2017小升初英语语法复习(精)

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卓尔不凡，超越自我 There are a few mistakes. There are few mistakes. 5. both, all All of them go to the cinema. Both of my parents are healthy.=Both my father and my mother are heathy. 共性：谓语v. 都用复数。区别：all 指三者/三者以上人或物，both指―两者都…‖。 6. either, neither,none

Either you or I am right.或者你或者我是对的 Neither you nor I am right.你和我都不对 None of us are/is right. 我们都不对

共性：either和neither都遵循就近原则，区别：neither (指两者中没有一个，全否定) either (两者中的任意一个，半否) none做主语时谓语动词用单复数均可

neither 的反义词是both； none 的反义词是 all

7. each, every Each of us is here. Every one is here. 共性：谓语v. 都用单数。

区别：each指两者/两者以上，可与of连用; Every指三者/三者以上，不可与of连用。 8. one 与it 区别

Your dress is beautiful. Where did you buy it? (同名同物) I want to buy a new one. (同名异物) 9. it的用法

(1) What time is it? 时间 It’s time to go home. (2) What day is it? 日期 It’s Thursday.

(3) How far is it from London to China? 距离 We can walk home. It isn’t far.

(4) It’s raining.

天气 It’s a nice day today. (5) 指代不明人或物(敲门, 图片，照片中)

I find it dangerous to swim in this river.

★It’s easy/difficult/impossible/dangerous/safe/expensive/interesting/nice/

wonderful/terrible to…… It’s + adj to do sth

—Who is knocking at the door? —It’s me. (6) It的2个句型

It’s nice to see you again.

It’s impossible to understand her. 卓尔不凡，超越自我形式主语真主主 + v. + it + adj + to do sth. 形宾真宾

第九章一般将来时

一、定义

1. 表示―将来某个时间‖将要发生的―动作或状态‖。 2. 译文：―将要、打算做事‖。e.g.

(1) I ( We ) shall come back tomorrow. 我（我们）明天将回来。 (2) You’ll be fine soon. 你不久将会好。

(3) He is going to see his grandma. 他打算去看望姥姥。二、结构

1.will / shall + v.原形表将来

肯：主语 + will/shall + v.原 + 其它

否：I shall not = (shan’t) go to my hometown next week. 疑：Will you go to your hometown next week? 答：肯：Yes, I shall. 否：No, I shan’t. 练习：He will be free tomorrow. 变否：He will not = ( won’t) be free tomorrow. 变疑：Will he be free tomorrow?

肯回：Yes, he will. 否回：No, he won’t.

★注意: (1) will/shall是―助动词‖，后面跟―动词原形‖。没有人称和数的变化。 (2) will可用于各种人称；而shall一般仅用于第一人称之后。

(3) will 和shall 的简写形式为’ll。

(4) 注意：will not 常可缩略为 ’ll not 或won’t(板书音标)；shall not 缩略为shan’t(板书音标)。特：一般将来时的结构：特殊疑问词+ will/shall +主语+动原+……? I will clean the floor in the classroom tomorrow.

对主语提问(I): Who will clean the floor in the classroom tomorrow?

对谓宾提问(clean the floor): What will you do in the classroom tomorrow? 对宾语提问(the floor)：What will you clean in the classroom tomorrow? 对地点提问(in the classroom)：Where will you clean the floor tomorrow? 对时间提问(tomorrow)：When will you clean the floor in the classroom? 2.―be going to + 动词原形‖表将来

肯: 主语 + be（am，is，are）+ going to + v.原 + 其它否：主语 + be (am, is, are ) + not + going to + v.原 + 其它（口诀：找到be，助，情，直接加not）

疑: Be (Am, Is, Are) + 主语 + going to + v.原 + 其它? 答：肯：Yes,主+be. 否：No,主+be+not. 练习：I’m going to do my homework this evening.

变否：I’m not going to do my homework this evening. 变疑：Are you going to do your homework this evening? 否回：No, I’m not. 肯回：Yes, I am.

He is going to go swimming this afternoon.

变否：He is not going to go swimming this afternoon. 变疑：Is he going to go swimming this afternoon?

特:特殊疑问词 + be (am, is, are) + 主语 + going to + v.原 + 其它? (除对主语提问)

卓尔不凡，超越自我 I am going to clean the classrooms in the school tomorrow morning.

(1) 对主语提问：

Who is going to clean the classrooms in the school tomorrow morning? (2) 对谓宾提问：

What are you going to do in the school tomorrow morning?

(3) 对宾语提问： What are you going to clean in the school tomorrow morning?

(4) 对地点提问: Where are you going to clean the classrooms tomorrow morning?

(5) 对时间提问： When are you going to clean the classrooms in the school? 补充：There be句型将来结构：1.There is going to be… There are going to be…(be动词根据就近原则)如：

There is going to be a meeting this evening. There are going to be two meetings this evening.

2.There will be… There will be a meeting this evening.

三、标志性时间状语

1．today系列：today, this afternoon/evening今天下午/晚上；tonight今天夜里(除了this morning, 一般用于

过去时)

2. tomorrow系列：

tomorrow；tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening明天早/下/晚；the day after tomorrow后天 3．next系列： next week下周；next Monday /month/year下周一/下个月/明年

4. in + 一段时间系列 ―in + 一段时间‖用于将来时，要翻译成―……时间之后‖，而不能翻译为―……时间之内‖ in three days’ time = in three days三天后；

注意: Lily will come back in two hours.

