六年级期末复习
不定冠词(a/an)的用法
1. I would like to be a policeman. （职业前加“a”或“an”）
2. There is a beautiful garden behind the house.（翻译成中文， 有“一”的意思）
3. 习惯用语：have a good/great time, half an hour, tell a lie, make a (shopping) list, have a picnic, have a barbecue, have a healthy diet, have an unhealthy diet, That?s a good idea. 等
定冠词the的用法
1. I have a cat and a dog. The cat is white and the dog is brown. （再次提到的人和物前） 2. Our classroom is on the third floor. （on + the+序数词+floor） 3. I play the piano every day. （乐器前面）
习惯用语: in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, for the first time, Friends of the the earth,
the environment, at the weekend, one on the left/right, the one in the middle, in the city, in the countryside, at the entrance等
一般不用冠词的情况
1. What do you have for breakfast? （一日三餐前） 2. We play football after school every day. (球类运动前)
固定词组：by train/motorcycle, on foot, at night, at noon, watch TV, go to school, walk to school, be late for school, at weekends, start work, finish work, in class等。
人称代词
我(的) 我们(的) 你/你们(的) 他(的) 她(的) 它(的) 他们(的) 主格 I we you he she it they 宾格 me us you him her it them 所有格 my our your his her its their 主格：用作句子的主语 宾格：用在动词和介词后面 所有格：表示“…的” 疑问代词 Wh- meaning Question Answer word What 什么 What do you do for Spring We have a New Year?s Festival? dinner together. Which 哪一个 Which would you like? I?d like this yellow one. Where 哪里 Where is my pen? It is in the pencil case. Why 为什么 Why are you so happy today? It?s my birthday! How 怎么样 How do you travel to school every By bus. day? We use ?How … questions? to ask for numbers or amounts. 1
How … How many How much How much meaning Question 多少（可数） How many people are there? 多少 (不可How much sugar do we 数) need every day? 多少钱 How much did you spend on the book? Answer There are seven. Only a little. 35 yuan. 不定代词
1. Some和any的用法 （1）some用于肯定句，否定句或疑问句要改为any （2）当疑问句希望得到肯定的回答，可以用some e.g. There is some milk in the bottle. Would you like some…? There isn?t any milk in the bottle. May I have some…? Is there any milk in the bottle? Shall we buy some…? 2. few, a few, little, a little
(1) We need _____ ( a few, a little) fat every day.
重点一：few和a few修饰可数名词，little和a little修饰不可数名词 3. Hurry up! We have only ______ ( a little, a few, little, few) time !
There are ____ (a little, a few, little, few) spicy sausages in the fridge. Let?s go and buy some. 重点二：a little, a few表示“一点点”，肯定含义； little, few表示“几乎没有”，否定含义。 固定搭配 only/still a little, only/ still a few
3. one…the other…, some…others, others, each other
(1) She is always kind to others. others=other people 别人 (2) They always help each other. each other 互相
(3) I have two sons. One lives in the USA, the other lives in Australia. one…the other… 一个…另一个（前提两个人或物）
(4) Some students like cartoons, others like science fiction. some…, others… 一些…, 另一些…
名词
1.可数名词( Countable Noun)的复数规则变化: A.一般情况 加+s
e.g. toy---toys month---months coin---coins B.以s, x, sh, ch结尾 加+es
e.g. class—classes box—boxes church—churches brush---brushes dish---dishes C.以f 或fe 结尾 去f 或 fe改为ves
e.g. shelf---shelves knife---knives wolf---wolves D.以辅音字母+y 结尾的词 变y 为i ,再加es
e.g. city---cities country---countries lady---ladies (比较: day---days boy---boys) 2.可数名词的复数不规则变化 A.以o结尾
e.g. potato—potatoes tomato—tomatoes
(比较: radio---radios photo---photos piano---pianos kilo---kilos zoo---zoos kangaroo---kangaroos) B.单复同形
e.g. sheep---sheep deer---deer people---people Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese C.改变元音 e.g. man---men woman---women policeman---policemen postman---postmen
2
businesswoman---businesswomen child---children mouse---mice foot---feet tooth---teeth goose---geese
可数名词和不可数名词的数量表达 与可数名词搭配的量词 与不可数名词搭配的量词 a few一些(表示肯定) a little一些(表示肯定) few (表示否定) little (表示否定) wwW .x kB 1.c Om many 许多 much 许多 与可数名词和不可数名词都可搭配的量词 a lot of (=lots of) 许多 plenty of 大量的 some 一些（用于肯定句） any 一些（用于否定句和疑问句） enough 足够的（用于名词之前） 数词
one---first two---second three---third four---fourth five---fifth six---sixth seven---seventh eight---eighth nine---ninth ten---tenth eleven---eleventh twelve---twelfth thirteen---thirteenth
fourteen---fourteenth fifteen---fifteenth sixteen---sixteenth seventeen---seventeenth eighteen---eighteenth nineteen---nineteenth twenty---twentieth thirty---thirtieth forty---fortieth fifty---fiftieth sixty---sixtieth
seventy---seventieth eight---eightieth ninety---ninetieth hundred---hundredth 钟的表示
在 7:15 at a quarter past seven / at seven fifteen 在 8:30 at half past eight/ at eight thirty
在11:45 at a quarter to twelve / at eleven forty-five
在 1:58 at two (minutes) to two / at one fifty-eight x k b 1.c o m 半小时之内（包括半小时）常用介词past, 半小时之后用介词to。
形容词和副词的用法及位置
在名词前作定语 在系动词后作表语
1.We should have____ a healthy diet. (health) 1.He became very angry (angrily). 2. I like the lovely baby very much.( love) 2.Chillies taste spicy (spice). 形容词作宾语补足语keep/ make +sb./sth. +adj. 1. We should keep the room _________(clean). clean 2. This bad news made him__________(happy). unhappy 形容词的位置和成分:
1.在名词前作定语 2.在系动词后作表语3.作宾语补足语（keep, make) How do we get adverbs?
