课时分层作业(四) Section Ⅰ
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Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Robots will have taken over most jobs within 30 years leaving humanity facing its “biggest challenge ever” to find meaning in life when work is no longer necessary，according to experts.
Professor Moshe Vardi, of Rice University, in the U．S.，says that many middle-class professionals will be assisting the work of machines within the next few decades leaving workers with more leisure(休闲) time than they have ever experienced.
Prof Vardi said the rise of robots could lead to unemployment rates greater than 50 percent.
“We are approaching a time when machines will be able to do better than humans at almost any task，” said Vardi, a professor in computational engineering.
Robots are doing more and more jobs that people used to do. I believe that society needs to face this question before it's upon us. If machines can do almost any work humans can do, what will humans do?
“The question I want to put forward is，‘Does the technology we are developing finally benefit mankind？’”
Prof Vardi said existing robotic and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies were already getting rid of a growing number of middle-class jobs and that pace of advancement in the field is increasing.
But Prof Vardi is not sure that a workforce of humanlike robots will be good for mankind.
“A typical answer is that if machines will do all our work, we will be free to pursue(追求) leisure activities，”he said.
“I do not find this a promising future, as I do not find the idea of leisure-only life appealing. I believe that work is essential to human well-being.”
“Humanity is about to face perhaps its greatest challenge ever, which is finding meaning in life.”
“We need to rise to the occasion and meet this challenge before human labor becomes out of date.”
“What' s different this time is computer scientists are working on building
machines that can do everything we can do, only better. If machines can do all the work or even 50 percent of the jobs that we used to do, what will people do？”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。专家警示，30年内机器人将接管大部分工作。 1．What does Professor Moshe Vardi say about future human jobs? A．They will be more challenging. B．Most will disappear completely. C．Most will be replaced by robots. D．They will require higher degrees.
C [细节理解题。由第二、三段的描述可知，在未来的几十年内，人类的大部分工作将由机器人来完成。]
2．What is Prof Vardi concerned about? A．The rapid population growth. B．The fast development of robots. C．Whether robots will rule humans. D．Whether robots will do good to humans.
D [细节理解题。由第六段中的‘Does the technology we are developing finally benefit mankind？’以及第八段But Prof Vardi is not sure that a workforce of humanlike robots will be good for mankind.可知，Vardi教授担心人类发明的技术是否最终会让人类受益。]
3．How does Prof Vardi find leisure-only life? A．Ideal. C．Carefree.
B．Undesirable. D．Interesting.
B [推理判断题。由倒数第四段中的I do not find this a promising future，as I do not find the idea of leisure-only life appealing.可知，Vardi教授并不觉得只有休闲的生活吸引人。]
4．What will humans face in the next few decades? A．Labor shortage. B．Production surplus. C．Fierce competition. D．Lack of life purposes.
D [细节理解题。由倒数第三段的Humanity is about to face perhaps its greatest challenge ever，which is finding meaning in life.以及最后一段中的If machines can do all the work or even 50 percent of the jobs that we used to do，what will people do？可知，如果机器能够做所有的工作，抑或甚至百分之五十的工作，人类即将面临最大的
挑战，那就是找到生活的意义。]
B
Science fiction writers create imaginary worlds.The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science.So it's important for you to be familiar with the scientific principles and inventions that are related to your creation.For example，if you're writing about human living on a planet with zero gravity，then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body.
Then you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds.And you have to follow them.If humans are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1，your character can't drown in a swimming pool in Chapter 3.The issue here is maintaining your readers' trust.That means the reader is willing to pretend along with you.If you start out with an ordinary detective novel and then throw in someone breathing underwater in the 6th chapter，you will pull the readers out of their imagination.The same thing happens if you change the rules halfway.
Part of your preparation work for the novel is to map out its worlds in great detail.You should decide the following issues：the history of the world，the geography，what possibilities it offers，how everything works in this new reality，and how all of these factors affect the way your characters think，feel，and react to things.You don't have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter.But you have to let readers know enough to understand what's going on.This also allows you to work out logical problems and contradictions (矛盾) before you start writing.
When you are writing，remember to make it feel real.You are inviting readers to visit a new world.They will want to be able to see，hear，feel，smell，and even taste what it's like.Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet，help your readers feel like they're actually there.
【语篇解读】 很多人对科幻小说充满兴趣，你是否想写科幻小说呢？ 5．What's the relationship between actual science and science fiction? A．Science fiction promotes the development of actual science. B．Science fiction often reflects the development of actual science. C．Actual science limits the imagination described in science fiction. D．Actual science provides basic principles for science fiction.
D [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science.”可知，幻想世界以实际科学为基础。]
6．The second paragraph is mainly developed by ．
(新课标)2019-2020学年高中英语 课时分层作业4 Section Ⅰ(含解析)新人教版选修7
