money banks 存款准备金 required reserves
打白条 issue IOU 大额存单 certificate of deposit (CD) 大额提现 withdraw
deposits in large amounts 大面积滑坡 wide-spread decline
大一统的银行体制 (all-in-one) mono-bank system
呆账（请见“坏账”） bad loans
呆账准备金 loan loss reserves (provisions) 呆滞贷款 idle loans 贷款沉淀 non-performing loans
贷款分类 loan classification 贷款限额管理 credit
control;to impose credit ceiling
贷款约束机制 credit disciplinary (constraint) mechanism
代理国库 to act as fiscal agent
代理金融机构贷款 make loans on behalf of other institutions
戴帽贷款 ear-marked loans 倒逼机制 reversed transmission of the pressure for easing monetary condition 道德风险 moral hazard 地区差别 regional disparity 第一产业 the primary industry
第二产业 the secondary
industry 第三产业 the service
industry;the tertiary industry
递延资产 deferrable assets
发行货币 to issue currency 发行总股本 total stock issue 法定准备金 required
订货不足 insufficient orders reserves;reserve 定期存款 time deposits 定向募集 raising funds from targeted sources 东道国（请见“母国”） host country
独立核算 independent accounting
短期国债 treasury bills 对冲操作 sterilization operation;hedging 对非金融部门债权 claims on non-financial sector 多种所有制形式 diversified ownership 恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation
二级市场 secondary market requirement
法人股 institutional shares 法人股东 institutional shareholders 法治 rule of law 房地产投资 real estate investment
放松银根 to ease monetary policy
非现场稽核 off-site
surveillance (or monitoring) 非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions 非赢利性机构 non-profit organizations 分税制 assignment of
central and local taxes;tax
assignment system
分业经营 segregation of financial business (services); division of business scope based on the type of financial institutions 风险暴露（风险敞口） risk exposure
风险管理 risk management 风险意识 risk awareness 风险资本比例 risk-weighted capital ratios
风险资本标准 risk-based capital standard
服务事业收入 public service charges;user's charges 扶贫 poverty alleviation 负增长 negative growth 复式预算制 double-entry budgeting;capital and
current budgetary account 改革试点 reform experimentation
杠杆率 leverage ratio
杠杆收购 leveraged buyout 高息集资 to raise funds by offering high interest 个人股 non-institutional shares
根本扭转 fundamental
turnaround (or reversal) 公开市场操作 open market operations
公款私存 deposit public funds in personal accounts 公用事业 public utilities 公有经济 the state-owned sector;the public sector 公有制 public ownership 工业成本利润率 profit-to-cost ratio 工业增加值 industrial value
added 供大于求 supply exceeding demand;excessive supply
鼓励措施 incentives 股份合作企业 joint-equity cooperative enterprises 股份制企业 joint-equity enterprises
股份制银行 joint-equity banks
固定资产贷款 fixed asset loans
关税减免 tariff reduction and exemption
关税减让 tariff concessions 关税优惠 tariff
incentives;preferential tariff treatment
规范行为 to regularize (or standardize) …behavior 规模效益 economies of scale
国计民生 national interest and people's livelihood 国家对个人其他支出 other
government outlays to individuals
国家风险 country risk 国际分工 international division of labor 国际收支 balance of payments
国有独资商业银行 wholly state-owned commercial banks
国有经济（部门） the
state-owned (or public) sector
国有企业 state-owned enterprises (SOEs) 国有制 state-ownership 国有资产流失 erosion of state assets
国债回购 government securities repurchase 国债一级自营商 primary underwriters of
government securities 过度竞争 excessive competition 过度膨胀 excessive expansion 过热迹象 signs of overheating 合理预期 rational expectation
核心资本 core capital 合资企业 joint-venture enterprises 红利 dividend
宏观经济运营良好 sound macroeconomic performance 宏观经济基本状况 macroeconomic fundamentals
宏观调控 macroeconomic management (or adjustment)
宏观调控目标
macroeconomic objectives (or targets) 坏账 bad debt 还本付息 debt service 换汇成本 unit export cost;local currency cost of export earnings 汇兑在途 funds in float 汇兑支出 advance payment of remittance by the beneficiary's bank 汇率并轨 unification of exchange rates
活期存款 demand deposits 汇率失调 exchange rate misalignment 混合所有制 diversified (mixed) ownership 货币政策态势 monetary policy stance
2020年(金融保险)常见银行英语词汇
