for farmhouses.
The study also looked at the effects of climate change, tourism, invasive （侵入的）species and water pollution. On a positive note, while fireflies around the world seem to be suffering from the previously mentioned issues, Big Dipper fireflies living in the US happen to be booming. \can survive pretty much anywhere,said Sara Lewis, a biologist from Tufts University.
The study urges countries where firefly populations are dwindling to take measures to preserve suitable habitats, lessen light pollution, reduce use of pesticides and develop better guidelines for tourism around known firefly areas.
8. What mainly causes the drop of the firefly population in East Asia? A. Light pollution.C Climate change.
B. Habitat loss. D. Food shortage.
9. Which of the following is more likely to adapt to the environment? A. The Malaysian firefly.C. The Pteroptyx firefly.
10. What does the underlined word A. on the riseC. under control
11. What does the text mainly talk about? A. Watching fireflies is a rare childhood memory. B. Cooperation is the key to firefly protection. C. Urbanization becomes a main threat to fireflies. D. Human activities lead to less firefly population. 【答案】8. A 【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人类的行为包括光污染、杀虫剂和更小的栖息地使得萤火虫的数量减少。【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段第
2句内容“According to the study, one of the main threats to
”可知东亚和南美洲的萤火虫面临的主
A项。
9. D
10. B
11. D
B. The Lampyris firefly. D. The Big Dipper firefly.
“dwindling” in paragraph 5 mean?
B. on the decrease D. out of control
fireflies in East Asia and South America is artificial light.
要威胁之一是人造光。因此，这一地区萤火虫数量减少的原因应是光污染。故选
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【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段第
2句内容“On a positive note, while fireflies around the world
seem to be suffering from the previously mentioned issues, Big Dipper fireflies living in the US happen to be booming. \from Tufts University.( 积极的一面是，当世界各地的萤火虫似乎都在遭受上述问题的困扰时，生活在美国的北斗七星萤火虫却在蓬勃发展。塔夫茨大学的生物学家萨拉·刘易斯说家伙几乎可以在任何地方生存。
:“这些
)”可知生活在美国的北斗七星萤火虫几乎可以在任何地方生
D项。
存而使得它们数量激增。因此可知，北斗七星萤火虫能够适应环境。故选【10题详解】
词义猜测题。分析可知，划线单词所在句“词的areas的定语从句，根据主句“
where firefly populations are dwindling”应是之前名
The study urges countries to take measures to preserve suitable
habitats, lessen light pollution, reduce use of pesticides and develop better guidelines for tourism around known firefly areas.”可知该研究敦促这些国家采取措施，保护合适的栖息地，减少光污染，减少杀虫剂的使用，并制定更好的指南，在已知的萤火虫地区周围旅游。因此可知，这些国家应是萤火虫数量在减少的国家。可推知划线单词“等含义，与选项【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章结构为总分结构，首段提出了本文的话题中心“
There are over
B. on the decrease(在减少)表达含义一致。故选
dwindling”应有“减少；下降”B项。
2,000 different firefly species around the world, but their populations are decreasing due to artificial light pollution, pesticides and smaller habitat size.(
世界上有超过
2000种不同种类的萤火虫，但
)”，可知本文主要讲
是由于人为的光污染、杀虫剂和更小的栖息地，它们的数量正在减少。述了人类的行为使得萤火虫的数量减少。选项合理概括了文章主旨要义。故选
D项。
D.Human activities lead to less firefly population.
D
Swiss researchers have developed a machine that can keep human livers （肝脏）alive outside of the body for one week. At present, technology and methods are only able to keep human livers alive for up to 24 hours. The new machine is able to keep the liver active by performing several functions normally carried out by the human body.
Scientists from the University of Zurich in Switzerland developed the machine. The researchers say the purpose of their
“Liver4Lifb
” machine is to perform what they call liver perfusion （灌注）
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operations outside of the human body. Perfusion is the process by which blood or other fluids are pumped through organs and tissue. The machine keeps the liver at the right temperature and moves it in a way that would be natural in the body. It uses a pump to fill the liver with blood acting like a replacement for a human heart. The machine also provides oxygen to the organ, controls red blood cell levels and removes waste.
The research team began their experiments using livers from pigs. After repeated testing and engineering development, the team said it was able to get the pig livers to survive for seven days with support only provided from the Liver4Life machine.
