21 蓝宝GRE笔考词汇突破核心词汇 蓝宝GRE笔考词汇突破核心词汇 21 dart [????] vi. 疾驰,飞奔 n.标枪 (类)dart·missile=skiff·boat 标枪·发射物=小划艇·船(种属) move·dart=descend·plummet 移动·疾驰=下降·飞速下坠 (记)谐音\打他\;联想\用标枪打他。\ dastard n. 懦夫(=craven) daunt [?????] vt. 使胆怯,使畏缩 (to overcome with fear; intimidate) (类)fearless·daunt=impassive·perturb 无畏的不会胆怯=冷漠的不会被打扰 dauntless·intimidate=irrepressible·restrain 大胆的·使害怕=抑制不住的·抑制 dauntless·trepidation=footloose·attachment 大胆的·害怕=自由的·附着 (反义) (反)daunt ◆ embolden/make resolute/hearten 使胆怯 ◆ 使大胆/使坚定/鼓舞 dauntless ◆ craven/easily discouraged/pusillanimous/meek/trepid/timorous 大胆的 ◆ 胆小的/容易气馁的/胆怯的/温和的/惊恐的/胆小的 undaunted ◆ cowed 无畏的 ◆ 胆怯的 (同)dismay, appall, horrify, shake dawdle [???????] v.n. 游手好闲,虚度光阴(to waste by trifling;idle) (反)hie ◆ dawdle 匆忙 ◆ 游手好闲 (同)lazy, loaf, loiter, loll, lounge deactivate [ ???????????? ] vt.解除动员, 使无效 deadpan [???????] adj.无表情的,冷漠的(wooden; impassive) (类)deadpan·impassive=impudent·brazen=insightful·discerning 无表情的·冷漠的=厚颜无耻的·厚颜无耻的=富有洞察力的·有鉴别力的(同义) (同)blank, empty, inexpressive, unexpressive, vacant dearth [????] n. 缺乏,粮食不足,饥谨(an inadequate supply) (反)dearth ◆ plethora/spate/copiousness 缺乏 ◆ 过剩/大量/丰富 debacle [ ??????????] n.崩溃,溃败(breaking up; downfall) (反)debacle ◆ complete success/éclat 溃败 ◆ 大成功 debark [????????] vt.使下船登陆, 卸载(to unload, as from a ship or an airplane) (类)debark·ship=unload·truck 从船上卸载=从卡车上卸货 debase [???????] v.贬低,贬损(to reduce in quality value, or dignity) (类)debase·status=chill·temperature 降低·地位=使变冷·温度 debase·value=constrict·diameter 贬低·价值=压缩·直径 (反)debased ◆ ennobled 出身低微的 ◆ 出身高贵的 debasement ◆ deification 贬低 ◆ 神化 (例)Vulgarly outrageous movies debase the taste of the people 庸俗的暴力电影,降低了人们的欣赏品位。 debilitate [???????????] vt. 使衰弱(to make weak;enfeeble) (类)debilitate·strength=attenuate·thickness 使衰弱·力量=拉薄·厚度 (反)debilitate ◆ invigorate/fortify 使衰弱 ◆ 鼓舞/加强 (同)weaken, attenuate, blunt, cripple, disable, sap (记)bility(能力) 参考:ability 能力 debris [???????] n.碎片,残骸(the remains of something broken down or destroyed) (类)debris·destroy=ash·burn残骸·破坏=灰烬·烧(前者由后者造成) debunk [????????] v. 揭穿真面目,暴露(to expose the sham or falseness of) (反)debunk ◆ perpetuate to sham/unexposure 揭穿真面目 ◆ 永远的伪装/隐藏 (记)bunk=bank 联想:使银行的真相暴露出来。 debut [????????] n.初次登场亮相 (a first public appearance) (类)debut·career=embark·journey 初次登场是职业生涯的开始=上船是旅行的开始 (反)debut ◆ farewell performance 初次登场 ◆ 告别演出 decadence [?????????] n. 衰落,颓废(the act or process of falling into decay) (反)decadence ◆ wholesomeness 衰落 ◆ 健康 (记)参考decade 十年;联想经济规律\经济增长十年就会进入衰退。\ decant [???????] vt. 轻轻倒出(to pour liquor gently so as not to disturb the sediment) (类)decantation·pour=subterfuge·deceive 倾注·灌注=托词·欺骗(后者程度强) (记)can 罐头盒 联想\由罐头盒中轻轻倒出。\ decent [ ??????? ] adj. 象样的,得体的;高雅严肃的,正派的 (例)a decent salary. 一份相当不错的薪水 decentralize [??????????????] vt. 使分散,排除集中,使地方分权 (例)a decentralized state实施地方分权的国家 decibel [????????] n. 分贝(音量单位) (类)decibel·loudness=light-year·distance 分贝·响度=光年·距离(事物及其衡量单位) decipher [????????] vt.破解,解释(to decode ,as something written in cipher) (类)decipher·hieroglyph=break·code(干扰:separate·component 分离·成分) 破解·象形文字=破解·密码(动宾关系) decode [????????] vt. 解码,译解 (类)indecipherable·decoded=unmanageable·controlled 不可解的·破解的=难管的·可控的 encoded·decode=tacit·infer 加密的需解码=暗示的需推断 (同)break, crack, cryptanalyze, decipher, decrypt decorum [?????????] n.礼仪(propriety and good taste in conduct or appearance) (类)gaffe·decorum=miscalculation·judgment 失态·礼仪=错误的判断·裁判 (反)decorum ◆ impropriety 礼仪 ◆ 不适当 decorous ◆ mangy/unseemly 有礼貌的 ◆ 低贱的/不体面的 indecorous ◆ proper 不合礼节的 ◆ 适当的 (记)谐音:待客人 联想:待客人当然要有礼貌。 decrepit [?????????] adj. 衰老的,破旧的(weakened by old age; worn out by long use) (反)vigorous健壮的sturdy健壮的sound健康的robust健壮的hale强壮的 (同)weak, feeble, fragile, frail, infirm, insubstantial, unsound default [????????] n. & v. 拖欠(failure to act in meeting financial obligations) (类)default·pay=yield·resist 拖欠·支付=屈服·坚持(反义) (反)default ◆ fullfill an obligation/pay one's debt 违约拖欠 ◆ 履行义务/偿还债务 defer v.推迟,延期;听从 (类)arrogance·defer=lassitude·stir 傲慢·听从=疲乏·激起(难以关系) (反)exigent ◆ deferrable 紧急的 ◆ 可延期的 deference [?????????] n. 敬意,尊重(respectful regard) (类)deference·authority=emulation·exemplar 尊重·权威=效法·榜样 reverent·deference=exemplary·imitation 虔诚的·尊重=可仿效的·模仿(因果) defer·leader=admire·hero 尊重·领导=赞美·英雄(动宾) deferential·offend=scornful·respect 恭敬的不会冒犯=轻蔑的不会尊敬 deferential·sycophant=frugal·penurious 恭敬的·奉承的=节俭的·吝啬的(褒贬) (反)deferential ◆ imperious/impudent 恭敬的 ◆ 专横的/无礼的 deference ◆ contempt 尊重 ◆ 轻视 (同)honor, homage, obeisance, reverence list 9 deficiency--------dilute deficiency [??????????] n. 缺乏,不足(insufficiency, an amount that is lacking or inadequate) (反)deficiency ◆ surfeit 缺乏 ◆ 过度 (同)deficit, inadequacy, insufficience, insufficiency, scantiness, shortage defile [????????] n.(山间)小道 v. 弄污,弄脏 (类)defile·narrowness=precipice·steepness 小道·狭窄=悬崖·陡峭(正面特征) definitive [ ?????????? ] adj. 