3
wide + ly true + ly real + ly close + ly quiet + ly
widely especial + ly truly
extreme + ly
especially extremely completely excitedly
really complete + ly
closely immediate + ly immediately quietly excited + ly
+ adj. ly adv
complete completely add ly .
heavy heavily for adjs ending in y, change y to i and add ly good
well
原级 tall safe fat big thin hot red wet 比较级 taller safer fatter bigger thinner hotter redder wetter 拼写规则 一般的词+er 以e结尾的词+r 以重读闭音节结尾 双写最后辅音字母+er 形容词比较级的拼写规则
音节 单 音 节 词 形容词比较级的拼写规则 音节 原级 比较级 双 音 节 词 healthy easy careful healthier easier 拼写规则 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,去y 为变i+er 多音 节词 difficult more 以 -ful, less, ing, ed, careful ly, ive, able等后缀结尾的词 前加more more 前加more difficult 不规则变化 bad/ ill- worse good ---better many /much ---more little ---less 形容词比较级的常用结构：
1) than 2) A or B?
e.g. The book is heavier than that one. e.g. Which is bigger, the sun or the moon? 形容词的同级比较
1）as +原级+ as: 和…一样… e.g. Peter is as tall as Mike. This shirt is as cheap as that one.
4
2）“不如…”
not as +原级+as not so+原级+as less+原级+ than e.g. My room is not as/so big as your room. My room is less big than your room. 原级、比较级之间的转换 Tom isn?t as tall as Sandy.
=Tom is _________ _______Sandy. shorter than =Sandy is _______ _______Tom. taller than not so/as…as --- 比较级 than
辨析：介词in, on, at
地点：in+大地点 e.g. in Beijing/ China on +岛屿 e.g. on Lucky Island
at +小地点 e.g. at the bus-stop at the airport 时间:in + 年份/季节/月份 e.g. in 2012/spring/May
on + 具体某天/具体某天的某个时段 e.g. on Saturday / on Monday morning at + 钟点 e.g. at six o?clock in + 一个被包围的空间 “在…里”
in the Arts and Crafts room 在美术劳技教室里 in the hall 在大厅里 in the Music room 在音乐教室里
on the + 序数词 + 楼层 “在…楼上” on the second floor 在三楼 on Lucky Island 在幸运岛上
at + 较小的地方 “在…” at the entrance 在入口处 at the airport 在机场 at the bus-stop 在车站
其它介词（固定搭配）：
1. get sth. from sb. 从某人那里得到某物 far away from 远离 2. I usually go shopping with her. 与某人一起…
share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物 help sb. with sth. 在…方面帮助某人
3. be late for… 迟到; for the first time 第一次 wait for等待 cook food for people 为人们烧吃的
make sth. for sb./buy sth. for sb. 为某人买/做某物
4. be kind/friendly/helpful to sb. 对某人… sell things to people 买东西给人 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物
5. look at 看着; look for 寻找; look after 照顾 listen to 听着 6. get to spl. 到达某地 =arrive in/at spl.
7. by bus/car/ferry/underground on foot on the bus/ underground/ train in a car/ taxi 8. on the/one?s way to spl. 在某人去某地的路上 on one?s way here/there/home 新 课 标 第 一 网 9. in the classroom, on the road, in the library,
in the park, walk on the grass, run across the road, on the left/right , in the middle of…, in the shopping centre
10. have sth. for breakfast/lunch/dinner in the supermarket/market
in the frozen food section at the fish stall
11. all kinds of + 名词复数 各种各样的 different kinds of + 名词复数 多种多样的
5
上海牛津英语六年级第二学期期末复习资料
