新概念2Lesson 30-31

Lesson 30

★cut

v. 穿过

① vt. &vi. 切，割，剪

Football or polo?

Would you please cut the cake in half? 你能把蛋糕切成两半吗？ I read this story in the paper this morning and cut it out for you. 今天上午我在报纸上读到这个故事便给你剪下来了。 cut one's hair = have a hair cut

cut off electricity

理发 cut the head off 砍脑袋 (off = away from)

砍倒树

cut the tree 砍树 cut down the tree = cut the tree down

切断电源 cut sth. into pieces

把……切成小片(碎)

cut in（1）插嘴，打断：“But that’s ridiculous，”cut in Jack.杰克插话道：“可是那太荒唐了。” （2）超车抢挡：That man cut in right in front of me.那个人竟紧贴着我前面超车抢道。 cut out （1）切去，删去： You cut out unimportant details.你可以把不重要的细节删去。

（2）戒除，停止服用：If you cut out the drink you’ll feel much healthier.你要是戒掉酒的话身体会好很多。 ② vt. 割破，划破 cut oneself

cut across/through cut a corner走捷径，超近路

When you learn English, never cut a corner.当你学英语的时候，永远不要走捷径。 No pains, no gains.不劳无获；付出才有回报。

补充： 1.(1)get through

直着穿过

割伤自己 the cut in one’s finger 手指上的伤口

③ vi. 横穿，穿越（介词用 across/through）

The road cuts across/through the forest 这条路从森林里穿过

捱过，通过 或能解释成通过考试的意思

通过某地时，通常只能行走的路径很窄，仅容下通过之物

(2)get through to sb 使某人理解

It's been a challenge to get through to people that these are not shares in the new

company 迄今的挑战在于让人们明白，汽车清算公司的股票并非新通用汽车公司的股票。

(3)get through还有完成工作、测验合格、接通电话的意思 2.(1)get across 通过桥或森林 (2)get across 还有使被理解的意思

I couldn't get my point across in the debate. 在辩论中我无法清楚地表明自己的观点。 He found it difficult to get his idea across to them. 他发现他难以使他们了解他的想法

★row

v. 划(船) n.排 What row are you in？你在第几排？

① vt.& vi. 划船 My brother is rowing. go boating ② vt. 划船载运

Can you row me up/across the river? He rowed her home. ★kick kick me

v. 踢 踢我一脚

你能划船将我送到河的上游/对岸吗？

他划船把她送回家。 划船 （row 强调动作） 去划船（强调玩）

kickback

kick upstairs

n.回扣,佣金 I get a kickback of 2000 Yuan. 我得到一个2000元的回扣。

明升暗降 He was kicked upstairs.他名升实降被置之闲地。

做得不错 well to go (美语) = well done (英语) ★call 大声喊，打电话，召唤 Call a spade a spade（锹，铲子）直言不讳。 Call back 回电话 Call in ①叫···进来，召来： We had no hesitation in calling the police in.我们毫不犹豫地叫来了警察。（我们立马报了警） ② 收回：The library called in all overdue books.图书馆要求把所有逾期未还的书收回。 Call off 取消They’ve decided it would be best to call the wedding off.他们决定最好将婚礼取消。 Call out大声叫喊；出动The fireman have been called out to put out the fire.消防员已出动去灭火 ★sight n. 眼界, 视域 at/on sight 一见（就）：Mary dislikes him on sight.玛丽第一眼见到他就不喜欢他。 catch sight of…

看见

眼不见心不烦

在视线之外

catch sight of the bird =see the bird 看见那只鸟 Out of sight, out of mind. in sight

在视线之内 out of sight

The bird is in sight. 鸟在视线范围内。 long sighted

眼光长远, 远视眼 sb. is long sighted某人目光长远

short sighted 目光短浅, 近视 【课文讲解】 1、I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons.

like to do sth. 喜欢……（一次性的） I like to drink tea.我喜欢喝茶 like doing sth.

喜欢……（习惯性的） I like drinking water.我喜欢喝白开水。

on fine afternoons 每逢下午 in the afternoon 在下午 2、It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual. as usual

和往常一样

3、Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them.

call out 大声呼叫，叫喊 I heard someone calling out for help 我听到有人大声叫救命 call ou

t to sb.对……大声喊

Mary called out to her father, but he was too far away and couldn’t hear her. 玛丽大声叫她的父亲，但是他太远了没有听到。

4、The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.

so…that… 如此……以致于……

The teacher speaks so fast that I can't catch the word. 老师说的太快了以至于我听不清他的话。

My brother walks so slowly that he can't catch up with me. (赶不上) 我弟弟走得太慢了以至于他赶不上我。 The English is so easy that I can learn it well.

