2019年6月大学英语四级真题及参考答案(第三套)来源：好老师专转本PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanewsreporttoyourcampusnewspaperonavisittoaHopeelementaryschoolorganizedbyyourStudentUnion..Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.【参考范文】stOnthemorningofJune1，agroupofvolunteersfromouruniversity’sStudentUnionpaidavisittoaHopePrimarySchooltohelpthechildrentherehaveahappyChildren’sDay.Wearrivedatthisschoolatnineinthemorningandthechildrenwelcomeduswarmly.Thisvolunteeractivitymainlyincludethreeparts.Inthefirstplace,weintroducedourselvesbriefly,whichhelpedustoknoweachotherbetter.Additionally,weorganizedsomerecreationalactivities.Forexample,ourtalentedvolunteerstaughtthosechildrentodanceandsing.Intheend,wegavethestationerypreparedinadvancetotheselovelychildren.Thisvolunteeractivitywasreallyimpressive.Itgaveusanopportunitytoexperienceadifferentlifeandwewerereallymovedbythechildren’senthusiasm.【参考译文】6月1日上午，我校学生会的部分志愿者参观'了一所希望［行的目的是帮助那里的孩子们过一个快乐的儿童节6我们早上九点钟到达该希望小学，孩子tl热情地欢迎我俞的到来。本次志愿者活动主要分为三部分。首先，我们都做了简单_我务绍，以便太家能更好地了解彼此。此外，我们组织了一些娱乐活动。例如，我彳多才多艺的志愿者们教这些孩子唱歌、跳舞。最后，我们把事先准备好的文具送给了爱的璲fjy这次志愿者活动真的让人印象深刻。它让门有机会去体验不同的生活，孩子们的热情也深深地感动了我以上就是文都教育四六级辅导老彳#对2019年6月第二套四级写作提供的参考范文和译文，希望对i有所帮助。最后要对大家说的是，这次考试发挥比较好的同学还要再接再厉，没考好的同+学也请不要灰心待大家来日都能取得更为理想的成绩。PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)说明：由于2019年6月四级考试全国共考了2套听力，本套真题听力与前2套内容完全一样，只是顺序不一样，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Justbecausetheycan’tsingoperaorrideabicycledoesn’tmeanthatanimalsdon’thaveculture.There’snobetterexampleofthisthankillerwhales.Asoneofthemost—26—predators(食肉动物)，killerwhalesmaynotfitthe—27—ofaculturedcreature.However,thesebeastsoftheseadodisplayavastrangeofhighly_28_behaviorsthatappeartobedrivingtheirgeneticdevelopment.Theword“culture”comesfromtheLatin“colere，”which—29—means“tocultivate.”Inotherwords,itreferstoanythingthatis_30_orlearnt,ratherthaninstinctiveornatural.Amonghumanpopulations,culturenotonlyaffectsthewaywelive,butalsowritesitselfintoourgenes,affectingwhoweare.Forinstance,havingspentmanygenerationshuntingthefatmarinemammalsoftheArctic,theEskimosofGreenlandhavedevelopedcertaingenetic—31—thathelpthemdigestandutilizethisfat-richdiet,therebyallowingthemto—32—intheircoldclimate.Likehumans,killerwhaleshavecolonizedarangeofdifferent—33—acrosstheglobe,occupyingeveryoceanbasinontheplanet,withanempirethat—34—frompoletopole.Assuch,differentpopulationsofkillerwhaleshavehadtolearndifferenthuntingtechniquesinordertogaintheupperhandovertheirlocalprey(猎物).This,inturn,hasamajoreffectontheirdiet,leadingscientiststo—35—thattheabilitytolearnpopulation-specifichuntingmethodscouldbedrivingtheanimals’geneticdevelopment.A)acquiredB)adaptationsC)brutalD)deliberatelyE)expressedF)extendsG)habitatsH)humbleI)imageJ)litereallyK)refinedL)revolves/M)speculateN)structureO)thrive26-30CIKJA31-35BOGFMSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoeachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Livingwithparentsedgesoutotherlivingarrangementsfor18-to34-year-oldsA)Broaddemographic(人口的)shiftsismaritalstatus,educationalattainmentandemploymenthavetransformedthewayyoungadultsintheU.