完美WORD格式
元音字母重读开音节和闭音节中的读音
a ①在开音节中/e?
/ name,plane,Jane,baby,cake
②在闭音节中
1一般读作/?/ bag,dad,hat,map,black,back 2后面字母为后面字母为st,ss,th时读/ɑ:/
e ①在开音节中/i:/ he,these,me,Chinese
②在闭音节中/e/ bed,let,pen,desk,yes,egg
i
①在开音节中/a?/ bike,drive,time,nice,kite ②在闭音节中/?/ fish,big,drink,sit,milk,swim
o
①在开音节中/??/ those,close,go,hoe,home,no ②在闭音节中/?/ clock,not,box,shop,sock
u ①在开音节中
1./ju:/student,excuse,duty,Tuesday
2.元音字母u在辅音字母j、l、r或字母组合ch、sh、tr、dr后面时(辅音字母发音为[?]、[?]、[t?]、[d?]、[l]、[r]、[tr]、[dr]),读/u:/,例如:June,blue,ruler,true。
②在闭音节中/? / bus,cup,jump,much,lunch
元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
a ①在/w/音后面/?
/ want,what,watch,wash,quality
②在f,n,sk,ph,sp,ss,st,th,lm前/α:/ after,plant,ask,grasp,glass,fast,father
i 在-nd,-ld和gh前/a?/ find,child,light,high o ①在-st,-ld前/??/ most,postcard,old,cold
②在m,n,v,th前/? / come,monkey,love,mother
元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
a /?
/ China,another,woman,breakfast
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,作动词后缀音,a读/e?/音,例如:operate,a处在开音节位置,
e /?/ hundred,student,open,weekend,chicken,children i ①/?/ holiday,beautiful,family,animal
②/a?/ exercise,satellite
o
? ?
①/?/ second,tonight,somebody,welcome ②/??/ also,zero,photo
u
①/?/ autumn,difficult
②/ju:/ popular,congratulation,January ③在辅音字母j,l,r,s后面时,读/?/或/u:/音,例如:July,influence,February,issue。
? ? ?
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完美WORD格式
在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a,e,i既可以读/?/的音,也可以读/?/的音。
?
-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 编辑
ar or
? ? ? ?
①/α:/ car,farm,dark,sharpener
②在/w/音后面/?:/ warm,quarter,towards ①/?:/ forty morning short ②/?:/ word worker worse
er,ir,ur
/?:/certainly bird Thursday
注:①辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如:carry,sorry,hurry。②-r音节在非重读音节中通常读/?/音,例如:dollar,teacher,martyr,forget,Saturday。
?
-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 编辑
are ere
? ?
/e?/ care,dare,hare /??/ here,mere /a??/ fire,hire,wire /?:/ more,score,before /j??/ pure,cure
/?/ centre,fibre,titre,meagre,saltpetre
ire
?
ore
?
ure
?
-re
?
注
①are,ere,ire,ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读/?/音,例如:picture,pleasure。 ? ②重读元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母r读/r/音。例如:parent,zero,story,during,inspiring。 ? ③另外,某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange,very,American,paragraph。
?
元音字组在重读音节中的读音
ai,ay
?
/e?/ afraid,rain,wait,day,play /e?/ air,hair,chair,pair,repair
air
?
al
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? ? ? ①在l,k前/?:/ small,ball,talk,wall,all,talk, ②/?:l/ always,also,salt,almost ③在f,m前/α:/ half,calm /?:/ autumn,daughter,draw ①/i:/ teach,easy,cheap,please
②/e/ heavy,bread,sweater,weather ③/e?/ break,great
①/??/ hear,dear,near,clear,year ②/e?/ bear,pear,wear,swear ③/?:/ earth,learn,early /i:/ jeep,week,green,three /??/ pioneer,deer,beer ①/e?/ eight,neighbour,they ②/i:/ seize,key
①在j,l,r,s后/u:/ flew,brew,jewelry,jewel ②/ju:/ new,few,newspaper /s/音之后/i:/ piece,field,receive /??/ coat,Joan,boat,goal /?:/ roar,board,door,floor /??/ noise,point,boy,toilet
/u:/ broom,food,tooth,school,zoo
/?/ book,look,cook,foot,good, football ①/a?/ flower,house,count,down ②/??/ know,row,throw,though ③/? / young,country,enough ④/u:/ group,soup ①/?:/ course,your,four ②/a??/ our,hour,sour ③/?:/ journey
au,aw
?
ea
? ? ?
ear
? ? ?
ee
?
eer
?
ei,ey
? ?
eu,ew
? ?
ie,ei
?
oa
?
oar,oor
?
oi,oy
?
oo
? ?
ou,ow
? ? ? ?
our
? ? ?
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完美WORD格式
oul
?
/?/ would,should,could(主要是情态动词、助动词) ①在j,l,r,s后/u:?/ fluid,suicide,tuition ②/u:/ juice,fruit,suit
ui
? ?
非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音 编辑
ai,ay,ei,ey
?
/?/ foreign,monkey
ow
/??/ yellow,sparrow,tomorrow 注:元音字组在非重读音节中通常读/?/音或/?/音。例如:serious,famous,biscuit,coffee,neighbour
? ?
-sion,-tion
? ? ?
①/??n/ impression,nation
②在元音字母后/??n/ vision,decision,occasion ③在s后/t??n/ question,suggestion /a?l/ aisle, Carlisle /s?n/ listen /sl/ whistle
/??/ pleasure,measure
-isle
?
-sten
?
-stle
?
-sure
?
-ture
?
/t??/ picture,culture
元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如:everyday/e?/,handbag/?/,blackboard/?:/。有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如:holy(神圣)+day/e?/(日子)=holiday/?/(假日):break(中断)+fast/α:/(斋戒)=breakfast/?/(早餐);cup(茶杯)+board/?:/(木板)=cupboard/?/(碗柜)。
?
辅字组的读音
b
? ?
①/b/ bike,bus,bag ②/不发/ bomb,tomb
c
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完美WORD格式
? ? ? ①在e前或在i,y前/s/ face,decide,cinema,bicycle ②其他情况/k/ cake,picture,coat,music ③/t?/ cello、concerto
①/t?/ much,chick,rich,teacher
②/k/ school,headache,chemistry(主要为希腊外来词) ③/?/ machine,moustache(主要是法语外来词)
ch
? ? ?
-ck/cq
[k] cock,pocket,black,knock,checque,
cz
?
[t?] Czech
/d/ doctor,bread,hand,day /d?/ bridge,fridge /dr/ children,driver,drink
/dz/ hands(主要用于可数名词复数) /f/ five,four,breakfast /v/ of
d
?
-dg(e)
?
dr-
?
ds
?
f
? ?
g
①/g/ bag,garden,go ②在e,i,y之前一般读作/d?/,少数例外,orange,large,German,apology,giant ? ③e,i,y之前少数情况下读/?/ genre,massage
? ?
gh
? ? ? ?
①/f/ cough,enough
②/不发/ light,daughter,high
①/g/ guess,league,dialogue(-gue在非重读音节中) ②/gw/ language,anguish ①/h/ hot,head,house,hand ②/不发/ hour,honest
①/d?/ jeep,jar,joke,join,June ②/?/ Jacques(用于法国人名) ③/h/ Juanita(用于西班牙人名) /k/ kind,bike,skate,make,week
gu-,-gue h
? ?
j
? ? ?
k
?
kn-
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英语字母和字母组合读音汇总
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