决定性的,最后的,确定的(most reliable or complete) defoliant [????????????] n. 脱叶剂, 落叶剂 (类)defoliants·leave=insecticide·insect 落叶剂·树叶=杀虫剂·虫 (记)参考foliage 树叶,植物 deforest [???????????] vt.采伐森林,清除树林 (类)deforestation·tree=insecticide·insect 采伐森林·树木=除虫·虫 deft [????] adj. 灵巧的,熟练的,敏捷的(skillful ,nimble ,facile) (类)maladroit·deft=voluble·terse 笨拙的·灵巧的=滔滔不绝的·简短的 (反)deft ◆ awkward/maladroit/ham-handed 灵巧的 ◆ 笨拙的/笨拙的/笨手笨脚的 (同)dexterous, adroit, clever, handy, neat-handed (记)daft“愚蠢的” 变体。 defuse [?????????] vt.抚慰,减轻(to make less dangerous or tense);去掉?的雷管 (反)defuse ◆ foment 抚慰 ◆ 煽动 (记)fuse 雷管,保险丝。De+fuse 去掉雷管 defy [??????] vt.公然反抗,违抗to resist boldly or openly (反)defy ◆ acquiesce/obey 违抗 ◆ 勉强同意/尊从 (同)brave, challenge, dare, front, venture degenerate [ ?????????????] adj.退化的v.退化 dehydrate [????????????] vt. (使)脱水,(使)干燥(to remove water from) (类)desiccated·dehydration=abraded·friction 脱水的·脱水=摩擦的·摩擦 dehydrate·water=fade·brightening= detoxify·poison 脱水·水=褪色·明亮=解毒·毒性(消除关系) dehydration·moisture=descent·altitude=desertification·vegetation 脱水·潮湿=降落·高度=沙漠化·植被(消除关系) (反)dehydrate ◆ reconstitute/sature with water 脱水 ◆ 复原/饱和水 (同)dry, desiccate, exsiccate, parch, sear deify [????????] v.神化(to worship or revere as a god) (反)deification ◆ debasement 神化 ◆ 贬低 deify ◆ watch with contempt 神化 ◆ 蔑视 deject [????????] vt. 使沮丧,使灰心(to make gloomy in spirits)adj.沮丧的 (类)hearten·dejection=mollify·anger 振作·沮丧=平息·生气(消除关系) (反)deject ◆ gladden 使沮丧 ◆ 使高兴 dejected ◆ exultant 沮丧的 ◆ 欢跃的 (同)demoralize, dishearten, disparage, dispirit deleterious [????????????] adj.有害的,有毒的(injurious to healthy ;harmful) (反)beneficial/ salutary/ salubrious/ wholesome有益的/有益健康的 (同)damaging, injurious, mischievous, prejudicious (记)来自delete 联想\要被删除的当然是有害的。 deliberate [???????????] adj.深思熟虑的(to think about decisions carefully) (类)brash·deliberation=candor·subterfuge 仓促·深思熟虑=直率·托词(反义) caprice·deliberation=impromptu·rehearsal 善变·深思熟虑=即席演出·排练(反义) (反)hasty ◆ characterized by deliberation草率的 ◆ 深思熟虑的 impetuous ◆ deliberate冲动的 ◆ 审慎的 (同)advised, considered, designed, premeditated, studied, studious delicacy [?????????] n.精致(fineness);令人愉悦的事情(something delightful or pleasing) (类)chiaroscuro·contrast=filigree·delicacy 明暗配合·对比=复杂金银细丝工艺品·精致 (反)delicacy ◆ crudity 精致 ◆ 粗制 husky ◆ delicate 粗糙的 ◆ 精致的 delinquent [ ????????????] n.失职者adj.失职的, 有过失的 delirium [?????????] n.精神错乱,发狂(a mental disturbance) (类)delirium·confusion=coma·unconsciousness 精神错乱·混乱=昏迷·无意识(同义) (例)in a delirium of patriotic feeling 处于一种狂热的爱国激情 delusion [???????] n.错觉(an abnormal mental state) (类)delusion·thought=hallucination·perception 错觉·想法=幻觉·感觉(前者是后者的异常) (反)transparent ◆ delusive 容易理解的 ◆ 迷惑的 deluge [?????????] n.大洪水;豪雨(a great flood, inundation) - 21 - - 21 -
22 蓝宝GRE笔考词汇突破核心词汇 蓝宝GRE笔考词汇突破核心词汇 22 (类)droplet·deluge=pebble·landslide 小水滴·大洪水=小圆石·山崩 rain·deluge=wind·hurricane 雨·豪雨=风·飓风 (反)deluge ◆ drizzle 豪雨 ◆ 毛毛雨 (记)参考:dilute 稀释,变淡 delve [????] vt.&vi. 探究,查考(to make a careful or detailed search for information) (类)delve·skim=scrutinize·gloss=quaff·sip 探究·浏览=细看·简短注释=痛饮·啜吸(程度) demagogue [????????] n. 煽动者,蛊惑民心的政客 (类)demagogue·instruct=shirk·malinger 煽动者·指示=逃避者·逃避工作(正面特征) (记)dem 人民 参考:democracy 民主 demography 人口统计学demotic 大众的 demanding [?????????] adj. 过分要求的,苛求的(making difficult or excessive demands) (类)demanding·satisfactory= closed-mind·sway【干扰:adulterate·pristine掺杂的不纯净】 苛求的·满意=死心塌地的·动摇(难以关系) (同)burdensome, exacting, exigent, grievous, oppressive, taxing demean [ ??????? ] vt. 贬低身份 demise [ ????????] n. 死亡(death) (例)Upon the demise of the dictator,a bitter dispute about succession to power developed. demolition [???????????] n. 破坏,毁坏(destruction by explosives) (类)rehabilitate·demolition=recycle·disposal 复原·破坏=再利用·处理(反义) (记)moli谐音\毛利\;联想\毛利人的文明被殖民者所破坏。\ demonstrate [????????????] v.论证,证明(to prove or make clear by reasoning or evidence) (反)demonstrable ◆ unable to prove 可论证的 ◆ 不能证明的 demoralize [????????????] vt. 使道德颓废;使堕落;挫折锐气 (反)demoralize ◆ invigorate/ cheer 士气受挫 ◆ 鼓舞(干扰:ameliorate 改善) (记)moral 道德 (同)chill, deject, dishearten, disparage, dispirit demotic [?????????] adj.通俗的,大众化的(popular) (反)demotic ◆ profound 通俗的 ◆ 深刻的 demur [??????] v.表示异议,反对(to make objection ,esp. on the grounds of scruples) (类)demur·objection=praise·approbation 提出异议·反对=赞美·嘉许 demur·qualms=waver·irresoluteness 表示异议·疑虑=踌躇·犹豫不决 (反)demur ◆ accept/accede 表示异议 ◆ 接受/同意 (同)balk, boggle, scruple,stickle, stumble denigrate [??????????] vt.玷污,诋毁(to cast aspersions on·disparage) (反)denigrate ◆ honor 诋毁 ◆ 尊敬 (记)nigr(黑)参考:Nigro 黑人 (同)malign, asperse, calumniate, defame, slander, vilify denouement [???????????] n.(小说的)结尾,结局 (类)joke·punch line=plot·denouement 笑话·妙语=情节·结局 【注:punch line·the statement (as in a joke) that makes the point. 就是相声或笑话中抖响包袱的那句话,和小说结局一样使悬念解开。】 denounce [????????] v. 