S.areliving,andanewPewResearchCenteranalysishighlightstheimplicationsofthesechangesforthemostbasicelementoftheirlives—wheretheycallhome.In2014,forthefirsttimeinmorethan130years,adultsages18to34wereslightlymorelikelytobelivingintheirparents’homethantheyweretobelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold.B)ThisturnofeventsisfueledprimarilybythedramaticdropintheshareofyoungAmericanswhoarechoosingtosettledownromanticallybeforeage35.Datingbackto1880,themostcommonlivingarrangementamongyoungadultshasbeenlivingwitharomanticpartner,whetheraspouseorasignificantother.ThistypeofarrangementpeakedaroundI960,when62%ofthenation’s18-to34-year-oldswerelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold,andonlyone-in-fivewerelivingwiththeirparents.C)By2014,31.6%ofyoungadultswerelivingwithaspouseorpartnerintheirownhousehold,belowthesharelivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s)(32.1%).Some14%ofyoungadultslivedalone,wereasingleparentorlivedwithoneormoreroommates.Theremaining22%livedinthehomeofanotherfamilymember(suchasagrandparent,in-laworsibling(兄弟姐妹))，anon-relative,oringroupquarterslikecollegedormitories.D)It’sworthnotingthattheoverallshareofyoungadultslivingwiththeirparentswasnotatarecordhighin2014.Thisarrangementpeakedaround1940,whenabout35%ofthenation’s18-to34-year-oldslivedwithmomand/ordad(comparedwith32%in2014).Whathaschanged,instead,istherelativeshareadoptingdifferentwaysoflivinginearlyadulthood,withthedeclineofromanticcouplingpushinglivingathometothetopofamuchlessuniformlistoflivingarrangements.Amongyoungadults,livingarrangementsdiffersignificantlybygender.Formenages18to34,livingathomewithmomand/ordadhasbeenthedominantlivingarrangementsince2009,In2014,28%ofyoungmenwerelivingwithaspouseofpartnerintheirownhome,while35%werelivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s).Youngwomen,however,arestillmorelikelytobelivingwithaspouseofromanticpartner(35%)thantheyaretobelivingwiththeirparent(s)(29%).F)In2014，moreyoungwomen(16%)thanyoungmen(13%)wereheadingupahouseholdwithoutaspouseorparther.Thisismainlybecausewomenaremorelikelythanmentobesigleparentslivingwiththeirchildren.Fortheirpart,youngmen(25%)aremorelikelythanyoungwomen(19%)tobelivinginthehomeofanotherfamilymember,anon-relativeorinsometypeofgroupquarters.G)Avarietyoffactorscontributetothelong-runincreaseintheshareofyoung.Adultslivingwiththeparents.Thefirstinthepostponementof,ifnotretreatfrom,marriage.Theaverageageoffirstmarriagehasrisensteadilyfordecades.Inaddition,agrowingshareofyoungadultmaybeavoidingmarriagealtogether.ApreviousPewResearchCenteranalysisprojectedthatasmanyasone-in-fouroftoday’syoungadultmaynevermarry.Whilecohabitation(同居)hasbeenontherise,theoverallshareofyoungadultseithermarriedorlivingwithanunmarriedpatnerhassubstantiallyfallensince1990.H)Inaddition,trendsinbothemploymentstatusandwageshavelikelycontributedtothegrowingshareofyoungadultswhoarelivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s),andthisisespeciallytrueofyoungmen.Employedyoungmenaremuchlesslikelytoliveathomethanyoungmenwithoutajob,andemploymentamongyoungmenhasfallensignificantlyinrecentdecades.Theshareofyoungmenwithjobspeakedaround1960at84%.In2014,only71%of18-to-34-year-oldmenwereemployed.Similarlywithearnings,youngmen’swages(afteradjustingforinflation)havebeenonadownwardtrajectory(轨迹)since1970andfellsignificantlyform2000to2010.Aswageshavefallen,theshareofyoungmenlivinginthehomeoftheirparent(s)hasrisen.I)Economicfactorsseemtoexplainlessofwhyyoungadultwomenareincreasinglylikelytoliveathome.Generally,youngwomenhavehadgrowingsuccessinthepaidlabormarketsince1960andhencemightincreasinglybeexpectedtobeabetoaffordtoaffordtoliveindependentlyoftheirparents.Forwomen,delayedmarriage—whichisrelated,inpart,tolabormarketoutcomesformen—mayexplainmoreoftheincreaseintheirlivinginthefamilyhome.J)TheGreatRecession(andmodestrecovery)hasalsobeenassociatedwithanincreaseinyoungadultslivingathome.Initiallyinthewakeoftherecession,collegeenrollmentsexpanded,boostingtheranksofyoungadultslivingathome.Andgiventheweakjobopportunitiesfacingyoungadults,livingathomewaspartoftheprivatesafetynethelpyoungadultstoweathertheeconomicstorm.K)Beyondgender,youngadult’slivingarrangementsdifferconsiderablebyeducation~~whichistiedtofinancialmeans.Foryoungadultswithoutabachelor’sdegree,asof2008livingathomewiththeirparentswasmoreprevalentthanlivingwitharomanticpartner.By2014,36%of18-to34-year-oldswhohadnotcompletedabachelor’sdegreewerelivingwiththeirparent(s)while27%werelivingwithaspouseorpartner.Amongcollegegraduates,in201446%weremarriedorlivingwithapartner,andonly19%werelivingwiththeirparent(s).Youngadultswithacollegedegreehavefaredmuchbetterinthelabormarketthantheirless-educatedcounterparts,whichhasinturnmadeiteasiertoestablishtheirownhouseholds.36.Unemployedyoungmenaremorelikelytolivewiththeirparentsthantheemployed.37.In2014,thepercentageofmenaged18to34livingwiththeirparentswasgreaterthanthatoftheirfemalecounterparts.38.Thepercentageofyoungpeoplewhoaremarriedorlivewithapartnerhasgreatlydecreasedinthepastthreedecadesorso.39.Aroundthemid-20thcentury,only20percentof18-to34-year-oldlivedintheirparents’home.40.Youngadultswithacollegedegreefounditeasiertoliveindependentlyoftheirparents.41.Youngmenarelesslikelytoendupassingleparentsthanyoungwomen.42.Moreyoungadultwomenlivewiththeirparentsthanbeforeduetodelayedmarriage.43.Thepercentageofyoungmenwholivewiththeirparentshasgrownduetotheirdecreasedpayinrecentdecades.44.Theriseinthenumberofcollegestudentsmademoreyoungadultslivewiththeirparents.45.Onereasonforyoungadultstolivewiththeirparentsisthatgetmarriedlateorstaysinglealltheirlives.36-40HEGBK41-45FIHJGSectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B)，C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AccordingtothemajorityofAmericans,womenareeverybitascapableofbeinggoodpoliticalleadersasmen.Thesamecanbesaidoftheirabilitytodominatethecorporateboardroom.AndaccordingtoanewPewResearchCentersurveyonwomenandleadership,mostAmericansfindwomenindistinguishablefrommenonkeyleadershiptraitssuchasintelligenceandcapacityforinnovation,withmanysayingthey’restrongerthanmenintermsofbeingpassionateandorganizedleaders.Sowhy,then,arewomeninshortsupplyatthetopofgovernmentandbusinessintheUnitedStates?Accordingtothepublic,atleast,it’snotthattheylacktoughness,managementtalentorproperskillsets.It’salsonotallaboutwork-lifebalance.Althougheconomicresearchandprevioussurveyfindingshaveshownthatcareerinterruptionsrelatedtomotherhoodmaymakeitharderforwomentoadvanceintheircareersandcompetefortopexecutivejobs,relativelyfewadultsintherecentsurveypointtothisasakeybarrierforwomenseekingleadershiproles.Onlyaboutone-in-fivesaywomen’sfamilyresponsibilitiesareamajorreasonwhytherearen’tmorefemalesintopleadershippositionsinbusinessandpolitics.Instead,toppingthelistofreasons,aboutfour-in-tenAmericanspointtoadoublestandardforwomenseekingtoclimbtothehighestlevelsofeitherpoliticsorbusiness,wheretheyhavetodomorethantheirmalecounterpartstoprovethemselves.Similarsharessaytheelectorate(选民)andcorporateAmericaarejustnotreadytoputmorewomenintopleadershippositions.Asaresult,thepublicisdividedaboutwhethertheimbalanceincorporateAmericawillchangeintheforeseeablefuture,eventhoughwomenhavemademajoradvancesintheworkplace.While53?lievemenwillcontinuetoholdmoretopexecutivepositionsinbusinessinthefuture,44%sayit’sonlyamatteroftimebeforeasmanywomenareintopexecutivepositionsasmen.Americansarelessdoubtfulwhenitcomestopolitics:73%expecttoseeafemalepresidentintheirlifetime.46.WhatdomostAmericansthinkofwomenleadersaccordingtoanewPewResearchCentersurvey?A)Theyhavetodomoretodistinguishthemselves.B)Theyhavetostrivehardertowintheirpositions.C)Theyarestrongerthanmenintermsofwillpower.D)Theyarejustasintelligentandinnovativeasmen.47.Whatdowelearnfromprevioussurveyfindingsaboutwomenseekingleadershiproles?A)Theyhaveunconquerabledifficultiesontheirwaytosuccess.B)Theyarelackinginconfidencewhencompetingwithmen.C)Theirfailuresmayhavesomethingtodowithfamilyduties.D)Relativelyfewarehinderedintheircareeradvancement.48.Whatistheprimaryfactorkeepingwomenfromtakingtopleadershippositionsaccordingtotherecentsurvey?A)Personalitytraits.B)Familyresponsibilities.C)Genderbias.D)Lackofvacancies.49.WhatdoesthepassagesayaboutcorporateAmericainthenearfuture?A)Moreandmorewomenwillsitintheboardroom.B)Genderimbalanceinleadershipislikelytochange.C)Thepublicisundecidedaboutwhetherwomenwillmakegoodleaders.D)Peoplehaveopposingopinionsastowhetheritwillhavemorewomenleaders.50.WhatdomostAmericansexpecttoseesoononAmerica’spoliticalstage?A)Awomaninthehighestpositionofgovernment.B)Moreandmorewomenactivelyengagedinpolitics.C)Amajorityofwomenvotingforafemalepresident.D)Asmanywomenintopgovernmentpositionsasmen.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Peoplehavegrowntalleroverthelastcentury,withSouthKoreanwomenshootingupbymorethan20cmonaverage,andIranianmengaining.16.5cm.Aglobalstudylookedattheaverageheightof18-year-oldsin200countries1914and2014.thTheresultsrevealthatwhileSwedeswerethetallestpeopleintheworldin1914,Dutchmenhaverisenfrom12placetothclaimtopspotwithanaverageheightof182.5cm.Larvianwomen.Meanwhile,rosefrom28placein1914tobecomethetallestintheworldacenturylater,withanaverageheightof169.8cm.JamesBentham,aco-authoroftheresearchfromImperialCollege,London,saystheglobaltrendislikelytobedueprimarilytoimprovementsinnutritionandhealthcare.