Lily will come back in two hours.（对划线提问）How soon will Lily come back? Lily will come back after 10:00 o’clock. 区别：in+一段时间；after+时间点

5. soon不久；in future今后；in the future在将来；四、特殊用法

1.will与be going to的用法区别

will和be going to经常可以互换。e.g.

(1) There will be a football match this evening. (2) There is going to be a film tomorrow night.

(3) I will / am going to do my homework this evening. 只能用be going to 的情况。

A．常译为―准备……‖，―打算……‖。表示（事先）已经决定或安排要做的事，用be going to，e.g.

(1) What are you going to do tomorrow?

(2) I am going to make a skirt for my daughter. (3) Are you going to do it all by yourself?

B. 有―明显迹象‖预示某事即将（将要）肯定或很可能发生时，一般都用be going to。e.g.(1) Look at the black clouds, it’s going to rain. (2) Be careful! The boxes are going to fall. 只能用 ―will‖ 的情况。

A.表示―强烈意图、自愿做某事‖或坚持要做某事时，用will。e.g.

卓尔不凡，超越自我 (1) —Can somebody help me? —I will. (2) I will give up smoking. I really will.

(3) Please remember me to your parents. Ok, I will.

B.表示―客观上的必然性, 与主观的愿望或判断等无关‖时用will。（因为有些事情的发生是不以人们的意志为转移的，不是因为某人―准备‖、―打算‖怎么样就能怎么样，所以不能用be going to。）e.g. (1) Jane will be twenty next year. (2) Today is Thursday and tomorrow will be Friday. 2.―一般现在时‖表将来 I will go hiking if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. （主将从现）

I can help you when I have time.(主情从现) As soon as you arrive please tell me. (主祈从现)

if，when，as soon as, after,not…until,unless等适用以上用法。

3.―现在进行时‖表将来 go, come, leave, arrive, start, begin,move, fly,take off,return等, 表―来来去去‖的―趋向性‖动词常用―现进‖表―将来‖。

e.g. I am coming. We’re leaving tomorrow. 4.―be +不定式‖表将来

5.―be about +不定式‖表将来（离现在时刻最近）

第十章介词第一节

一、定义：介词不能单独充当句子成分，它必须用在名词或代词之前组成介词短语才能做句子成分，修饰动词名词或代词，表示时间、地点、空间等关系。

二、分类1. 表时间 2. 表地点 3. 某些介词其他用法 4. 介词短语

第二节表示时间的介词

1. ★口诀：

at用在时刻前，也与正午，午夜连 at 6 o’clock, at noon, at night. 周月季年长时间，in须放在其前面, in a week, in May, in spring, in 1990. in a day time 泛指一晌和傍晚，也要放在in后边; in the morning /afternoon/ evening on指特定某一天，日期星期节日前 on May 1st, on Sunday, on Christmas Day.

某天上下午夜晚，依然要在on后站 on Sunday morning, on the afternoon of May 1st. 今明昨天前后天，上下这那每之前， at, in, on都不填，此乃习惯记心间。 today, yesterday, the day before yesterday, the day after tomorrow, last

week, next week, this year, that morning, every morning

★特别：morning, afternoon, evening, night, 前后加修饰语，立刻把in (at)→改为on. 如：on a winter morning; on the morning of May1st.

2. until, till 直到…为止.

until (till) nine o’clock直到九点钟, until last night 直到昨天夜晚 until与not until区别：until与延续v.连用，not until与瞬间v.连用。

He didn’t go to bed until 9:00. He slept until 8:00. 3. by. 到…之前，截至→by (多用于完成时)

by the end of + 过去时间状语 → 用于过去完成时中。 by the end of + 将来时间状语 → 用于将来时中。 by seven o’clock. by now 到现在为止。

by the end of last year 到去年年末为止。 by the end of this term 到这学期期末为止。 by the end of next month. 到下月底。

4. for + 一段时间 ―达…之久‖，常用于现在完成时中。

for 2 hours (持续了)两个小时, for three months. (持续了)3个月。

卓尔不凡，超越自我

I have learned English for 3 years. 用How long提问

in + 一段时间（常表将来时) in ten years, in her early thirties, in the last few weeks. I will come back in two days.(两天后) 用How soon提问

5. from…to…, between…and…

from…to… 从…到… from Monday to Tuesday.

between…and… 在两者之间between eight and nine o’clock. 6. during 在…期间。 during the winter holiday 在寒假期间。 during the night 在夜间。但during 后不可加表示数的词。 7. before 表时间（和after相反）

the day before yesterday 前天， before 10 o’clock 10点以前 the day after tomorrow 后天, after class / school 课后 ago. (常和一般过去时连用). ten years ago. later. 一段时间 + later （用于过去时）

8. since. 自从…常用于以下句型。

① 过去的时间点主语 + 现在完成时 (have done) + since ② 一般过去时

I have lived here since 1990. It has been 10 years since I came here.

第三节表方位的介词

1. in 与 at 表地点时，at + 小地点，in + 大地点。如有比较时，则相对大的用in, 相对小的用at.

eg: The soldiers arrived at a small village.

The foreigners will arrive in shanghai tomorrow. 2. in / on / to in the…of 在某一地域范围内的。 on the…of 与某一地方相接壤的。 to the…of 在…之外

A B A B A B e.g. Beijing is in the north of China. India is on the south of China. Japan is to the east of China.

3. in front of 与in the front of 在…前面

in front of 在… (整体的外部) 前面; in the front of 在…(整体内部) 前面 e.g. Lilei is in front of Wangling.

The blackboard is in the front of the classroom. 4. across 与 through.

across 横面，表面通过 through 内部通过