公开指责,揭发(to condemn or censure openly or publicly) (类)admonish·denounce=punish·pillory 警告·公开指责=惩罚·公开嘲弄(正常·公开) denunciation·denial=castigation·reproof 驳斥·否定=苛责·谴责 (反)denounce ◆ brace/condone 指责 ◆ 支持/宽恕 denunciation ◆ accolade/eulogy/panegyric 谴责 ◆ 赞扬/赞词/赞扬 (同)criticize, blame, censure, condemn, denunciate, reprehend, reprobate dent [????] n.凹,凹痕 (a depression made by pressure) (反)dent ◆ convex 凹陷 ◆ 凸起 denture [???????] n.假牙 (类)denture·teeth=toupee·hair 假牙·牙齿=假发·头发 denude [???????] v.脱去,剥蚀,剥夺(to strip of all covering or surface layers; bare) (反)denude ◆ cover 脱去 ◆ 遮蔽 (同)strip, disrobe, unclothe, undress depict [ ??????? ] vt. 图示,描述,描写 deplete [????????] vt. 耗尽,使衰竭(to lessen markedly in content, power, or value) (反)enrich ◆ deplete 使富有 ◆ 耗尽 (记)plete 满 参考:complete 完成 replete 充满的 (同)bankrupt, drain, draw, exhaust, impoverish, use up (例)an epidemic which depletes an army of manpower一场流行病耗尽了军队的有生力量。 deplore [???????] vt.深表遗憾(regret);反对(to consider deserving of deprecation) (反)accolade/extol/laud/commend/applaud赞美 (例)Although I deplore the vulgarity of your language, I defend your right to express yourself freely.虽然我对你粗俗的言语深表遗憾,但是我维护你说话的权利。 (记)参考 Implore 恳求,哀求 deploy [???????]v.展开(有策略性的);调度(to spread out strategically) (反)deploy ◆ concentrate 展开 ◆ 集中 (记)ploy 用 参考:employ 雇用 deportation [?????????????] n. 驱逐,放逐(the removal from a country of an alien) (类)deportation·country=eviction·dwelling=expel·school 驱逐·国家=逐出·住处=开除·学校 (记)port 运 参考:import 进口 portable便携的 deport /comport举止,风度 depose [???????] vt.作证(to testify to under oath or by affidavit);免职 (反)perjure ◆ depose 作伪证 ◆ 作证 (同)affirm, aver, constate, declare, predicate, protest deposit [????????] vt.沉淀 n.沉淀,押金(to put or set down; place) (反)deposit ◆ process of eroding 沉淀 ◆ 腐蚀过程 depravity [??????????] n. 堕落,腐败,邪恶(a corrupt act or practice)
(类)doldrums·energy=depravity·virtue 消沉·精力=堕落·品德(前者缺乏后者) (同)vice, corruption, immorality, wickedness deprecate [??????????] vt. 不赞成,贬低(to express earnest disapproval of) (类)deprecate·value=restrict·diameter 贬低·价值=限定·直径 (反)extol 赞美vaunt 自夸endorse 赞成 (同)disaprove, discommend, discountenance, disesteem, disfavor, object depreciate [????????????] v. 贬低,贬值(to lower the price or estimated value of) (类)self depreciate·swagger=fawn·hauteur(imperiousness) 自贬·吹嘘=奉承·傲慢
depreciation·valuable=ossification·flexible 贬值·有价值的=僵化·灵活的 (同)cheapen, devalorize, devaluate;decry,belittle, discount depressant [??????????] adj. 有镇静作用的n. 镇静剂 (类)depressant·mood 镇静剂·不好的情绪(消除) depressed adj. 沮丧的(low in spirits:sad;especially:affected by psychological depression) (类)despondent· depressed=expert· skilled 意气消沉的·沮丧的 = 熟练的·熟练的(同义) deprivation n. 剥夺(the state of being deprived)损失,匮乏(privation) (反)deprivation ◆ fecundity 损失,匮乏 ◆ 丰饶(干扰:surfeit过量) (记)de(使失去)+ privat(=private私有的)→使私有财产失去→剥夺 deracinate [????????????] vt. 根除,灭绝 (uproot) (反)deracinate ◆ plant 根除 ◆ 种植 (记)de(使?离开)+race(=root根)→根除 参考:radical 根本的 derangement n. 精神错乱, 发狂 derelict [?????????] adj. 玩忽职守的 n.被遗弃的人 (类)stickler·derelict=poseur·unaffected一丝不苟者·玩忽职守的=装模做样者·自然的 (反)derelict ◆ extremely careful 玩忽职守的 ◆ 特别仔细的 derelict ◆ pillar of society 被遗弃的人 ◆ 国之栋梁 (记)de(使)+ relict(残余物)→使成残余物→遗弃→被遗弃的人;另外→弃之不管→玩忽职守 参考:relic 残迹 relinquish放弃 deride [???????] vt. 嘲弄,嘲笑(to laugh at in scorn or contempt; mock) (类)deride·mockery=patronize·condescension 嘲笑·嘲笑=屈尊俯就·屈尊俯就(同义)
sneer·derision=smirk·smugness 讥笑·嘲笑=假笑·装模做样(前者表达后者) gibe·derision=condolence·sympathy(compassion)=apologize·regret 嘲笑·嘲笑=哀悼·同情=道歉·忏悔(前者表达后者) (反)deride ◆ praise 嘲笑 ◆ 赞美 derision ◆ veneration 嘲笑 ◆ 尊敬 (同)ridicule, lout, mock, razz, scout, taunt derivative [??????????] adj. 派生的,无创意的(lacking originality·banal) (反)derivative ◆ original/precursory/innovative 无创意的 ◆ 原创的/先驱的/创新的 derogate [ ????????? ] v. 贬损,毁损,诽谤 descend [???????] v. 降落 (to pass from a higher place or level to a lower one) (类)descend·altitude=dehydrate·moisture 降落·高度=脱水·潮湿 (前者消除后者) descendant [???????] n.后代,后裔(one deriving directly from a precursor or prototype) (反)descendants ◆ forbears 后代 ◆ 祖先 (同)offspring, brood, children, posterity, progeny, scions descry [ ?????????] vt.察看, 发现, 远远看到 deseam vt. 除去表面上之缺陷 (记)seam 除了有缝合,焊接的意思,还有缝合后留下伤痕的意思。 desecrate [??????????] vt.亵渎,污辱(to treat with sacrilege;profane) (反)desecrate ◆ sanctify/revere/hallow 亵渎 ◆ 尊敬/尊敬/视为神圣 desiccate [?????????] vt. 使干,干贮(to preserve(a food)by drying·dehydrate)
(类)desiccant·dry=caustic·eat away 使干燥的·干燥=腐蚀性的·侵蚀 desiccant·moisture=cleanser·dirt=deceleration·velocity 干燥剂·潮湿=清洁剂·脏=减速·速度(前者消除后者) (反)desiccate ◆ add water to加水drench湿透 hydrate与水化合 designate [??????????] vt.任命,命名(entitle) (类)appellation·designate= foreword·introductory 称呼用来命名=前言用来介绍 desperate [ ??????????] adj. 绝望的;危急的;极严重的;极强烈的 despicable [??????????] adj. 可鄙的,卑劣的 (类)despicable·contempt=reprehensible·censure 可鄙的·鄙视=应受斥责的·斥责
