2020年高考英语词汇语法专题6：It易错点解题方法

专题06 It易错点解题方法

It在英语中用法很广。It 可以用作人称代词，也可以用作非人称代词，可作主语也可作宾语。表示

时间，地点，日期，天气，距离，温度等。

It的主要用法有3：1)代词; 2)形式主语；形式宾语。3)强调句It.

看下列句子中的It的用法，你能辨别吗？ 1. It is Friday today.

2. It was very cold last Monday. 3. It is about 8:30 now.

4. It is 25km from my home to our school. 5. It lies in the south of Xi'an city. 6. It is 40°C ! You got a high fever! 7. It is 5 yuan.

Question: What does “it” in these sentences refer to?

It refers to the following: 1 date；2 weather；3 time；4 distance； 5 place； 6 temperature；7 price 看懂啦吗？

It 可以用作非人称代词，作主语。表示1 date；2 weather；3 time；4 distance； 5 place； 6 temperature；7 price 等。

Read and analyze the following sentences.What does “it” in these sentences refer to? 1. It is obvious that the water was to blame.

2. It is true that he will treat me for breakfast tomorrow. [答案]:it是形式主语。

[解析]：it是形式主语, 句子真正的主语是that引导的主语从句. 牢记以下常用于该句型的形容词:

It is clear /obvious /true /possible /certain /amazing /ridiculous /necessary /important /strange /natural /impossible /urgent等+ that从句.

思考：为什么要用it做形式主语而把真正主语放到后面去？ 遵循英语语言的平衡原则，避免句子头重脚轻。

It’s necessary/strange/natural/ important/a pity/no wonder/impossible + that Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟, 即(should)+动词原形

Read and analyze the following sentences. What is the use of “it” in each sentence?

S1. A mouse barked like a dog and drove a cat away , so he said to his son “ I think it important to learn a foreign language.”

S2. We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. [答案]:S1与S2句型中的it是形式宾语。

[解析]：.真正宾语是不定式短语to learn a foreign language/to clean our classroom every day.真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语；动名词短语；that引导的宾语从句。 It用于强调句型中:

It + be + 被强调部分 + that/who(a person)+ 原句剩余部分。 例：原句 I met Tom in the park yesterday.

强调句：1) It was I who met Tom in the park yesterday.

2) It was Tom who I met in the park yesterday.3) It was in the park that I met Tom yesterday.4) It was yesterday that I met Tom in the park. 看下列例题：

1. Everyone knows that _______ is dangerous to play with fire, but _______ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire.

A. it, it B. what, what C. it, what D. what, it 【答案】C..

【解析】：很容易误选B，认为两空均考查形式主语。最佳答案是C，第一空填形式主语，真正的主语是其后的不定式 to play with fire。第二空填 what，what is difficult 是主语从句，注意 what is difficult 后的谓语动词 is。

2. I dislike _______ when others laugh at me in public or think poorly of me behind. A. That B. those C. it 【答案】C..

【解析】: 几个干扰项均有可能误选。最佳答案是C，因为在通常情况下，like 是及物动词，其后应有宾语(句中 it 即为其宾语)。句中的 when 从句不是宾语从句，而是时间状语从句，其中的 when 的意思是“当……的时候”。其实，也有的词典将 I don’t like it when (if) … 作为一个句型来处理。能这样用的动词不多，主要的有enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等表示喜好的动词。 She won’t like it if you arrive late. 她不喜欢你迟到。

He hates it when people use his bike. 他讨厌别人用他的自行车。

D. them

3. I’ve no idea. I just pretended nobody was at home, so I didn’t ask who _______ was. A. He B. that C. she 【答案】D..

【解析】: 容易误选A或C。最佳答案是D。it 用以指身份不明的人。若指身份明确的人，则不宜用it。比较：

(1) Mr Smith is at the door. _______ wants to see you. A. He B. It C. This 【答案】A..

【解析】第(1)题选A，因为来者身份明确； (2) Someone is at the door. ________ must be Mr Smith. A. He B. It C. This 【答案】B..

