I was really 1 other kids. I couldn't change no matter what I did.
There is something wrong with my 2 . I can't see things around me clearly. When my classmates play games happily outside, I have to stay at home and look out of the window alone. For a long tune, I felt hopeless. 3 my mother always said, \（珍贵的） baby in our family,\
I asked God, \course, there was no 5 .
I turned to books for help. Books are my only friends. When I am sad and upset, they 6 ; when I feel happy and excited, they 7 my feelings. They can take me to another world, there I can see everything clearly and tree my heart through joy.
I began to write down my thoughts and keep them as a 8 . And nobody knew it. When I studied at a middle school, I had a good teacher. He read all of my poems and said, \He always 9 me in class. He kept helping me. Now I am full of energy and confidence （自信）. I can do things like other kids. So please believe in 10 . Everyone is unique （独—无二的）. 1. A. similar to
B. hard on
C. different from D. friendly to
2. A. eyes 3. A. If 4. A. Where 5. A. reply 7. A. hurt 8. A. method 9. A. warned 10. A. myself B；（10）B；
B. ears B. Because B. Which B. report B. share B. notice B. praised B. yourself
C. legs C. Unless C. Why C. record C. repeat C. task C. educated C. himself
D. arms D. Although D. Who D. research D. pick them up D. develop D. secret D. punished D. herself
6. A. cheer me up B. dress me up C. call me up
【答案】 （1）C；（2）A；（3）D；（4）C；（5）A；（6）A；（7）B；（8）D；（9）【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者有眼疾，但是通过努力后来越来越自信。
（1）句意：我和其他的孩子不同。A与......相同，B在某方面困难，C与......不同，D对......好，根据 Everyone is unique每个人都是独—无二的可知是与众不同 ，故选C。 （2）句意： 我的眼睛有问题。A眼睛，B耳朵，C腿，D胳膊，根据 I can't see things 可知看不清是眼睛有问题，故选A。
（3）句意： 我妈妈总是说，你是我们家最珍贵的宝贝。根据 I felt hopeless 和 You are the precious可知此处是让步关系，故用although引导让步状语从句，尽管 ， 故选D。 （4）句意： 当你给我生命的时候，你为什么给了我一双无用的眼睛？根据 asked可知是问为什么，作者觉得不公平 ，故选C。
（5）句意： 当然，没有回答。A回复，B报告，C记录，D调查，根据 I asked God可知上帝是不能回答的 ， 故选A。
（6）句意： 当我悲伤难过时，他们让我振作；当我感到快乐和兴奋时，他们会分享我的感受。A让我振作，B给我穿衣服，C给我打电话，D拾起它们，根据 my heart through joy 可知喜悦使人振作，故选A。
（7）句意：他们让我振作；当我感到快乐和兴奋时，他们会分享我的感受。A伤害，B分享，C重复，D发展，根据 friends可知可以分享的是朋友 ， 故选B。
（8）句意： 我开始写下我的想法，并把它们作为一个。A方法，B通知，C任务，D秘密，根据 nobody knew it，没人知道的是秘密 ， 故选D。
（9）句意： 他总是在班上表扬我。A禁告，B表扬，C教育，D惩罚，根据 full of energy and confidence，可知表扬使人自信 ， 故选B。
（10）句意： 所以请相信自己。believe in yourself，固定搭配，自信 ， 故选B。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。
13．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳等案，使短文连贯完整。
John was a manager in a factory. He enjoyed running for exercise around the park when he was
译林版中考英语中考英语总复习 任务型阅读专题剖析与专题同步训练(含答案)