despicable·scorn=venerable·reverence 可鄙的·轻视=值得尊敬的·尊敬 despicable·valuable=mulish·flexible 卑劣的·有价值的=顽固的·灵活的(反义) (同)contemptible, cheap, despisable, mean, pitiable, scurvy, shabby despise [????????] vt.轻视(to regard with contempt or aversion;scorn)厌恶(to hate) (反)despise ◆ venerate 蔑视 ◆ 尊敬 (同)abhor, contemn, disdain, scorn, scout despotic [?????????] adj.专制的,暴虐的(arbitrary, autocratic, monocratic, tyrannical) (类)despotic·tyranny=generous·liberality 暴虐的·暴政=慷慨的·慷慨大方 (派)despot暴君 despotism专制 dessert [???????] n. 餐后甜点 (类)dessert·meal=epilogue·play=coda·sonata餐后甜点·一餐=收场白·戏剧=尾声·奏鸣曲 desuetude [ ????????????? ] n. 废止, 不用(cessation of use; disuse) desultory [???????????] adj.散漫的,不连贯的,断断续续的(lacking in consistency or - 22 - - 22 -
23 蓝宝GRE笔考词汇突破核心词汇 蓝宝GRE笔考词汇突破核心词汇 23 order) (类)desultory·plan=languid·energy=facile·profundity 散漫的·计划=疲倦的·精力=容易的·深刻(前者缺乏后者) (反)carefully planned 精心计划的 strictly methodical 有系统的assiduous 勤勉的 (同)random, aimless, casual, haphazard, indiscriminate, unconsidered, unplanned detach [???????] vt. 分离(unfasten or separate);派遣(to sent on a special mission) (反)tether ◆ detach 束缚 ◆ 分离 detachment n. 超然公正,不偏不倚 detain [???????] v. 拘留(to keep under restraint);阻止(to keep from processing) (反)detain ◆ manumit 拘留 ◆ 释放 deter vt. 制止,威慑 (类)intrepid·deter=rapt·distract 无畏的难以威慑=全神贯注的难以分心 (反)deter ◆ spur 制止 ◆ 激励 deterrent ◆ inducement/incentive 制止 ◆ 引诱/刺激 detergent [ ??????????? ] n.清洁剂, 去污剂 deterioration [????????????????] n.恶化;堕落 (类)deterioration ◆ improvement/amelioration 恶化 ◆ 改进/改善 detour [???????] vi.绕路而行(to avoid by going around ;bypass) (类)detour·route=digress·topic 绕路而行·路线=偏题·主题 detoxification [??????????????????] n. 解毒 (类)detoxification·poison=neutralization·acid 解毒·毒性=中和·酸性 detract [????????] v. 减去,贬低(to take away a part ,as from value or reputation) (反)detract ◆ extol 谴责 ◆ 赞美 (同)decry, belittle, depreciate, diminish, discount, disparage, dispraise detrimental [ ?????????????] adj. 有害的,不利的(obviously harmful) detritus [??????????] n. 废品(a product of disintegration, destruction);废墟 (反)detritus ◆ valuable product 废品 ◆ 有用的物品 devastate [ ???????????] v. 破坏,蹂躏;压倒,使垮掉 devoid [ ??????? ] adj. 毫无的,没有的(与of连用) (例)a criminal utterly devoid of conscience丧近天良的罪犯 A well devoid of water is useless. 无水的井没有用途。 devoted [?????????] adj. 投入的,深爱的,忠诚的 (类)devoted·zealous=careful·fastidious 深爱的·热情的=细心的·仔细注意的 () fanatic·devoted=prude·proper 极端的狂热者·投入的=过分正经的·合乎礼教(程度) devotional·reverence=elegiac·sorrow 虔诚的·尊敬=挽歌的·悲痛(同义) devout [???????] adj. 虔诚的(devoted to religion) (类)religion·devout=canon·orthodoxy 宗教·虔诚的=正典·正统的(后者尊崇前者) (反)impiety ◆ devoutness 不虔诚 ◆ 虔诚 (同)godly, holy, pious, prayerful, religious dew [????] n. 露水 (类)dew·condensation=rust·corrosion 露水·冷凝=锈·腐蚀(前者由后者形成) dexterous [?????????] adj.心灵手巧的(skillful and competent with the hands) (类)dexterous·manipulate=prescient·predict 灵巧的·灵巧的操作=预见性的·预言 (同)adroit, clever, deft, handy, neat-handed, nimble diabolic [??????????] adj.恶魔一般的(devilish; fiendish) (反)diabolic ◆ benefic 魔鬼一般的 ◆ 慈善的 diabolical ◆ seraphic 魔鬼一般的 ◆ 天使一般的 diaphanous [??????????] adj.精致的,几乎透明的;模糊的,非实在的(vague or insubstantial) (反)diaphanous ◆ opaque/ impermeable of light 几乎透明的 ◆ 不透明的/实质的/不透光的 diaphanous ◆ substantial 非实在的 ◆ 物质的,实在的 (同)filmy, gauzy, gossamer, sheer, transparent diatribe [??????????] n.抨击性演说 (a abusive denunciation ,criticism or writing ) (类)diatribe·abuse= declamation·grandiloquence 抨击·辱骂=雄辨·豪言壮语(种属) diatribe·discourse=lullaby·song 抨击性演说·演说=摇篮曲·歌曲(种属) (反)diatribe ◆ encomium/ laudatory piece of writing 抨击 ◆ 赞美/赞赏作品 dichotomy [ ???????????] n. 两分, 二分法, 分裂 (记)dicho(二)+tom(切割) dictate [ ???????? ] v. 口述;支配,命令(dictator独裁者) didactic [?????????] adj.教诲的、说教的(intended for instruction ;moralizing or preaching) (类)didactic·teach=hortatory·urge=comic·amuse=fantastic·amaze(干扰:generous·liberality) 教诲的·教育=激励的·激励=喜剧的·使发笑=奇异古怪的·使惊异(目的) (同)moral, moralizing, preachy, schoolmasterish, teachy (例)His speech to the new freshmen was painfully didactic. 他的演说对于新人来说是一种痛苦的说教。 die [???] v.模具 (类)die·shaping=drill·boring =reel·winding 模具·成形=钻子·钻孔=线轴·缠绕 diehard [????????] n.死硬分子(person who vigorously resists change) (类)diehard·budge=vagary·predict 死硬分子·动摇=奇特行为·预知(难以关系) diffident [?????????] adj. 不自信的,羞怯的(hesitant through lack of self-confidence) (反)brassy/ brazen 厚颜无耻的nervy 勇敢的bold 大胆的 expansive健谈的 (同)shy, bashful, coy, demure, modest, self-effacing, timid, unassertive, unassured (记)dif(表否定)+ fid (相信)→不相信自己的,羞怯的 参考:confidence 自信,秘密 diffuse [????????] adj.罗嗦的,冗长的(being at once verbose and ill-organized) (类)aphorism·diffuse=euphemism·offensive 箴言·罗嗦的=委婉·冒犯性的 (反)diffuse ◆ succinct 罗嗦的 ◆ 简洁的 (同)redundant, verbose, windy , wordy,long-winded, prolix digit [???????] n. 手指或脚趾(a human finger or toe)数字 (类)finger·digit=fang·tooth 手指·手指或脚趾=尖牙·牙(前者属于后者) (记)美国人数学差,掰着手指和脚趾数数字 digress [????????] v. 