高中英语课时阅读训练二十二Module6TheWorld'sCulturalHeritagePeriod2ReadingandVocabulary要点讲解课

课时阅读训练二十二 Period 2 Reading and Vocabulary要点讲解

课

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

Far away, huge and shaped over thousands of years by the seas and glaciers, Norway’s breathtaking natural scenery leaves many visitors in awe(敬畏). Adding to its appeal is the fact that the country has once again been selected as the best place in the world to live for health and social prosperity(繁荣). This has been true for 12 years in a row according to the United Nations’ 2016 Human Development Index, released on Dec. 14.

Its outdoor lifestyle which makes the most of the mountains and fjords(峡湾) undoubtedly plays a key role in the country’s health, said The Independent newspaper.

In the summer, Norwegians go hiking, camping, picnicking and fishing. In the winter, it’s time to play in the snow. As The Telegraph newspaper noted, “Many Norwegians grow up on the slopes and can ski like professional athletes. ” The Norwegian diet is another factor in Norwegians’ good health. A typical homemade meal is low in sugar, fat and salt, and is usually made of fish, meat, potatoes, berries, whole-grain bread and vegetables. “Dining out is relatively uncommon, ”Women’s Health Magazine noted. “There is not a big fast-food culture and there are no ready meals. ”

Even though fast food restaurants have been set up in the country, to discourage unhealthy eating, the government has put higher duties on fast food and soft drinks since 1981.

The mentality(心态) of the Norwegian people has also played an essential role in the country’s health and social success. The Danish-Norwegian novelist Aksel Sandemose once wrote down the Law of Jante, which shows important ideas in Norwegian culture: modesty, collectivity and social equality. Overall, the law suggests that no one is better than another person, and that people should not brag(吹嘘) about

their achievements.

“You shouldn’t believe that you are more than you are. This attitude is deeply in our social DNA, ”Robert Mellberg, a tech entrepreneur told the BBC. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。挪威是一个风景优美而富足的国家, 连续12年被联合国评为最适合人类居住的国家。文章从几个方面介绍为什么挪威人过着健康而繁荣的生活。 1. When was Norway first selected as the best place to live? A. In 2012.

B. In 2004.

C. In 2016.

D. In 2008.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第二段“根据2016年联合国人类发展指数调查, 挪威连续12年被评为最为宜居的国家”可知, 挪威第一次被评上是在2016-12= 2004年, 故选B项。 2. According to the text, which game do Norwegians like best? A. Hiking.

B. Fishing.

C. Camping.

D. Skiing

【解析】选D。推理判断题。由第四段最后一句“Many Norwegians grow up on the slopes and can ski like professional athletes. ”可知, 很多挪威人是在斜坡上长大并且能够像专业运动员那样滑雪。可推断出挪威人最喜欢的运动是滑雪。而远足、钓鱼和野营是夏天挪威人常做的事情, 看不出是最喜欢的, 故排除。 3. What are Norwegians’ health secrets? A. Outdoor lifestyle, diet and the mentality. B. A big fast-food culture and modesty.

C. Beautiful scenery, ready meals, and the attitude. D. Modesty, culture and soft drinks.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段可知挪威人的健康源于他们丰富多彩的户外活动; 第五段第一句“The Norwegian diet is another factor in Norwegians’ good health. ”可知, 挪威人的饮食是健康的另一因素; 第七段第一句“The mentality of the Norwegian people has also played an essential role in the country’s health and social success. ”可知, 挪威人的心态在国家健康和社会成功方面也起着重要作用。故A项正确。

B

(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)

We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.

What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.

Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk, ” he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them. ”

In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband, ” says Dunn. “But interactions with peripheral (边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also. ”

Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. “Small talk is the basis of good manners, ” he says.

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了闲谈在人际交往中的益处及重要性。 4. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph? A. Addiction to smartphones.

B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places. C. Absence of communication between strangers.

D. Impatience with slow service.

【解析】选C。推理判断题。文章首段提到在公共场合中, 周围都是人的情况下, 人们只是专注地盯着自己的手机, 或者苦苦挣扎于令人不自在的沉默中, 从中可以推断出文章首段描述了陌生人之间缺少交流的现象。故选择C项。

5. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci? A. Showing good manners. B. Relating to other people. C. Focusing on a topic. D. Making business deals.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段Carducci所说的话The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them. 可知, 他认为与他人建立良好关系才是成功闲谈的关键。故选择B项。 6. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk? A. It improves family relationships. B. It raises people’s confidence. C. It matters as much as a formal talk. D. It makes people feel good.

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中的The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings. . . 以及But interactions with peripheral members of our social network matter for our well-being also. 可知, 闲谈会使人感觉良好。故选择D项。 7. What is the best title for the text? A. Conversation Counts B. Ways of Making Small Talk C. Benefits of Small Talk D. Uncomfortable Silence

【解析】选C。主旨大意题。文章第二段便提出论点: Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits, 接下来便通过引用专家的言论以及实验结果来证明闲谈的益处及重要性, 所以文章的主旨是“闲谈的益处”。故选择C项。 Ⅱ. 完形填空

As I walked through a parking lot on a cold night, I saw a homeless man. He was settling into 1 against the wall surrounding a trash bin. Though I knew as a woman, it was 2 for me to ask a strange man if he needed 3 , I turned and walked back.

“Sir, ”I began, “I live over there. ”I pointed to my complex and 4 that the police officer in the community said they would try to help the homeless find 5 if we called. I asked if it was okay to 6 the police, and he said that it was. 7 I do not carry a cellphone, I 8 a call at a nearby business. I was afraid the police would pass by and not see him. I did not want him to be 9 . When I returned, I asked if it was okay for me to 10 with him. Again, he calmly 11 . He then asked, “Do you think they’ll find me an apartment? ”

“I do believe so”is my 12 to him. I did not have any money or food with me— 13 two water bottles. I smiled, pulled out one of the water bottles and 14 it to him. He took the bottle and then sat up, as if he wanted to respect the 15 I made . He thought for a moment and then began drinking small sips of the water. When the officers arrived, they 16 me that he would have housing and even thanked me. To my 17 , I was unwilling to leave the man. I realized an unexpected 18 was born. It was the calm man whose name I never knew that 19 me that though there will always be people who are better able to do 20 , sometimes you must stop because you are the one who is there.

【语篇概述】本文讲了作者在一个寒冷的夜晚帮助一位无家可归的人的故事。 1. A. eat

B. learn

C. sleep

D. lean

【解析】选C。考查动词。根据首句的时间状语on a cold night及其后文When the officers arrived, they me that he would have housing and even thanked me. 可知, 此处指这位无家可归的人倚在墙上打算睡觉。 2. A. strange vital

【解析】选B。考查形容词。在寒冷的冬天的晚上, 作为一位女性去帮助一位陌生人是不明智的。 3. A. help

B. guide

B. unwise

C. necessary

D.