英语太简单了我能学好它。

5、I turned to look at the children, but there weren't any in sight: they had all run away!

in sight 看得见，在视野之内（反义词为 out of sight） No bus is in sight.看不见公交车。 【Summary writing 】

4.The man in the boat neither saw the ball nor heard people shouting. 6.However,the man was not angry and he threw the ball back to the bank.

but 连接两个句子, 中间可用逗号隔开；however 只是副词, 只表示意思上得转折, 它可以放在句首也可 以放在句中, 只是用一个逗号把它和其他的词隔开就可以 【Key structures】

The, Some and Any

some 不用于否定句，any 通常用于否定句和疑问句，some 在表示邀请的语气中或在疑问句中如果所期 望的回答是肯定的，可以取代 any

Do you want some? / Would you want something? Do you want any drink?

你想要喝点什么吗?(不愿意给别人喝)

Would you want some to drink?

在姓名、地名、国名（非复合词）前面通常不加任何冠词。但在特指的海洋、河流、山脉以及部分复 合词形式的国名前，一定要用定冠词 the；在表示世界上独一无二的东西时，通常要加定冠词 the.

It can get very rough in the Mediterranean. 地中海中可能会非常不平静.

Many great cities are built on rivers. Paris is on the Seine, London is on the Thames and Rome is on the Tiber. 许多大城市都建在河岸上. 巴黎在塞纳河上, 伦敦在泰晤士河上, 罗马在第伯尔河上.

I know a man who has been on climbing expeditions in many parts of the world. He has climbed in the Alps, the Himalayas, and the Rocky Mountains.

我认识一个参加过世界各地登山探险的人. 他曾攀登过阿尔卑斯山、喜马拉雅山和洛矶山. 在 such 后面用 a/an，可以起强调作用 I’ve never seen such a strong wind before. Exercises D (在必要的地方填上冠词 a 或 the)

1 ______ refrigerators are necessary in ______ hot countries.

2 Which river is ______ longest, ______ Nile, ______ Amazon, or ______ Mississippi? 3 Heyerdahl crossed ______ Pacific on ______ raft.

4 Why is ______ Britain sometimes called ______ United Kingdom? 5 We sailed up ______ Red Sea and then went through ______ Suez Canal.

1.不填 in hot countries: 指的是炎热的那类国家, 故不用 the

2. the，the，the，the Nile 尼罗河 ； Amazon 亚马逊河 ； Missisippi 密西西比河 3.the，a the Atlantic 大西洋 raft

n. 木筏子（如用 by，则不用加任何修饰 by raft，用“on，in”一般都要加“the，a/an”，这里

指的是这一类，没特指，故加“a”）

4. \\，the 如果以单个的词作为国家, 基本上不加 the,比方说 China,America,Britain,一旦这个词成为缩略形式, 前面就要加 the，如：the USA

5.the，the 横渡海峡用“across”；和运河相连介词用 through，不用 “across”

Lesson 31

★retire

v. 退休

retire =stop working =stop doing this He is getting old, He is going to retire.

Success story

他越来越老, 他打算退休了

I'm going to retire next year. 我明年会退休。 I'm so tired that I'm going to retire now. (retire = go to bed)我太累了，我要睡觉了。 ★company n. 公司 firm n. 商行

corporation n. 责任公司 limited corporation

有限责任公司（缩略形式：Ltd.Co）

他在我的公司工作

business n. 生意，公司 He works in my business. ★save vt. 积蓄 ① vt. 挽救，救助，拯救 save one's face The doctor saved the child’s life. 医生救活了孩子。

They saved the child from the fire. 他们从火里救出了孩子。

② vt. 积蓄，储蓄 He used to save letters. 他过去经常保存信件。 save money 存钱

He saved (money) for years to buy a car.他存了好几年的钱来买车。 西方人不喜欢提钱, 所以用 save up 表示存钱 I have saved up for many years.

我已经存了好几年的钱。

Save it for a rainy day. 未雨绸缪, 为将来需要而做好准备 ★employ v. 雇佣 employee

n. 雇员 ； employer n. 雇主

trainee n. 接受训练的人； trainer n. 教练 【课文讲解】

1、Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. head

John is the head of the famil y. Frank is the head of the firm. My teacher used to live there. He lived there. work…as…

一家之主

弗兰克是那家公司的总裁。 我的老师过去住在那(现在不住了) 他过去住在那(不知道现在是否住在那)

挽回面子 save one's life救某人的命

used to do sth. 过去常常, 但是现在不做

作为……工作

He used to work as a teacher.他过去是老师。 as a boy = as he was a boy

（as 的意思是“当……的时候”）

as a young man 当他年轻的时候

2、He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own.

of one's own 自己的，属于自己的（own 为代词） Do you have a house of your own?你有自己的房子吗？ my own book (own 起强调作用, 自己的)

用 of one's own或 one's own 由被修饰词的位置决定, 如果被修饰名词在前边, 用 of one's own, 如果被

修饰名词在后边, 用 one's own 是“3、In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. 首in one's -ies 领在某人几十岁的时候

in one's twenties/thirties/forties/fifties/nineties，十的倍数的复数形式可用于表达近似的、非确定的数量， in my fifties

在我五十多岁的时候 、与所有格形容词连用时表示大约的年龄。 头目In his fifties, he learned the second language在他五十几岁的时候，他学习了第二门语言

”

的“the head of+名词”的意思是“……的老板，头”