离题(to turn aside especially from the main subject) (类)digress·excursive=reiterate·redundant 离题·离题的=重申·累赘的 digressive·topic=stray·group=random·pattern =aberrant·standardt=circuitous·route 离题的·主题=迷路的·人群=随机的·样式=异常的·标准=迂回的·路线(前者偏离后者) aside·digression=summary·excerpt 偏离·离题=摘要·摘录(同义) (同)depart, divagate, diverge, excurse, ramble, stray, wander (记)di+gress 走→走到一边去 离题 参考:congress 议会(记:走到一起开会) dilapidate [???????????] v. (使)毁坏(to fallen into of decay or partial ruin) (反)dilapidated ◆ still in use/ restored 荒废的 ◆ 还在使用/ 恢复使用的 (同)ruin, bankrupt, shipwreck, wreck (记)di(=dis 分开)+lapid 石头→石头被分开→使毁坏 参考:lapidary 宝石商 dilate [????????] vt. 使膨胀,使扩大 (to enlarge or expand in bulk or extent) (反)dilate ◆ contract/ narrow 使膨胀 ◆ 收缩/使变狭窄 (记)di(=dis 分开)+late(=wide 放大)→放大,膨胀 dilatory [??????????] adj. 拖拉的,不慌不忙的(tending to delay or procrastination) (类)dilatory·procrastinate=malcontent·complain 拖延的·拖拉=不满的·抱怨(同义) (反)dilatory ◆ precipitate 拖拉的 ◆ 轻率的 dilatoriness ◆ alacrity 拖拉 ◆ 敏捷 (同)leisurely, unhasty, unhurried, slow, deliberate, laggard dilemma [ ???????? ] n.进退两难的局面 dilettante [??????????] n. 业余爱好者(dabbler) (类)dilettante·superficiality=partisan·bias 业余爱好者·肤浅=党派支持者·偏见(正面特征)
(同)nonprofessional, smatterer, tyro, uninitiate (记)dilet=(delight 高兴)联想:凭兴趣做事的人→业余爱好者 diligent [??????????] adj. 勤勉的,辛勤的(constant and earnest in effort and application)
(类)diligent·effort=malign·ill will 勤勉的·努力=有害的·恶意(正面特征) diligence·effort=satire·lampoon 勤奋·努力=讽刺·讽刺文(正面特征) (反)procrastination ◆ diligence 拖拉 ◆ 勤勉 (同)asiduous, industrious, sedulous dilute [?????????] v. 稀释(to diminish the strength, flavor, or brilliance of by admixture) (类)dilute·concentration=slacken·tautness 稀释·浓度=松弛·紧张(动宾关系) (记)di(=dis 分开)+lute(=wash冲洗)→冲洗达到稀释 list 10 dim -----dolt dim v. 使暗淡,使模糊,使失去光泽 dimension [????????] n. 尺寸;维度 (类)congruent·dimension=coeval·age全等的·尺寸=同时代的·时代(形容词及其相关对象) measure·dimensions=calibrate·diameter量·尺寸=确定口径·直径(动词及其作用对象) diminish [????????] v. 减少(to make or become smaller ,less, or less important) (反)diminish ◆ increase/escalate 减少 ◆ 增加/增大 din [???] n. 喧闹声,嘈杂声(a loud continued noise) (类)din·ear =stench·nose 嘈杂声·耳朵=恶臭·鼻子 (反)din ◆ hush / silence 喧闹声 ◆ 安静/安静 (同)hubbub, pandemonium, tumult, uproar dingy [???????] adj. 肮脏的,暗黑褪色的(a dark, dull ,or dirty color) (类)dingy·glisten=slippery·adhere 暗黑的不反光=滑溜的不粘附 【注:coarse·polish 为错误选项。粗糙的·磨光 不是反面特征关系,如果换成光滑或者精致就对 了粗糙的不光滑,不精致】 diocesan [??????????] adj. 主教管区的(a bishop having jurisdiction over a diocese)
(反)diocesan ◆ ecumenical 教区的 ◆ 全世界的 diplomatic [???????????] adj.外交的(of or engaged in diplomacy);老练的(tactful or suave)
(类)diplomatic·tact=genial·bonhomie 有策略的·机智=温和的·温和 diplomat·tact=inventor·ingenuity 外交家·机智=发明家·独创性 dire [?????] adj.悲惨的,阴惨的(dismal,oppressive);可怕的 (反)dire ◆ pleasant悲惨的 ◆ 快乐的 dirge [?????] n. 挽歌(a song or hymn of grief or lamentation) (类)dirge·music=elegy·poetry 挽歌·音乐=悲歌·诗情(种属) dirge·grief=paean·praise 挽歌·忧伤=赞美歌·赞美 disabuse [??????????] v.使省悟,纠正 (to free from error, fallacy, or misconception) (类)disabuse·fallacy=cure·disease=rehabilitate·addiction=loose·confinement 纠正·错误=治疗·疾病=使复原·沉溺=放松·限制(前者消除后者) (反)disabuse ◆ lead into error/ mislead 纠正 ◆ 导致错误/误导 disaffected [???????????] adj.不满的,叛离的(discontented especially against authority)
(类)disaffected·contentment=dubious·commitment(conviction) =anxious·serenity 不满的·满足=可疑的·托付(确信)=担忧的·平静(形名反义) disaffected·rebel=officious·meddle 叛离的·造反=多管闲事的·干涉(正面特征) (反)disaffected ◆ contented /win over/ beloved 不满的 ◆ 满足的/争取过来的 disaffected ◆ beloved 叛离的 ◆ 深爱的 disaffect ◆ mollify 使敌对 ◆ 平息 disarm [???????] vi.解除武装,缓和,消除敌意(to deprive of reason to be hostile) (反)disarm ◆ put on guard 解除武装 ◆ 全副武装 bait ◆ disarm 使恼火 ◆ 消除疑虑敌意 - 23 - - 23 -
24 蓝宝GRE笔考词汇突破核心词汇 蓝宝GRE笔考词汇突破核心词汇 24 disarray [????????] n.vt. 杂乱,混乱(to throw into disorder, confusion) (类)shipshape·disarray=squalid·cleanliness 井然有序的·杂乱=肮脏的·干净 disavow [????????] vt. 否认,抵赖,不想承担责任(to disclaim responsibility for) (反)disavow ◆ affirm 否认 ◆ 承认 disavowal ◆ admission/acknowledgement 否认 ◆ 允许/承认 (同)disclaim, deny, disallow, repudiate discern [???????????]v.辨别(to recognize or identify as separate and distinct ,discriminate) (类)discern·acute=believe·gullible辨别·敏锐的=相信·过分相信的(后者过分前者) insight·discerning=caprice·whimsical洞察力·有洞察力的=任性·反复无常的(同义) perspicacious·discerning=ravishing·attractive敏锐的·辨别的=销魂的·吸引人的(程度) discernable·obvious(manifest)=audible·stentorian =palatable·savory 可辨别的·明显的=可听见的·洪亮的=可口的·风味极佳的(程度) (反)discernment ◆ lack of insight 识别力 ◆ 缺乏洞察力 acumen ◆ unable to discern 敏锐的 ◆ 不能辨别的 myopic ◆ discerning 短视,缺乏辨别力 ◆ 有辨别力的 discharge [??????????] vt.解雇(to dismiss from employment) (反)discharge ◆ hire 解雇 ◆ 雇佣 disciple [?????????] n.信徒,门徒 (类)disciple·follow=apologist·defend 信徒·追随=辩护者·辩护(正面特征) discombobulate [?????????????????] v.使混乱,使仓惶失措(to confuse or disconcert) (类)discombobulated·order=erratic·consistency 混乱的·秩序=游移的·连续(前缺乏后) (反)discombobulate ◆ compose 使混乱 ◆ 使安定 discomfit [??????????] v. 使窘迫;使沮丧 (to confuse and deject) (类)discomfit·blush=contempt·sneer 使窘迫·脸红=鄙视·讥笑(后者体现前者) (反)discomfit ◆ mollify 使窘迫 ◆ 平息 discommode [??????????] v. 