【解析】第(2)选B，因为来者身份不明确。

4. “Excuse me, I want to have my watch fixed, but I can’t find a repair shop.” “I know ________ nearby. Come on, I’ll show you.”

A. One B. it C. some 【答案】A..

【解析】容易误选B。最佳答案是A。it 和 one 的区别可简单地概括为：it = the + 名词，one = a + 名词。如：

I haven’t got any pens, and I want to borrow one. 我没有钢笔，我想借一支。(one = a pen) I have two pens, and I can lend one to you. 我有两支钢笔，我可以借你一支。(one = a pen) I have a pen, and I can lend it to you. 我有一支钢笔，我可以把它借给你。(it = the pen) 5. Will you see to _______ that my children are taken good care of while I am away? A. It B. me C. yourself 【答案】A..

【解析】几个干扰项均有可能误选。最佳答案是A。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是空格后that引导的宾语从句。

see to 意为“负责”、“注意”，其中的 to 为介词，不宜直接跟that引导的宾语从句，遇此情况可借助代词 it。 ◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1. Why shouldn’t I buy a new coat — I haven’t bought _____ for five years.

D. them D. that D. That D. That D. it

A. it C. one 【答案】C..

B. that D. which

【解析】选C。one 指 a coat。比较：it = the +名词，one = a+名词，换句话说，it 是特指的，而one 则是泛指的。

2. He made _____ known to his friends that he didn’t want to enter politics. A. that C. himself 【答案】B..

【解析】选B。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是 that he didn’t want to enter politics。 3. It used to be thought _____ the Earth was flat. A. as C. since 【答案】D.

【解析】选D。it 为形式主语，此句为 People used to think that the Earth was flat 的被动语态形式。 4. The Parkers bought a new house but ______ will need a lot of work before they can move in. A. they C. one 【答案】B..

【解析】选B。it 指前面提到的 new house。注意不能选D，因为其前有并列连词but。 5. _______ is well known _______ Hong Kong returned to China on July 1st, 1997. A. It, that C. As, as 【答案】A..

【解析】选A。it 为形式主语，其后的that从句为主语从句。比较下面一题： _______ is well known, _______ Hong Kong returned to China on July 1st, 1997. A. It, that C. As, as 【答案】B..

【解析】选B。As引导非限定性定语从句。

B. As, / D. It, which B. As, / D. It, which B. it D. which B. when D. that B. it D. him

6. — I don’t know whether I should go abroad or not, Mum. — I leave _______ to your own judgment whether you should do it. A. that C. this 【答案】B..

【解析】选B。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是 whether you should do it. 7. Does ________ matter if he can’t finish the job on time? A. this C. he 【答案】D..

【解析】选 D。it doesn’t matter if…, does it matter if… 等为英语常用表达。 8. They are good friends. _______ is no wonder that they know each other so well. A. This C. There 【答案】D.

【解析】选 D。it’s no wonder that… 意为“难怪……”、“……不足为怪”，为英语固定表达，其中的 it’s 也可省略，即只说 No wonder that…。如：No wonder (that) he didn’t want to go. 难怪他不想去。 9. They live on a busy main road. ______ must be very noisy. A. There C. That 【答案】B..

【解析】选B。it 指环境。

10. Why don’t you bring ______ to his attention that you are too busy to do it? A. this C. that 【答案】D.

【解析】选 D。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是 that you are too busy to do it.

11. “Look at that lady on the stage. She’s already forty.” “You are joking. She doesn’t look ________.” A. so C. that

B. it D. this B. what D. it B. It D. They B. That D. It B. that D. it B. it D. what

【答案】B.

【解析】选 B。it 指 her age。look one’s age 为习语，意为“容貌与年龄相称”。

12. _______ was known to them all that William had broken his promise ______ he would give each of them a gift. A. As; Which C. It; that 【答案】C..

【解析】选C。第一空填 it，为形式主语；第二空填that，用以引导一个同位语从句，修饰 promise。 13. In the west, people make _______ a rule to send Christmas present to their relatives and friends. A. this C. it 【答案】C..

【解析】选 C。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是其后的不定式 to send Christmas present to their relatives and friends。

B. that D. the following B. What; that D. It; which