“Anindividual’sgeneticshasabiginfluenceontheirheight,butonceyouaverageoverwholepopulations,geneticsplaysalesskeyrole,”headded.Alittleextraheightbringsanumberofadvantages,saysElioRiboliofImperialCollege.“Beingtallerisassociatedwithlongerlifeexpectancy，”hesaid.“Thisislargelyduetoalowerriskofdyingofcardiovascular&})diseaseamongtallerpeople.”Butwhileheighthasincreasedaroundtheworld,thetrendinmanycountriesofnorthandsub-SaharanAfricacausesconcern,thsaysRiboli.WhileheightincreasedinUgandaandNigerduringtheearly20century,thetrendhasreversedinrecentyears,withheightdecreasingamong18-year-olds.“Onereasonforthesedecreasesinheightistheeconomicsituationinthe1980s，”saidAlexanderMoradioftheUniversithofSussex.Thenutritionalandhealthcrisesthatfollowedthepolicyofstructuraladjustment,hesays,ledtomanychildrenandteenagersfailingtoreachtheirfullpotentialintermsofheight.Benthambelievetheglobalrtendofincreasingheighthasimportantimplications.“Howtallwearenowisstronglyinfluencedbytheenvironmentwegrewupin，”hesaid.“Ifwegivechildrenthebestpossiblestartinlifenow,theywillbehealthierandmoreproductivefordecadestocome.”51.Whatdoestheglobalstudytellusaboutpeople’sheightinthelasthundredyears?A)Thereisaremarkabledifferenceacrosscontinents.B)Therehasbeenamarkedincreaseinmostcountries.C)Theincreaseinpeople’sheighthasbeenquickening.D)Theincreaseinwomen’sheightisbiggerthaninmen’s.52.WhatdoesJamesBenthamsayaboutgeneticsintheincreaseofpeople’sheight?A)Itcountslessthangenerallythought.B)Itoutweighsnutritionandhealthcare.C)Itimpactsmoreonanindividualthanonpopulation.D)Itplaysamoresignificantroleinfemalesthaninmales.53.WhatdoesElioRibolisayabouttallerpeople?A)Theytendtolivelonger.B)Theyenjoyaneasierlife.C)Theygenerallyriskfewerfataldiseases.D)Theyhavegreaterexpectationsinlife.54.Whatdowelearnabout18-year-oldsinUgandaandNiger?A)Theygrowupslowerthantheirpeersinothercountries.B)Theyareactuallyshorterthantheirearliergenerations.C)Theyfindithardtobringtheirpotentialintofullplay.D)Theyhaveexperiencedmanychangesofgovernment55.WhatdoesJamesBenthamsuggestwedo?A)Watchcloselytheglobaltrendinchildren’sdevelopment.B)Makesurethatourchildrengrowuptotheirfullheight.C)Tryeverymeanspossibletoimproveourenvironment.D)Ensureourchildrengrowupinanidealenvironment.PartIV
Translation
(30minutes)
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.灯笼起源于东汉，最初车要用于照明。在唐代，人们用红灯笼来庆祝安定的生活。从那时起，灯笼在中国的许多方流行起来。灯笼通常用色彩鲜艳的薄纸制作，形状和尺寸各异。在中国传统文红灯笼象征^美i和生意兴隆，通常在春节、元宵节和国庆等节日期间悬挂。如今，世界上许多其他地方也能看到红灯笼。【参考译文】Lanterns,whichoriginatedfromtheEastHanDynasty,wasfirstusedforlighting.IntheTangDynasty,theywereusedtocelebratethepeacefullife.Fromthenon,lanternshavebecomepopularinvariouspartsofChina.Alanternisusuallymadeofthinpaper,invariouscolours,shapesandsizes.Redlanternssymbolizehappylifeandprosperousbusiness,traditionalChinesecultureandthusarehungupinholidaysandfestivalssuchastheSpringFestival,LanternFestivalandNationalDay.Today,redlanternscanbeseeninmanyplacesoftheworld.关注微信公众号：江苏好老师专转本同学可加入好老师英语四六级学习群QQ群号：559607627
获取专转本讯息及英语考级、计算机考级、教室资格证网课可访问好老师教育官网:https://www.hiteacher.cn
2019年6月大学英语四级真题及参考答案（第三套） - 图文