使不便;打扰(to cause inconvenience to;trouble ) (反)convenience方便 pacificate ease/mollify 安抚assist帮助oblige施恩惠 discompose [???????????] vt. 使不安,使烦乱(to destroy the composure of) (类)discompose·pacific=fabricate·authentic=engage·tedious 使不安·平静的=捏造·真实的=使忙碌·单调乏味的(消除关系) discompose·placid=fabricate·ingenuous 使不安·平静的=编造·坦白的(消除关系) (反)discompose ◆ pacificate 使不安 ◆ 使镇静 (同)agitate, bother, discombobulate, dismay, disquiet, disturb, upset (例)discomposed by the rudeness of his friend他被朋友的粗鲁弄的心烦意乱。 disconcert [???????????] vt. 使困惑,使不安(to disturb the self-possession of ,perturb) (反)disconcert ◆ placate 使仓皇失措 ◆ 安抚 (同)embarrass, abash, confound, confuse, discomfit, discountenance, faze discord [????????] n. 不和谐(lack of agreement or harmony) (类)discordant·sound=anachronistic·time 声音不和谐的·声音=时代错误的·时代 (反)discord ◆ harmony 声音不和谐的 ◆ 和谐的 (同)conflict, contention, difference, disharmony, dissension, dissent (例)a household full of turmoil and discord 充满混乱和不和谐的家庭 discredit [??????????] v. 羞辱(to injure the reputation) (类)invective·discredit=exhortation·motivate 辱骂·羞辱=劝诫性的讲话·推动(行为及目的) discredit·reputation=injure·well-being 羞辱·名誉=损害·健康(前者破坏后者) discreet [ ????????? ] adj.小心的, 慎重的, 贤明的(circumspect) discrepancy [????????????] n.差异,矛盾(divergence or disagreement) (反)discrepancy ◆ converge/ concord 差异 ◆ 汇聚/和睦 discrepant ◆ consonant 不一致的 ◆ 协调一致的 discrete [?????????] adj. 分离的,不连续的(apart or detached from others) (类)discrete·overlap=infinite·exhaust 离散的不会重叠=无穷无尽的不会彻底耗尽 (反)discrete ◆ continuous 不连续的 ◆ 连续的 (同)distinct, different, diverse, separate discretion [??????????]n.慎重(circumspection);判断力(ability to make responsible decisions) (类)brash·discretion=frivolous·gravity 轻率鲁莽的·慎重=无关紧要的·重大 foolish·discretion=impecunious·money 愚蠢的·判断力=没钱的·钱(前者缺乏后者) indiscretion·convention=overdose·prescription 行为不检点·规矩习俗=过量用药·药方(前者违背后者) discretionary [?????????????] adj.随意的,自主决定的(exercised at one's own discretion) (反)obligatory/ mandatory强制性的 preordain命中注定的 discriminate [?????????????] v. 区别,差别对待(to note a difference) (类)epicure·discriminating=spectator·watching=sentinel·watchful 讲究饮食的人·有鉴赏力的=旁观者·观察的=哨兵·警惕的 discriminate·difference=liken·similarity 区别·不同=比拟·相似之处(前者寻找后者) (反)equitable ◆ discriminatory 公平的 ◆ 差别对待的 (同)difference, differentiate, discern, distinguish discursive [??????????] adj. 散漫的,无主题的(moving from topic to topic without aim) (反)keen on title关注主题的 succinct简明扼要的concentrated集中的 disdain [????????] v. 轻视,鄙视(treat with scorn or contempt) (类)snub·disdain=double-cross·disloyalty 冷落·鄙视=叛变·不忠诚(前者体现后者) (反)disdain ◆ treat favorably/adulation 轻视 ◆ 亲切地对待/谄媚 (同)dispise, abhor, contemn, look down, scorn, scout disengage [???????????] vt. 解开,分开(uncouple; separate; disconnect) (反)disengage ◆ mesh 分开 ◆ 啮合 【注:engage=mesh 都是机械用语,啮合。】 (同)unbind, undo, unfasten, unfix, unloosen (派) disengaged 自由的,闲散的 disgorge [?????????] v. 吐出(surrender something),呕出(vomit) (反)disgorge ◆ swallow 吞下ingest咽下 (例)Unwilling to disgorge the cash he had stolen , the embezzler tried to run away. 不愿吐出窃来的钱,这个贪污犯想逃走。 disgruntle [??????????] vt. 使不满意(make discontented) (反)disgruntle ◆ refresh 使不满意 ◆ 使精神振奋 disgruntled ◆ contented 不满意的 ◆ 满足的 disguise [????????] v.伪装,掩饰(to furnish with a false appearance or an assumed identity)
(类)disguise·identification=camouflage·detection 假装·鉴定=伪装·察觉(防止)
disguise·recognition=padding·damage 假扮·认出=垫料·损害(前者防止后者) (同)camouflage, dissemble, dissimulate, mask (例)disguised herself with a wig 用假发伪装自己。 disillusion [ ???????????? ] n. 梦想破灭,醒悟(to free or deprive of illusion) (例)He disillusioned his fans by his sloppy play. 他草率的表演使他的崇拜者大失所望。 disinclination [????????????????] n. 不起劲,不感兴趣,厌恶(slight aversion) (类)aversion·disinclination=adulation·admiration 强烈的厌恶·厌恶=谄媚·赞美(前者过分) (反)disinclination ◆ leaning/proclivity /bent 厌恶 ◆ 爱好倾向 loquacity ◆ disinclination to speak 多舌 ◆ 不愿说话 (同)dislike, aversion, disfavor, displeasure, dissatisfaction, indisposition disinfect [??????????] vt. 消毒(to free from infection) (类)antiseptic·disinfect=oil·lubricate 抗菌剂·杀菌=油·润滑 aseptic·disinfection=anesthetic·numbness 防腐剂·消毒=麻醉剂·麻木 (记)infect 感染,传染 disjointed [????????????] adj.脱节的;杂乱的 (类)disjointed·coherence=banal·originality 杂乱的·一致=陈腐的·新颖(缺乏关系) (反)disjointed ◆ orderly 杂乱的 ◆ 整齐的 (同)incoherent, disconnected, discontinuous, disordered, inchoate, incohesive disinter [??????????? ] v.掘出 (反)disinter ◆ bury 掘出 ◆ 埋葬 (同)exhume, disinhume, exhumate, unbury disinterested [?????????????] adj. 无偏见的(free from selfish motive or interest;unbiased)
(类)disinterested·partisanship=venal·probity 公平的·党派偏见=贪污的·正直 (反)factional ◆ disinterested 派系的 ◆ 无偏见的 iniquity ◆ disinterestedness 极不公正 ◆ 无偏见 disjunctive [????????????] adj.可分的,分离性的,分隔的(marked by breaks or disunity)