They also discovered that the system can work to repair damaged livers. In one test, the team connected the machine to 10 injured human livers that had been rejected for transplantation by all European medical centers. After seven days of perfusion treatment from the machine, six of the human livers fully regained important liver functions, the researchers reported.
The success of this unique perfusion system, developed over a four-year period by a group of surgeons, biologists and engineers, clears the way for many new applications in transplantation and cancer medicine, helping patients with no liver grafts （移植）available. 12. How does the machine keep the liver active? A. By pumping to fill it with kinds of medicine. B. By balancing the temperature of the body. C. By providing blood for the liver like a heart. D. By controlling its white blood cell levels. 13. What do we know about the system? A. It took researchers four periods to invent it. B. It is designed to repair damaged livers. C. It's possible that it may have a bright future. D. It needs more evidence to prove its functions.
14. In which section of a newspaper may the text appear? A. Education.C. Psychology.
15. What's the best title for the text?
A. New Machine Keeps Livers Alive for Full Week
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B. Environment. D. Technology.
B. Ways to Cure Liver Diseases Have Been Found C. Animals are Used to Do Experiments in Switzerland D. Six Human Livers Fully Regained Their Functions 【答案】12. C 【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究一周。【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段末尾句内容“
The new machine is able to keep the liver active by
--独特的灌注系统可以让人的肝脏在体外存活
13. C
14. D
15. A
performing several functions normally carried out by the human body.( 这种新机器能够通过执行人体通常执行的几种功能来保持肝脏的活性。
)”且文章第二段内容提及“
It uses a pump to fill the
liver with blood acting like a replacement for a human heart.( 它利用一个泵将血液注入肝脏，就像人的心脏一样。)”可知，这部机器通过向肝脏提供人体机能比如供血维持其活性。【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章末尾段落内容“
The success of this unique perfusion system, developed over
故选C项。
a four-year period by a group of surgeons, biologists and engineers, clears the way for many new applications in transplantation and cancer medicine, helping patients with no liver grafts available.( 这一独特的灌注系统是由一组外科医生、生物学家和工程师历时四年开发的，它的成功为移植和癌症医学的许多新应用扫清了道路，帮助没有肝脏移植的病人。统可以帮助移植肝脏，因此可推知它的前景良好。future(它有可能有一个光明的未来【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章主要介绍一个新的研究发明存活一周，因此可推知，文章涉及科技话题。故选【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章结构为总分结构，首段提出本文话题“
Swiss researchers have developed
--perfusion system，可以帮助肝脏在人体外D项。
)”可知，该系
C项“It's possible that it may have a bright
C项。
)”属于依据文章作出的合理推断。故选
a machine that can keep human livers alive outside of the body for one week.( 瑞士研究人员开发出一种机器，可以使人体肝脏在体外存活一周。
)”，且后文对此进行了详细的介绍。因此选项
)”合理概括了
A“New Machine Keeps Livers Alive for Full Week(新机器能使肝脏存活一个星期文章主题，可作最佳标题。故选
A项。
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第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Five Ways to Reduce Food Waste
?Plan Ahead
Before you head out for your weekly shop, create a meal plan for the week. Think about what you are going to cook each day and how you are going to use the leftovers.____16____, make a shopping list and most importantly, stick to it! ?Shop Smart
Shopping smart may sound simple, but it is an important way to reduce food waste. When you go food shopping, avoid overbuying as this can lead to throwing food away.____17____. It may also be useful to take a photo of your fridge and cupboards to remind you of what you already have. ? ___18___
When purchasing fresh food products, be sure to check the use-by dates to make you have enough time to use it and avoid any waste. If a product is labelled
“best before
”,it is a guideline and is about
quality, not safety. The food will be safe to eat but may not be at its best. ?Freeze Your Leftovers
When you cook a big meal, make sure to save the leftovers and eat them at a later date. You should label your leftovers so you can keep track of how long they've been in your fridge.______19______ . ?Get Smart with Storage
___20___ For example, fruit should be stored in the fridge, except bananas and pineapples. It will extend its life and make it fresh and crisp for snacking on. And potatoes and onions are not friends, as they produce gases which spoil each other. Both should be stored separately in cool, dry, dark places. A. Check Use-By Dates B. Avoid Wasting Food
C. Once you have planned your meals D. If you want to store fruits and vegetables
E. Storing your food in the right way can extend its life F. It means shopping more often and buying less each time
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云南省昆明市“三诊一模”2020届高三复习教学质量检测英语试题
