dz̸ũҵԺУµÍÄ꼶´óѧÉúÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛµÄÌصã
£ÛÂÛÎĹؼü´Ê£ÝÄ¿µÄÐÔÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÊÖ¶ÎÐÔÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛµÍÄ꼶´óѧÉúũҵԺУ £ÛÂÛÎÄÕªÒª£Ý±¾Ñо¿²ÉÓýðÊ¢»ª¡¢ÀîÑ©£¨2005£©±àÖƵÄÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÁ¿±í£¬Ëæ»úÕûȺ³éÈ¡212ÃûũҵԺУµÍÄ꼶´óѧÉú£¬Ì½ÌÖÁËÆäÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛµÄÌص㡣½á¹û±íÃ÷£º¢ÙµÍÄ꼶´óѧÉúÄ¿µÄÐÔÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹Û¸÷ά¶È°´¾ù·ÖÓɸߵ½µÍÒÀ´ÎΪ£º³É¾ÍʵÏÖ¡¢¼Òͥά»¤¡¢µØλ׷Çó¡¢Éç»á´Ù½ø¡£¢ÚµÍÄ꼶´óѧÉúÊÖ¶ÎÐÔÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹Û¸÷ά¶È°´¾ù·ÖÓɸߵ½µÍÒÀ´ÎΪ£ºÖ°Òµ·¢Õ¹¡¢¹æ·¶µÀµÂ¡¢ÐËȤÐÔ¸ñ¡¢¸£Àû´ýÓö¡¢ÇáËÉÎȶ¨¡¢Ð½³êÉùÍû¡£¢ÛÅ®´óѧÉúÔÚ¸£Àû´ýÓöÉϵÄÆÚÍû·Ç³£ÏÔÖø¸ßÓÚÄдóѧÉú¡£¢ÜÎÄ¿Æ´óѧÉúÔڹ淶µÀµÂά¶ÈÉϵĵ÷ÖÏÔÖøµÍÓÚÀí¿Æ´óѧÉú¡£¢Ý´ó¶þѧÉúÔÚµØλ׷Çó¡¢Ö°Òµ·¢Õ¹ºÍ¸£Àû´ýÓöά¶ÈÉϵ÷ÖÏÔÖø¸ßÓÚ´óһѧÉú¡£ Ò»¡¢ÎÊÌâÌá³ö
Ö°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÊǸöÌåÆÀ¼ÛºÍÑ¡ÔñÖ°ÒµµÄ±ê×¼£¬[1]ËüÓë¸öÌåµÄÔñÒµÐÐΪÃÜÇÐÏà¹Ø¡£¹úÄںܶàѧÕß̽ÌÖÁË´óѧÉúÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹Ûº¬Òå¡¢½á¹¹¡¢Ìص㡢²âÁ¿¹¤¾ßºÍÓ°ÏìÒòËصÈÄÚÈÝ¡£[1-6]ÕâЩÑо¿ÖУ¬ÏÊÓаÑũҵԺУ´óѧÉú×÷ΪÑо¿¶ÔÏóµÄ¡£Å©ÒµÔºÐ£´óѧÉúÊÇÒ»¸öÌØÊâµÄѧÉúȺÌ壬ÆäÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹Û¼ÈÓëÆäËûÀàÐ͸ßУ´óѧÉúÓÐ׏²Í¬ÐÔ£¬ÓÖÓÐÆä¶ÀÌØÐÔ¡£ÆäÖУ¬µÍÄ꼶´óѧÉú»¹Î´ÃæÁÙÔñҵѡÔñ£¬Ì½ÌÖµÍÄ꼶´óѧÉúÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹Û£¬¿ÉÒÔÁ˽âÔÚÎÞ¾ÍҵѹÁ¦µÄÇé¿öÏ£¬´óѧÉúְҵѡÔñµÄ±ê×¼¡£Òò´Ë£¬±¾Ñо¿Ö¼ÔÚͨ¹ýÎʾíµ÷²é£¬Ì½ÌÖũҵԺУµÍÄ꼶´óѧÉúÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛµÄÌص㡣 ¶þ¡¢Ñо¿·½·¨ £¨Ò»£©±»ÊÔÑ¡È¡