(类)disjunctive·unity=nominal·significance 分离的不统一=有名无实的不重要 dismantle [??????????] vt. 拆除...的设备,分解(to take to pieces) (类)dismantle·unity=adulterate·pristine 拆除·整体=掺假·纯净(前者消除后者) dismay [ ????????] n.沮丧,惊慌v.使沮丧,使惊慌 (反)dismay ◆ hearten 沮丧 ◆ 振作鼓舞 (同)discompose , agitate, bother, disquiet, disturb,fluster, perturb, upset (例)dismayed by the task that lay ahead 被摆在面前的工作弄得很沮丧。 disparage [??????????] v. 贬低,轻视(belittle) (类)disparage·ignore=scorn·reject 轻视·忽视=轻蔑·拒绝(褒贬) (反)aggrandize夸大champion拥护extol 赞扬kudos荣誉revere尊敬adulate奉承 (例)Do not disparage anyone's contribution. 不要贬低任何人的贡献。 (记)parage 来自 peer(贵族,同辈)dis 表示去除→取消贵族资格→贬低,轻视 disparate [?????????] adj. 迥然不同的(basically different);不相关的(unrelated)
(反)disparate ◆ analogous / like / similar 不同的 ◆ 类似的/相似的/相似的 diaparate ◆ homogeneous 不相关的 ◆ 同类的 (记)parate 来自pare 准备,预备,如prepare;dis 分开→分开准备的→不相关的,全异的 dispassionate [??????????] adj.冷静的(calm);公正的(impartial) (反)dispassionate ◆ responsive 冷静的 ◆ 反应迅速的 dispassionate ◆ partial /biased 公正的 ◆ 偏袒的/偏袒的 (同)neutral, colorless, detached, disinterested, impersonal, unpassioned (记)passion 激情,热情 参考:compassion 同情,怜悯 dispatch [????????] n. 迅捷(speedy action) v. 派遣,一下做完 (反)dispatch ◆ leisureliness 迅速 ◆ 悠然 (记)这个词与patch 碎片没有任何关系;记时与package 包裹一起联想:快速分发包裹,快件。 dispose [????????] vt. 使倾向(incline)vi.处理掉(与of连用) (类)recycle·disposal=rehabilitate·demolition 重复利用·处理掉=修复·摧毁破坏(反义) (反)disposed ◆ disinclined 有倾向的 ◆ 无倾向的 (记)pose 词义摆姿势;作为词根的意思是安排,布置→dispose 处置 (例)The low salary did not dispose him to accept the position. 低薪使他不想接受这项工作。
Man proposes. God disposes. 谋事在人,成事在天。(这里dispose是处理、安排的意思)
(派)disposed 愿意的,倾向干的;disposal n. 清除,处理 disregard [??????????] v.不重视,漠视 (类)flout·disregard=taunt·challenge 愚弄嘲笑·漠视=嘲弄·公然挑战(前者表达后者) (反)disregard ◆ nurture 漠视 ◆ 培育 (同)neglect, discount, forget, ignore, overlook, overpass, slight (记)regard 重视,尊敬 disrupt [????????] vt. 使分裂(to break apart);扰乱,打断(to disturb or interrupt) (类)saboteur·disrupt=apologist·defend 蓄意破坏者·打断破坏=辩解者·辩护 (记)rupt 断裂 参考:rupture 破裂 dissect [???????] vt.vi. 解剖,切成碎片(to cut apart to examine the structure) - 24 - - 24 -
25 蓝宝GRE笔考词汇突破核心词汇 蓝宝GRE笔考词汇突破核心词汇 25 (类)specimen·dissect=sentence·parse 样本·仔细剖析=句子·语法分析(后者分析前(类)rapt·distract=intrepid·deter 全心投入的·分心=无畏的·威吓 者) (反)rapt ◆ distracted 全心投入的 ◆ 分心的 (记)sect 宗派,部分,段 与sequ(跟随)同源;dis(分开)+ sect(部分)→解剖,切碎 (记)tract 拉 参考:contract 合同 tractor 拖拉机 retract 缩回 dissemble [????????] v. 用假象隐藏真相、掩饰;假装(to put on a false appearance) distraught [?????????] adj. 心神狂乱的,极其烦恼的(bewildered) (类)dissemble·honesty=snub·politeness 掩饰·诚实=冷落怠慢·礼貌(前者缺乏后者) (类)troubled·distraught=covetous·rapacious 扰乱的·极其烦恼的=渴望的·贪婪的(程 dissemble·information=masquerade·feeling 隐藏·信息事实=伪装·感情 度) ingenuous·dissemble=raffish·preen=polite·snub (反)distraught ◆ composed 心神狂乱的 ◆ 镇静的 坦白的不掩饰=粗俗的不打扮=有礼貌的不怠慢 (同)distracted, distrait, distressed, harassed, troubled, worried (反)dissemble ◆ behave honestly 隐藏 ◆ 诚实 (记)distract 的过去分词 dissembling ◆ candid 隐藏的 ◆ 坦白的 (同)camouflage, cloak, dissimulate, dress up, mask ditty [?????] n. 小调,小曲(an especially simple and unaffected song) (记)semble 相像,真相 与simulate(模仿,假装)同源;dis 消除→使不象→隐藏真相,假(类)fable·tale=ditty·song 寓言(通常短小的故事)·故事=小曲·歌曲(种属) 装 ditty·oratorio=anecdote·novel 小曲·清唱剧=轶事·小说(种属) (记)来自dict 说,口头 联想:口头流传的→小调 参考:dictator 独裁者 disseminate [???????????] vt. 广泛散播、传播(to scatter or spread widely) (类)disseminate·information=foment·discontentment 散步·信息=煽动·不满(动宾) diurnal [?????????] adj. 白昼的,白天的(occurring in the daytime; daily) (反)disseminate ◆ garner/ nucleate 散播 ◆ 储存/聚集成核【注:garner v. 储存 n. 谷仓】 (类)diurnal ◆ nocturnal/ chiefly active at night 白昼的 ◆ 夜晚的/在夜间活动的 (同)circulate, diffuse, disperse, distribute, propagate, radiate (记)di=day (记)dis 分散+ seminate 播种→广泛散播 参考:seminal 种子的semen 精子,种子 diverge [?????????] vi. 分歧;岔开(vary; go in different directionsfrom the same point )
dissension [ ????????? ] n. 意见不合,纠纷,倾轧(strong disagreement or discord) (类)diverge·apart=traverse·across 分岔·分开地=横越·交叉(同义) (反)concord ◆ dissension 一致和谐 ◆ 意见不合 ad-lib·impromptu=aside·divergent 即兴地·即席的=在旁边·分岔的(副词形容词同(同)conflict, contention, difference, disaccord, dissidence 义) (记)参考:dissent 不同意 assent 赞成,同意 consent 同意,赞成 (反)diverge ◆ come together 分歧 ◆ 一致 divergence ◆ unification/ confluence 分歧 ◆ 统一/汇合 dissent [???????] vi. 持异议,不同意,不墨守成规(to differ in opinion or sentiment) (同)digress , depart, ramble, stray, wander;differ, disagree (类)dissenter·orthodox=maverick·group 持异议者不正统=独来独往者不合群 (反)dissent ◆ conform 不同意 ◆ 使顺从 diversity [???????????] n.差异;多样性 (同)disaccord, disagree, discord, divide, vary (反)diversity ◆ uniformity 多样性 ◆ 一致性 (记)sent 感觉→感觉不同,当然意见不一。参考:sentiment 感情 sensation 感觉,感情 (同)variety, diverseness, multiformity, multiplicity, variousness dissident n.有不同意见者,持不同政见者(one who disagrees; a dissenter) divert [????????] vt.使转向(to turn from one course or use to another,deflect) dissipate [?????????] vt. 驱散(dispel);浪费(squander);放纵(to be dissolute) (类)divert·shunt=retard·brake 使转向·使车转向=减速·刹车(行为及其交通上的行为)
(类)husbandry·dissipate=alacrity·procrastinate 节约·浪费=敏捷·拖拉(反义) dissipation·temperation=fecundity·sterility 放荡·自我节制=多产·不肥沃(反义) divestiture [????????????] n. 剥夺,脱衣 (the act of divesting) (反)dissipate ◆ accumulate/ gather/amass 驱散 ◆ 积累/积聚/积聚 (反)divestiture ◆ acquisition 剥夺 ◆ 获得 (记)同disperse驱散,疏散一起记 divest ◆ endow 剥夺 ◆ 捐赠, dissolute [?????????] adj.放荡的(indifferent to moral restrains) divulge [?????????] vt.泄漏秘密(to make known as a secret) (类)libertine·dissolute=wag·humorous 放荡不羁的人·放荡的=风趣的人·幽默风趣的 (反)divulge ◆ keep secret 泄漏秘密 ◆ 保密 (同)abandonde, licentious, profligate, reprobate, self-abandoned, unprincipled (同)reveal , betray, disclose, discover, unclose (记)solute 溶解;不要看成salute 敬礼;不过可以拿过来助记→不敬礼→不遵礼节→放荡的 dodder [?????] vi. 摇摆,蹒跚(to progress feebly and unsteadily) dissolve [???????] v. 溶解(to cause to pass into solution);解散(disintegrate) (类)dodder·unsteady=cavort·sprightly 摇摆蹒跚·不平稳的=雀跃·活泼的 (类)dissolve·insoluble=bend·rigid=submerge·buoyant 溶解·不溶的=弯曲·坚硬不可弯曲的=浸没·有浮力的 dodge [????] v.避开,躲避(to evade by a sudden or repeated shift of position) solvent·dissolve=coagulant·thicken=caustic·burn (类)dodge·blow=escape·capture 躲避·打击=逃避·捕获 溶剂·溶解=凝结剂·变浓厚=腐蚀剂·灼烧(药剂功用) (同)duck, fence, parry, shirk, sidestep; equivocate clot·dissolved=crowd·dispersed 凝块·溶解的=人群·被驱散的 (例)The child dodged through the crowd. 那小孩在人群中躲躲闪闪 (反)consolidate ◆ dissolve 使联合 ◆ 解散 (记)谐音:“躲之”→避开,躲避 dissolve ◆ coagulate 溶解 ◆ 凝结 doff [????] vt. 脱(to take off);丢弃;废除 dissonance [?????????] n.不和谐(lack of agreement, harmony) (反)doff ◆ don 脱下 ◆ 穿上 (反)dissonance ◆ concord 不和谐 ◆ 和谐 (记)d+off (同)discord, difference, disaccord, disharmony (记)son 表示声音sound dogged [??????] adj. 顽固的,顽强的(marked by stubborn determination) (反)dogged ◆ easily discouraged/ yielded 顽固的 ◆ 容易气馁的/屈服的 dissuade [????????] vt. 劝阻(to deter by advice or persuasion) (同)obstinate,inflexible,adamant,persisitent (类)protest·dissuade=supplicate·entreaty 提出异议反对·劝阻=恳求·请求(同义) remonstrance·dissuade=reprehension·censure 抗议·劝阻=斥责·指责(同义) doggerel [????????] adj. 歪诗的n.打油诗(crude or trivial poetry) resolute·dissuade=obstreperous·control 坚决的难以劝阻=任性的难以控制 (类)doggerel·poem=sketch·draw 打油诗·诗=草图·图(种属) inexorable·dissuasion=indomitable·conquest 无动于衷的·劝阻=不可征服的·征服 doggerel·verse=potboiler·article 打油诗·诗=蹩脚文章·文章(种属) (反)dissuade ◆ abet/ enhance 劝阻 ◆ 怂恿并帮助/促进 【注:potboiler:蹩脚文章,蹩脚作家】 (同)deter, disadvise, discourage, divert (记)参考:persuade 说服 dogma [??????] n. 教条(something held as an established opinion) (类)dogma·iconoclast=convention·maverick distain [????????] v. 贬损,伤害名誉 教条·提倡打破旧习的人=习俗·特立独行者 (类)contemptible·distain=hilarious·laugh 可鄙的·贬损=欢闹的·笑(形容词与其相关对(反)dogma ◆ heresy 教条 ◆ 异端学说 象) (派)dogmatist n. 教条主义者,武断者 (记)stain 污点→贬损 参考: taint 污点 tain锡箔 doldrums [?????????] n. 情绪低落(a dull, depressed mood) distal [??????] adj远离中心的,(神经)末梢的(situated away from the point of attachment or origin (类)doldrums·energy=depravity·virtue 情绪低落·精力=堕落·美德(前者缺乏后者) or (同)tedium, boredom, ennui, yawn a central point especially of the body) (记)doldr(=dole悲哀)参考:dolorous悲哀的doleful悲哀的,忧愁的indolent懒惰的 (反)distal ◆ proximal 远离中心的 ◆ 接近中心的,最接近的 【注】proximal:next to or nearest the point of attachment or origin, a central point, or the dolorous [?????????] adj. 悲哀的,忧愁的(full of or cause pain or sorrow) point of view;especially:located toward the center of the body 最接近的 (反)dolorous ◆ jubilant / happy / jovial 悲哀忧愁的 ◆ 欢腾的/高兴的 (记)与 distant 遥远的 一起记 (同)woeful, afflicted, doleful, dolent, miserable, rueful, sorrowful, wretched distend [????????] n. 膨胀(expand;swell out) dolt [?????] n. 呆子,笨蛋,傻瓜(a blockhead ;dunce) (反)distend ◆ constrict 膨胀 ◆ 压缩 (类)dolt·stupid=wag·humorous 傻瓜·愚蠢的=小丑·滑稽的 distention ◆ compression 膨胀 ◆ 压缩 (同)dunce, chump, dolthead, fathead, lunkhead, oaf (记)tend=tent(满足)联想:人自满的时候容易膨胀 参考:distent a.膨胀的 content 满足的 (记)谐音:逗他。这是很多人对傻瓜的态度。 distill [???????] v. 蒸馏 list 11 domicile --------encomium (类)distill·pure=liquefy·fluid 蒸馏·纯净的=使液化·流动的(前者造成后者) domicile [?????????] n.住所,住宅(a dwelling place·place of residence) distill·purity=leaven·volume 蒸馏提高纯度=发酵扩大体积 (类)nomad·domicile=freelancer·employer 游牧民·住所=自由作家·老板(前者没有后 distillate·purity=synopsis·conciseness 馏出物·纯=大纲·简明 【注:distillate n.者) 馏出物】 (记)dom家 参考:dome 圆屋顶 domestic 家庭的 (记)still=(drop 滴)参考:instill 滴注,慢慢灌输 domination [???????????] n. 支配,控制(supremacy or preeminence over another) distinction [ ????????????] n. 区别,不同;特色 (类)servile·domination=gullible·chicanery 卑屈的·支配=易受骗的·欺骗(容易被) distort [????????] vt. 扭曲,歪曲(to reproduce or amplify inaccurately) (反)dominant ◆ recessive [生]显性的 ◆ [生]隐性的 (类)distortion·caricature=brevity·aphorism 歪曲·滑稽模仿=简短·箴言(前者是后者 特征) don [???] vt. 穿上(to put on or dress in an article of clothing) (记)tort=torq 扭曲 参考:torque 扭矩 torture 拷问,曲解 contort 扭曲 (反)doff ◆ don 脱 ◆ 穿 distract [?????????] vt. 转移,分心(to divert in the mind);使发狂(to disturb or trouble greatly) donor [??????] n. 捐赠人(one that gives, donates, or presents something) - 25 - - 25 -