±¾Ñо¿Ëæ»úÕûȺѡȡijũҵԺУ´óѧһÄ꼶Á½¸öÎÄ¿Æ°àºÍÁ½¸öÀí¿Æ°à£¬´óѧ¶þÄ꼶Á½¸öÎÄ¿Æ°àºÍÁ½¸öÀí¿Æ°à£¬¹²8¸ö°à¼¶£¬ÓÐЧ±»ÊÔ212ÈË£¬ÄÐÉú55ÈË£¬Å®Éú157ÈË£»´óÒ»97ÈË£¬´ó¶þ115ÈË£»ÎÄ¿Æ102ÈË£¬Àí¿Æ110ÈË¡£ £¨¶þ£©Ñо¿¹¤¾ß
Ñо¿²ÉÓýðÊ¢»ª¡¢ÀîÑ©£¨2005£©[1]±àÖƵÄÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÁ¿±í£¬¹²34¸öÏîÄ¿£¬°üÀ¨Ä¿µÄÐÔ¼ÛÖµ¹Û£¨16¸öÏîÄ¿£©ºÍÊÖ¶ÎÐÔ¼ÛÖµ¹Û£¨18¸öÏîÄ¿£©Á½¸ö·ÖÁ¿±í£¬Ä¿µÄÐÔÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÓ°ÏìÊÖ¶ÎÐÔÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹Û¡£Ä¿µÄÐÔÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÖ¸¸öÌåÆÀ¼ÛºÍÑ¡ÔñÖ°ÒµµÄÄÚÒþµÄ¶¯»úÐÔ±ê×¼£¬°üÀ¨¼Òͥά»¤¡¢µØλ׷Ç󡢳ɾÍʵÏÖºÍÉç»á´Ù½øËĸöά¶È£»ÊÖ¶ÎÐÔÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÖ¸¸öÌåÆÀ¼ÛºÍÑ¡ÔñÖ°ÒµµÄÍâÏÔµÄÌõ¼þÐÔ±ê×¼£¬°üÀ¨ÇáËÉÎȶ¨¡¢ÐËȤÐÔ¸ñ¡¢¹æ·¶µÀµÂ¡¢Ð½³êÉùÍû¡¢Ö°Òµ·¢Õ¹¡¢¸£Àû´ýÓöÁù¸öά¶È¡£Á¿±í²ÉÓÃÎ弶ÆÀ·Ö£¬1=·Ç³£²»ÖØÒª£¬2=±È½Ï²»ÖØÒª£¬3=Ò»°ã£¬4=±È½ÏÖØÒª£¬5=·Ç³£ÖØÒª¡£¸ÃÎʾíÄ¿µÄÐÔ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛºÍÊÖ¶ÎÐÔ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛµÄÖزâÐŶȷֱðΪ0.876ºÍ0.813¡£ £¨Èý£©Ñо¿³ÌÐòÓëÊý¾Ý´¦Àí
ͬһʱ¼ä£¬ÓÉÒ»ÃûÖ÷ÊÔ£¨ÐÄÀíϵÑо¿Éú£©Ê©²â´óÒ»ºÍ´ó¶þѧÉú¡¶Ö°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹Û¡·ÎÊ¾í£¬´ðÍêÏÖ³¡Êջأ¬´ð¾íʱ¼äΪ10·ÖÖÓ×óÓÒ¡£²ÉÓÃspss18.0Èí¼þ½øÐÐÊý¾Ý´¦Àí£¬Ö÷ÒªÉæ¼°t¼ìÑé¡£ Èý¡¢Ñо¿½á¹û
£¨Ò»£©µÍÄ꼶´óѧÉúÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛµÄÃèÊö·ÖÎö
ũҵԺУµÍÄ꼶´óѧÉúÄ¿µÄÐÔÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹Û4¸öά¶È°´¾ù·Ö´Ó¸ßµ½µÍÒÀ´ÎΪ£º³É¾ÍʵÏÖ£¨4.10¡À0.57£©¡¢¼Òͥά»¤£¨3.97¡À0.66£©¡¢µØλ׷Çó£¨3.63¡À0.67£©¡¢Éç»á´Ù½ø£¨3.51¡À0.71£©¡£µÍÄ꼶´óѧÉúÊÖ¶ÎÐÔÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹Û6¸öά¶È°´¾ù·Ö´Ó¸ßµ½µÍÒÀ´ÎΪ£ºÖ°Òµ·¢Õ¹£¨4.13¡À0.55£©¡¢¹æ·¶µÀµÂ£¨4.05¡À0.57£©¡¢ÐËȤÐÔ¸ñ£¨3.93¡À0.58£©¡¢¸£Àû´ýÓö£¨3.52¡À0.67£©¡¢ÇáËÉÎȶ¨£¨3.15¡À0.65£©¡¢Ð½³êÉùÍû£¨3.13¡À0.63£©¡£ £¨¶þ£©µÍÄ꼶´óѧÉúÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÌصã 1.²»Í¬ÐÔ±ð´óѧÉúÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÌصã
ÔÚ¼Òͥά»¤¡¢µØλ׷Ç󡢳ɾÍʵÏÖ¡¢Éç»á´Ù½ø¡¢ÇáËÉÎȶ¨¡¢ÐËȤÐÔ¸ñ¡¢¹æ·¶µÀµÂ¡¢Ð½³êÉùÍû¡¢Ö°Òµ·¢Õ¹¡¢¸£Àû´ýÓö10¸öά¶ÈÉÏ£¬ÄдóѧÉúÔÚ¸÷ά¶ÈÉϵľùÖµºÍ±ê×¼²îÒÀ´ÎΪ3.90¡À0.64¡¢3.63¡À0.76¡¢4.14¡À0.59¡¢3.45¡À0.84¡¢3.02¡À0.77¡¢3.86¡À0.61¡¢4.01¡À0.64¡¢3.10¡À0.68¡¢4.15¡À0.49¡¢3.32¡À0.63£»Å®´óѧÉúÔÚÉÏÊö¸÷ά¶ÈÉϵľùÖµºÍ±ê×¼²îÒÀ´ÎΪ3.99¡À0.67¡¢3.63¡À0.63¡¢4.09¡À0.56¡¢3.54¡À0.66¡¢3.19¡À0.60¡¢
3.95¡À0.57¡¢4.06¡À0.55¡¢3.14¡À0.62¡¢4.12¡À0.56¡¢3.60¡À0.67¡£¾t¼ìÑé·¢ÏÖ£¬²»Í¬ÐÔ±ðµÍÄ꼶´óѧÉú½öÔÚ¸£Àû´ýÓöά¶ÈÉÏ´æÔڷdz£ÏÔÖøµÄ²îÒ죬¼´Å®´óѧÉúÔÚ¸£Àû´ýÓöÉϵÄÆÚÍû·Ç³£ÏÔÖø¸ßÓÚÄдóѧÉú£¨t=2.729£¬p£¼0.01£©£¬ÆäËû9¸öά¶È¾ù²»´æÔÚÏÔÖø²îÒì¡£
2.²»Í¬×¨Òµ´óѧÉúÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÌصã
ÔÚ¼Òͥά»¤¡¢µØλ׷Ç󡢳ɾÍʵÏÖ¡¢Éç»á´Ù½ø¡¢ÇáËÉÎȶ¨¡¢ÐËȤÐÔ¸ñ¡¢¹æ·¶µÀµÂ¡¢Ð½³êÉùÍû¡¢Ö°Òµ·¢Õ¹¡¢¸£Àû´ýÓö10¸öά¶ÈÉÏ£¬ÎÄ¿Æ´óѧÉúÔÚ¸÷ά¶ÈÉϵľùÖµºÍ±ê×¼²îÒÀ´ÎΪ3.98¡À0.69¡¢3.65¡À0.68¡¢4.06¡À0.58¡¢3.47¡À0.72¡¢3.11¡À0.69¡¢3.88¡À0.62¡¢3.96¡À0.59¡¢3.16¡À0.63¡¢4.09¡À0.52¡¢3.56¡À0.58£»Àí¿Æ´óѧÉúÔÚÉÏÊö¸÷ά¶ÈÉϵľùÖµºÍ±ê×¼²îÒÀ´ÎΪ3.95¡À0.64¡¢3.61¡À0.66¡¢4.16¡À0.56¡¢3.56¡À0.69¡¢3.18¡À0.61¡¢3.97¡À0.54¡¢4.12¡À0.54¡¢3.11¡À0.64¡¢4.16¡À0.57¡¢3.49¡À0.74¡£¾t¼ìÑé¿ÉÖª£¬²»Í¬×¨ÒµµÄµÍÄ꼶´óѧÉú½öÔڹ淶µÀµÂά¶ÈÉÏ´æÔÚÏÔÖø²îÒ죬¼´ÎÄ¿Æ´óѧÉúµÃ·ÖÏÔÖøµÍÓÚÀí¿Æ´óѧÉú£¨t=-2.062£¬p£¼0.05£©£¬ÆäËû9¸öά¶È¾ù²»´æÔÚÏÔÖø²îÒì¡£
3.²»Í¬Ä꼶´óѧÉúµÄÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÌصã
ÔÚ¼Òͥά»¤¡¢µØλ׷Ç󡢳ɾÍʵÏÖ¡¢Éç»á´Ù½ø¡¢ÇáËÉÎȶ¨¡¢ÐËȤÐÔ¸ñ¡¢¹æ·¶µÀµÂ¡¢Ð½³êÉùÍû¡¢Ö°Òµ·¢Õ¹¡¢¸£Àû´ýÓö10¸öά¶ÈÉÏ£¬´óһѧÉúÔÚ¸÷ά¶ÈÉϵľùÖµºÍ±ê×¼²îÒÀ´ÎΪ3.98¡À0.54¡¢3.53¡À0.66¡¢4.07¡À0.51¡¢3.49¡À0.61¡¢3.10¡À0.60¡¢3.86¡À0.59¡¢4.02¡À0.59¡¢3.06¡À0.60¡¢4.04¡À0.50¡¢3.40¡À0.64£»´ó¶þѧÉúÔÚÉÏÊö¸÷ά¶ÈÉϵľùÖµºÍ±ê×¼²îÒÀ´ÎΪ3.96¡À0.76¡¢3.71¡À0.66¡¢4.13¡À0.62¡¢3.53¡À0.79¡¢3.19¡À0.68¡¢3.99¡À0.57¡¢4.07¡À0.55¡¢3.20¡À0.66¡¢4.21¡À0.57¡¢3.62¡À0.68¡£¾t¼ìÑ飬ÔÚÄ¿µÄÐÔÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÖУ¬´ó¶þѧÉúÔÚµØλ׷Çóά¶ÈÉϵ÷ÖÏÔÖø¸ßÓÚ´óһѧÉú£¨t=2.006£¬p£¼0.05£©£¬ÔÚÊÖ¶ÎÐÔÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÖУ¬´ó¶þѧÉúÔÚÖ°Òµ·¢Õ¹ºÍ¸£Àû´ýÓöÉϵĵ÷־ùÏÔÖø¸ßÓÚ´óһѧÉú£¨t=2.170£¬p£¼0.05£»t=2.461£¬p£¼0.05£©£¬ÔÚÆäËû¸÷ά¶ÈÉÏ£¬´ó¶þѧÉúºÍ´óһѧÉú¾ù²»´æÔÚÏÔÖø²îÒì¡£ ËÄ¡¢ÌÖÂÛ
£¨Ò»£©µÍÄ꼶´óѧÉúÖ°Òµ¼ÛÖµ¹Û×ÜÌå·ÖÎö